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Oracle Database 12c : Multitenant
- 2. The following is intended to outline our general product
direction. It is intended for information purposes only, and
may not be incorporated into any contract. It is not a
commitment to deliver any material, code, or functionality,
and should not be relied upon in making purchasing
decisions. The development, release, and timing of any
features or functionality described for Oracle's products
remains at the sole discretion of Oracle. Release timing for
Oracle Database 12c is planned for Calendar Year 2013.
2
Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- 4. Major Database Focus Areas
SOCIAL
BLOG
101100101001
001001101010
101011100101
010100100101
SMART
METER
BIG
DATA
4
Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
ENGINEERED
SYSTEMS
CLOUD
COMPUTING
- 5. Private Database Cloud Architectures
Using Oracle Database 11g
Virtual Machines
Dedicated Databases
share servers
share servers and OS
Increasing Consolidation
5
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Schema Consolidation
share servers, OS and database
- 6. Private Database Cloud Architectures
Using Oracle Database 12c
Virtual Machines
Dedicated Databases
Pluggable Databases
share servers
share servers and OS
share servers, OS and database
Increasing Consolidation
6
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- 7. Consolidating Databases on Clouds
Key requirements…
No application changes
Isolation and multitenancy
Fast provisioning and cloning
Secure and highly available
Lower IT costs
Manage many as one
Greater resource utilization
Performant and scalable
7
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- 10. New Multitenant Architecture
Memory and processes required at container level only
System Resources
10
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- 11. Pluggable vs Separate Databases
Highly Efficient: 6x Less H/W Resource, 5x more Scalable
OLTP benchmark comparison
Only 3GB of memory vs. 20GB
memory used for 50 databases
Pluggable databases scaled to
over 250 while separate
database instances maxed at 50
11
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- 14. Managing Shared Resources
Resource management for consolidated databases
Low Priority
Medium Priority
High Priority
14
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- 15. Users
Local users are the successors for
customer-created users in a non-CDB
A local user is defined only in a PDB
A local user can administer a PDB
A common user is defined in the root
and is represented in every PDB
A common user can log into any PDB
where it has “Create Session” and can
therefore administer a PDB
The Oracle system is owned by
common users
15
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- 16. Common Users and Privileges
Authorization is checked in the same way as in pre-12.1
A common user can be granted privileges locally in a PDB (or root)
and therefore differently in each container
A common user can, alternatively, be granted a system privilege
commonly – the grant is made in root and every PDB, present and future
You can create a common role
A common role can be granted to a common user commonly
Authorization is checked in the container where the SQL is attempted
considering only the privileges that the user has in that container
Best practice: Don’t create objects in common user’s schema
16
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- 17. Improved Agility With Changing Workloads
Expand Cluster to Support Flexible Consolidation Model
Services
CDB Instance 1
CDB Instance 2
Single SGA per
CDB Instance
Node1
Multitenant Container Database (CDB)
17
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Node2
- 18. Improved Agility With Changing Workloads
Expand Cluster to Support Flexible Consolidation Model
Services
CDB Instance 1
CDB Instance 3
CDB Instance 2
Single SGA per
CDB Instance
Node1
Node3
Multitenant Container Database (CDB)
18
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Node2
- 21. Patching via Unplug/Plug
Details
Plug compatibility
Xml manifest
Things to check
– Options
– Character set
– Parameters
– Endianness
Post-plug, run any necessary SQL patch script in PDB
– Nothing required for binary patches
This method can be used for upgrades to next patchset
21
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- 22. Manage Many Databases as One
Backup databases as one; recover at pluggable database Level
One Backup
Point-in-time recovery
at pluggable database level
22
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- 23. PDB Point-in-time Recovery (PITR)
Recovery isolation at granularity of PDB
Much simpler/streamlined than tablespace PITR, which is complicated by
difficulties in identifying which metadata to use.
PDB PITR consists of 3 simple steps from RMAN:
RMAN> restore pluggable database my_db;
RMAN> recover pluggable database my_db until SCN 411010;
RMAN> alter pluggable database my_db open resetlogs;
All datafiles are recovered in-place, undo is recovered out of place and
applied in-place during open resetlogs.
Old backups of the PDB will continue to be valid.
23
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- 24. Manage Many Databases as One
One standby database covers all pluggable databases
24
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- 25. Fast Provisioning
Pluggable databases can be quickly provisioned from seed
Time Taken to Provision New Database
25
20
15
10
5
0
Non CDB
25
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PDB
Clone PDB using
Copy-on-Write File
System
- 26. Creating Databases for Test and Development
Fast, flexible copy and snapshot of pluggable databases
26
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- 27. Multitenant for Provisioning
Fast cloning of PDBs
PDBs can be cloned from
within the same CDB
27
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- 29. Multitenant Cloning with Full Copy
Efficient, simple & reliable process
Orchestration entirely from SQL
– DBA skills only
– No o/s access required
Parallel Execution Servers
– Fast and efficient
Clones have unique GUIDs
Source PDB must be open read only
29
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- 30. Multitenant Cloning with Snapshot Copy
Thin provisioning of database clones in seconds
create pluggable database DEV44
from CRM_MASTER snapshot copy
Still SQL with new “as snapshot” clause
Where not supported receive error
ORA-17517: Database cloning using storage snapshot failed
Built on copy-on-write capability of underlying file system
Storage admin’s credentials stored in secure wallet once per CDB
No subsequent requirement for intervention of storage administrator
30
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- 31. Snapshot Clone Restrictions
Local clones only
Source PDB cannot be dropped
Source PDB cannot be unplugged
Both source and cloned PDBs may be opened read-write
Supported platforms
– Sun ZFS Storage Appliance (ZFSSA)
– Oracle ASM Cluster File System (ACFS)
– NetApp ™
31
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- 32. Provisioning & Storage Gains with Snapshots
Internal Tests on Sun ZFS Storage Appliance
Full Size (GB) Snap Size (KB)
Relative Size
Full Clone
Snap Clone
% savings
24
0.00058%
9 min, 52 sec
1 min, 52 sec
80%
216
142
0.00007%
1hr, 21 min
2 min, 11 sec
97%
1300
32
140
551
0.00004%
9hr, 7 min
5 min 55 sec
99%
Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- 33. New Multitenant Architecture
Ideal for consolidating databases on Clouds
No application changes
Isolation and multitenancy
Fast provisioning and cloning
Secure and highly available
Lower IT costs
Manage many as one
Greater resource utilization
Performant and scalable
33
Copyright © 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
- 34. Manage Many as One with Multitenant
Backup databases as one; recover at pluggable database level
One Backup
Point-in-time recovery
At pluggable database level
34
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