1. Herbert Kubicek
The Organization Gap
in the Provision of Public Information and Open Data
The Case of the City State of Bremen, Germany

2. The 10 Principles of OGD Add. Efforts /
Feasibility
Completeness Complete sets except for legal restrictions
Primacy As collected, incl. details on collection +
Timeliness
Ease of physical and
electronic access
Barriers are formal procedures e.g. FOIA requests,
instead bulk access and APIs
+
Machine Readability Widely used formats + documentation +
Non - discrimination Any person for any purpose at equal conditions
Use of commonly
owned standards
e.g. Open source instead of Microsoft or Adobe / -
Licensing Availability without restrictions / -
Permanence Permanent availabiliy incl. archives and version tracking + /
Usage cost No charge for collecting the data, no charge for access
as the provision generates tax revenues
+ / -
http://sunlightfoundation.com/policy/documents/ten-open-data-principles/
Do we live in a land of Milk and Honey ? –

3. Open Government und OGD
3No1No 1 :
?
?
How does
it work ?
No 1 : 1 Relation
Not by a strategy of
collecting the low
hanging fruits

4. Different Objectives of OGD
Support of
Services
(Government
and Business)
Support of
Services
(Government
and Business)
Research
and
Education
Research
and
Education
Transparency
of
Government
Documents
(Readable by humans)
Data
(Readable by machines)

5. Provision of Public Information
(data and documents)
Bremen

6. Freedom of Information Laws (FoIAs)
on State Level (Germany)
• Brandenburg ( März 1998)
• Berlin ( Oktober 1999)
• Schleswig-Holstein ( Februar 2000)
• Nordrhein-Westfalen ( Januar 2002)
• Mecklenburg-Vorpommern ( Juli 2006)
• Hamburg ( August 2006/2012)
• Bremen ( August 2006)
• Saarland ( September 2006)
• Thüringen ( Dezember 2007)
• Sachsen-Anhalt ( Oktober 2008)
• Rheinland-Pfalz (Januar 2009)
Quelle: http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informationsfreiheit
Federal Law 2006

7. Bremer Informationsregister: 27.750 Docs
7http://www.bremen.de/buergerservice/amtliche_informationen
Mehr als 27.550 amtliche
Informationen: Berichte,
Beschlüsse, Protokolle,
Gerichtsentscheidungen,
Verträge

8. 8
4/2014: 134 data sets

9. 9
Anybody can propose /
request data sets via the
Portal.
(based on § 1 BremIFG)
The traffic light symbol
shows the status

10. 10
BUT: Raw data do not
contribute to transparency
just by themselves

11. What people are looking for:
FOI-Register: Top20-Keywords
Schlagworte (Keywords) Anzahl der Aufrufe (No. of entries)
Wohngeld (housing allowance) 254
Wohnungswesen (housing) 175
Bauordnungsrecht (building law) 142
Wohnungshilfen (housing allowance) 112
Bauordnungswesen (building law) 106
Baurecht (building law) 74
Ausländerrecht (imigration law) 39
Deputationen (government bodies) 39
Verwaltungskosten (administration costs) 39
Gewerbe (trade) 38
Steuern(taxes) 34
Allgemeinbildende+Schule (primary schools) 32
Gesetzgebung (legislation) 26
Wohnungsbau (house building) 26
Personalangelegenheiten (personnel matters) 25
Haushalt (budget) 24
Schwerbehindertenrecht (disabled people law) 24
Fahrerlaubnis (drivers licence) 23
Lärmbelästigung (noise disturbance) 23
Arbeitserlaubnis (working permit) 21

12. Top Data Sets
Street Register 1,119
Budget (State and City) 1,029
Labor Agreements Bremen 2012/2013 472
Open Toilettes 347
Official Maps of Geoinformation Bremen 329
Polling Stations 297
Populatiion by migrant status 281
Starting with 30 for an apps4Bremen Competition in 2011

13. Number of Registered Documents by Ministry
Ressort 2008 - 2010 2011 2012 10/2013
Senatskanzlei 4 30 6.028 7.208
Senatorin für Soziales, Kinder,
Jugend und Frauen
131 117 2.101 3.348
Die Senatorin für Finanzen 114 104 1.436 3.191
Der Senator für Umwelt, Bau und
Verkehr
239 167 1.983 3.149
Senatorin für Soziales, Kinder,
Jugend und Frauen
131 117 2.101 3.348
Der Senator für Wirtschaft, Arbeit
und Häfen
176 67 1.161 2.287
Die Senatorin für Bildung und
Wissenschaft
30 12 1.358 1.802
Tools for automatic
registration

14. Compliance Study 2013
Is a culture of the official secret the main reason for a lack of compliance ?
NO YES

15. The Organization Gap:
Central editorial staff can not know what documents are produced in a department

16. For some kinds of documents authority is already assigned

17. Recommendation for ordinance:

18. Pro-active Publication of Raw Data
• Much more effort for data than for documents as most
existing legacy system are not ment and suited for external
access.
• The City State of Hamburg in 2012 issued a Transparency
Law requiring pro-active publication of all government data
according to the 10 OGD principles.
• More than 50 administrative systems are checked by more
than 30 people (systems check, legal check, programming
contracts between 1,000 and 100,000 Euro)
• One time cost > 5 Mio. Euro
• Annual cost (maintenance) > 1 Mio. Euro
18

19. Pro-active publication of open data - public consultation April 2014

20. 20
IFG
Informations-
weiterverwendungs-
gesetz
Umwelt-
Informations-
gesetz
Verbraucher-
informations-
gesetz
Urheber-
recht
Geodaten-
zugangs-
gesetz
Daten-
schutz-
gesetze
Statistik-
gesetz
Overlapping legal provisions for public information

21. INSPIRE Annex III Themes: Provision by 2015
Statistical units
Buildings
Soil
Land use
Human health and safety
Utility and Government services
Environmental monitoring facilities
Production and industrial facilities
Agricultural and aquaculture facilities
Population distribution – demography
Area management/restriction/regulation zones and reporting units
Natural risk zones
Atmospheric conditions
...........
Habitats and biotopes
Species distribution
Energy resources
Mineral resources
............
Relationsship to OGD:
Double collection ?
Different metadata
Two plattforms
No coordination?

22. More on
http://www.ifib.de
and
http://www.daten.bremen.de
22