PROJECT - London

1. ΓΕΝΙΚΟ ΛΥΚΕΙΟ ΣΤΥΛΙΔΑΣ
PROJECT Β’ ΛΥΚΕΙΟΥ
ΣΧ. ΕΤΟΣ 2012/13
ΥΠΕΥΘΥΝΗ ΚΑΘΗΓΗΤΡΙΑ: ΓΡΙΒΑ ΚΩΝ/ΝΑ
•LONDON: A FASCINATING,
DIVERSE CAPITAL.
•THE HISTORY, THE LANDMARKS,
THE MUSEUMS, THE ARTS.
•THE GREEK ELEMENT IN LONDON.
•THE MULTICULTURAL CHARACTER
OF THE CITY.

2. HISTORY

3. History
The Romans built a city called Londinium on the River Thames in AD 43. The name
Londinium (and then 'London') came from the Celtic language of the Ancient Britons.
In the year 61 AD, Queen Boudica (a British Celtic queen) and her army destroyed
the city. Boudica killed herself when Romans trapped her and the Romans then rebuilt
London. London became an important trading city. After the Romans left Britain, few
people lived in the city for a long time because the Anglo-Saxons liked living in the
countryside. In the 9th century, more people started living there again. It became the
largest city in England, but it did not become the capital city of England until the 12th
century.
After the railways were built, London grew very big. Greater London has 33 London
Boroughs and a mayor. The old City of London is only a square mile in size but has
its own Lord Mayor.
Another famous old part of Greater London is Westminster, which was always a
different city from the City of London. In Westminster is Westminster Abbey (a
cathedral), The Palace of Westminster (the Houses of Parliament, with Big Ben), and
10 Downing Street (where the Prime Minister lives).
Events
 43 AD - Londinium is founded by the Romans
 61 AD - Londinium is sacked by Queen Boudica and the Iceni
 100 AD - Londinium becomes the capital of Roman Britain
 200 AD - The population is about 60,00
 8th century - London is captured by Vikings
 885 - King Alfred the Great recaptures the city and makes peace with the
Viking leader Guthrum.
 1045-50 - Westminster Abbey is rebuilt by Edward the Confessor who is
buried there in January 1066.
 1066 - William the Conqueror is crowned in Westminster Abbey.
 1100 - The population is about 16,000.
 1300 - The population of London has risen to 100,000.
 1381 - The Peasants' Revolt - the first poll tax riots
 1605 - The Gunpowder Plot is stopped
 1665 - The Great Plague of London
 1666 - The Great Fire of London
 1780 - The Gordon riots
 1851 - The Great Exhibition held at the Crystal Palace
 1908 - The Olympic Games take place in London.
 1940-41 - London was bombed by Germany during World War II. This is
known as The Blitz.
 1948 - The Olympic Games take place in London for the second time.
 1966 - The Football World Cup final took place in London. It was won by
England.
 1990 - The Second Poll Tax Riots
 2000 - London opened the Millennium Dome to celebrate the new millennium.
 2005 - 07/07 Bombings - 52 people die and over 700 people are injured.

4. LANDMARKS

5. BUCKINGHAM PALACE

6. Buckingham Palace is the official London residence and principal workplace of the
British monarch. It is in the centre of London, in the City of Westminster. The palace
is a setting for state occasions and royal hospitality. It has been a focus for the British
people at times of national rejoicing and crisis.
It was built by John Sheffield, 1st Duke of Buckingham and Normandy, in 1703 as a
town house (a residence in London). It was bought by the British royal family in
1761, and became the official London home of the family in 1837. It is owned by the
State.
Buckingham Palace has 775 rooms, and is one of few working palaces in the world.
Leading up to it is a ceremonial road, The Mall.

8. LONDON EYE

9. The London Eye is a giant Ferris wheel situated on the banks of the River Thames in
London, England. The entire structure is 135 metres (443 ft) tall and the wheel has a
diameter of 120 metres (394 ft).
It is the tallest Ferris wheel in Europe, and the most popular paid tourist attraction in
the United Kingdom, visited by over 3.5 million people annually

10. MUSEUMS

11. BRITISH MUSEUM

12. The British Museum in London is one of the world's largest and most important
museums of human history and culture. It has more than seven million objects from
all continents. They illustrate and document the story of human culture from its
beginning to the present. As with all other national museums and art galleries in
Britain, the Museum charges no admission fee.
The British Museum set up in 1753 and opened in 1759. It was the first museum in
the world to be open to everyone. The museum gradually grew over the next two
hundred years. It has nearly six million visitors a year and is the second most popular
art museum in the world.
Some of the museum's most popular and important exhibits include the Rosetta Stone
and the Elgin Marbles.

14. NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM

15. As well as the permanent (and permanently fascinating!) dinosaur exhibition, the
Natural History Museum boasts a collection of the biggest, tallest and rarest animals
in the world. See a life-sized Blue Whale, a 40-million-year-old spider, and the
beautiful Central Hall. Entry is free but special exhibitions require tickets.
Hundreds of exciting, interactive exhibits in one of London’s most beautiful landmark
buildings. Highlights include the popular Dinosaurs gallery, Mammals with its
unforgettable model blue whale and the spectacular Central Hall, home to the
Museum’s iconic Diplodocus skeleton. Don’t miss the state-of-the-art Cocoon where,
on a self-guided tour, you can see hundreds of fascinating specimens and look into
laboratories where you can see scientists at work.
The Museum offers a wide-ranging programme of temporary exhibitions and events
including chances to join experts, in the Darwin Centre’s high-tech Attenborough
Studio, in topical discussions about science and nature

17. GALLERIES

18. NATIONAL GALLERY

19. The crowning glory of Trafalgar Square, London's National Gallery is a vast space,
filled with Western European paintings from the 13th to the 19th centuries. In this
iconic art gallery you can find works by masters such as Van Gogh, da Vinci,
Botticelli, Constable, Renoir, Titian and Stubbs. Entry is free.

21. TATE MODERN

22. In December 1992 the Tate Trustees announced their intention to create a separate
gallery for international modern and contemporary art in London.
The former Bankside Power Station was selected as the new gallery site in 1994. The
following year, Swiss architects Herzog & De Meuron were appointed to convert the
building into a gallery. That their proposal retained much of the original character of
the building was a key factor in this decision.
The iconic power station, built in two phases between 1947 and 1963, was designed
by Sir Giles Gilbert Scott. It consisted of a stunning turbine hall, 35 metres high and
152 metres long, with the boiler house alongside it and a single central chimney.
However, apart from a remaining operational London Electricity sub-station the site
had been redundant since 1981.
In 1996 the design plans were unveiled and, following a £12 million grant from the
English Partnerships regeneration agency, the site was purchased and work began.
The huge machinery was removed and the building was stripped back to its original
steel structure and brickwork. The turbine hall became a dramatic entrance and
display area and the boiler house became the galleries.
Since it opened in May 2000, more than 40 million people have visited Tate
Modern. It is one of the UK’s top three tourist attractions and generates an estimated
£100 million in economic benefits to London annually.
In 2009 Tate embarked on a major project to develop Tate Modern. Working again
with Herzog & de Meuron, the transformed Tate Modern will make use of the power
station’s spectacular redundant oil tanks, increase gallery space and provide much
improved visitor facilities.
Tate Modern lit up at night, 2000

24. ARTS

25. THEATRE

26. William Shakespeare (1564–1616) was an English poet and playwright, widely
regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent
dramatist. He is often called England's national poet. His works, consist of about 38
plays, 154 sonnets, two long narrative poems, two epitaphs, and several other poems.
His plays have been translated into every major living language and are performed
more often than those of any other playwright.
Comedy History Tragedy Poetry
All's Well That Ends Well
As You Like It
The Comedy of Errors
Cymbeline
Love's Labours Lost
Measure for Measure
The Merry Wives of Windsor
The Merchant of Venice
A Midsummer Night's Dream
Much Ado About Nothing
Pericles, Prince of Tyre
Taming of the Shrew
The Tempest
Troilus and Cressida
Twelfth Night
Two Gentlemen of Verona
Winter's Tale
Henry IV,
part 1
Henry IV,
part 2
Henry V
Henry VI,
part 1
Henry VI,
part 2
Henry VI,
part 3
Henry VIII
King John
Richard II
Richard III
Antony and
Cleopatra
Coriolanus
Hamlet
Julius Caesar
King Lear
Macbeth
Othello
Romeo and Juliet
Timon of Athens
Titus Andronicus
The Sonnets
A Lover's
Complaint
The Rape of
Lucrece
Venus and Adonis
Funeral Elegy by
W.S.

28. London West End
The history of the London West End has been inextricably linked to the theatre for
hundreds of years. From the opening of the first West End venue in Drury Lane in
1663, locals and visitors to the burgeoning capital flocked in their droves to the West
End to be entertained and enthralled by the various shows on offer.
The London theatre tradition has continued to go from strength to strength over the
years, and today the West End is the largest theatre district in the world, with many
major international stars treading the boards night after night.
No other city can boast the same variety and quality of theatrical performances as
London’s West End, and its enduring popularity as a global cultural centre stands as a
ringing endorsement of all it has to offer.

31. MUSIC
SOME LEGENTARY BRIT BANDS

32. AND THE NEWER GENERATION…

33. SPORTS

34. THE GREEK ELEMENT IN LONDON

35. SKYPE INTERVIEW WITH
THE GREEK EMBASSY
IN LONDON
TOPICS DISCUSSED:
•HOW MANY GREEKS LIVE IN LONDON
•HOW THEY INFLUENCE THE LIFE OF
THE CITY
•GREEK SCHOOLS/CHURCHES
•THE GREEK CRISIS AND ITS IMPACT
•DEMOGRAPHIC ELEMENTS

36. 30 Ιανουαρίου
#Ο Καβάφης στο μετρό #Τα πόστερ της ποίησης Το πρότζεκτ Poems on the
Underground τροφοδοτεί τους επιβάτες του λονδρέζικου μετρό με πόστερ
ποίησης. Πρόσφατα προστέθηκαν και οι «Επιθυμίες» του Κ.Π. Καβάφη: Σαν
σώματα ωραία νεκρών που δεν εγέρασαν/ και τάκλεισαν, με δάκρυα, σε
μαυσωλείο λαμπρό,/ με ρόδα στο κεφάλι και στα πόδια γιασεμιά -έτσ’ η
επιθυμίες μοιάζουν που επέρασαν/ χωρίς να εκπληρωθούν· χωρίς ν’ αξιωθεί
καμιά/ της ηδονής μια νύχτα, ή ένα πρωί της φεγγερό. | Βρείτε σχετικές
εκδόσεις Read More for Less Papasotiriou Books & More
http://tinyurl.com/ao3oxug

39. ‘UP GREEK TOURISM’ CAMPAIN
Up Greek Tourism campaign arrives in London
The Up Greek Tourism
initiative has reached London,
where starting on Thursday, a
billboard campaign will go on
display on Piccadilly Circus for
a period of two weeks.
The campaign follows similar
efforts in New York and
Washington in the United
States. The initiative was
established in 2009 by a group of Greek Americans residing in New York as a
reaction to the ongoing Greek debt crisis and the tarnishing of the country’s
image in international media.
In London, the project was developed following the efforts of volunteers who
raised 12,000 pounds sterling through crowdfunding and social media
campaigns.
“We understand that these are financially difficult times and we greatly
appreciate people’s contributions, but most of all we feel touched by their love
for Greece,” said Katerina Spetsiou, project manager for the London campaign.
“Thanks to everyone’s generosity we can contribute to our country’s economy
by helping boost tourism at a time when it’s most needed.”
ekathimerini.com , Wednesday Jan 30, 2013 (12:08)

40. ‘I AM GREEK AND I WANT TO GO HOME’
WORLDWIDE CAMPAIN FOR THE RETURN OF
THE PARTHENON SCULPTURES

42. MULTICULTURALISM

43. FROM THE BRITISH EMPIRE TO TODAY
The British Empire was a global power that contained territories owned by the
United Kingdom. The empire was the largest empire in history, and at its peak
controlled 23% of the world's surface. More than 458 million people were brought
under the control of the British Empire. It was known as the largest colonial empire in
history. (Some people think the Mongol Empire was larger). Today, most of its
members are in the Commonwealth of Nations. The most famous part of the British
Empire was the East India Trading Company, which started out as a small business
before becoming a very large trading company which many people depended on.
Britain was the most powerful country in the world at this time.
In 1588, the forces of Elizabeth I defeated the Spanish Armada, the most powerful
navy in the world, and began its way to an ultimate global empire. In the 17th century,
it started making colonies in North America and India, leading to its conflicts and
total victory over its rivals after Spain's defeat: The Netherlands and France. After the
Anglo-Dutch War and Seven Years' War, Britain occupied almost all the Dutch and
French territories in the New World and Asia. Although the American colonies gained
independence in 1776, it didn't seem to influence the empire. By 1919, after Britain's
victory in World War I, it came to its most prosperous period. People in the 19th
century said that "the sun never sets on the British Empire". But after World War II,
Britain's global empire collapsed.
The British Empire was seen as a "role model" for other nations, most notably
Germany. Germany had a bad habit of starting wars in Europe, in part because they
wanted an Empire like the one that Britain had established. The people of the UK and
Germany are like cousins, and Germany wanted to be successful like Britain.
The British Empire began to decline after World War II, when Britain decided to give
back colonies, known as decolonization. Britain decided to give back nations because
her work was done. The British had taken all the available resources from each
country, the spread of Christianity was complete and the English language was all
over the world. Also, many of the persons the Empire had ruled over wanted to be in
charge of their own country rather than being led by the British from London.
One of the last parts of the British Empire that was alive was Hong Kong, which was
given back to China in 1997. Britain retained its title as a 'Superpower' in 1982 with
the Falkland's War, a War against Argentina over the possession of the Falkland
Islands.
There are currently 14 remaining overseas territories under UK sovereignty

44. THE HISTORY OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE

45. GANDHI
Gandhi was one of the most important people involved in the movement for the
independence of India. He was a non-violent activist, who led the independence
movement through a non-violent protest.
When Gandhi was 18 years old, he went to England to study law. After he became a
lawyer, he went to the British colony of South Africa where he experienced laws that
said people with dark skin had fewer rights than people with light skin. He decided
then to become a political activist, so he could help change these unfair laws. He
created a powerful, non-violent movement. When he returned to India, he helped
cause India's independence from British rule, inspiring other colonial peoples to work
for their own independence, break up the British Empire, and replace it with the
Commonwealth. He died asssinated by a Hindu fanatic

46. DECOLONISATION
IMMIGRATION
MULTICULTURALISM

47. Multiculturalism is a word that describes a society where many different cultures
live together.
In a multicultural society, there is not an official (decided by the people in charge)
culture that every person must be a part of. Instead, all cultures are respected as much
as each other.
In general, a multicultural society is formed when people from many different
countries all migrate to one place. But such society can exist only by tolerance and by
the combat against xenophobia.
London is a linguistically rich and diverse community.
Londoners report speaking 48 different
languages and identify ancestral origins from 144 distinct ethno‐cultural backgrounds.
The top five fastest growing major language groups within the city are: (1) Hindi
[59%], (2) Spanish [49%], (3)Croatian [33%], (4) Russian [24%] and, (5) Arabic and
Chinese [Tied ‐22%].
Polish is now the main language spoken in England after English, according to 2011
census data

50. HENOPHOBIA HOSTILITY
RACIAL
DISCRIMINATION
CULTURAL
ISOLATION
V I O L E N C E

51. 7 July 2005 London bombings
Emergency services at Russell Square tube station on
7 July 2005
Location
Aboard London Underground trains
and a bus in central London
Date
7 July 2005
08:50 – 09:47 BST (UTC+01:00)
Target General public
Attack type Mass murder; suicide attack; terrorism
Deaths 52 + 4 bombers
Injured Approximately 700
Perpetrators
Hasib Hussain
Mohammad Sidique Khan
Germaine Lindsay
Shehzad Tanweer

52. CHARACTERISTICS OF A
SOCIETY
 TOLERANCE
 RESPECT
 INTERACTION OF CULTURES
 COOPERATION
 EQUALITY
 EDUCATION
 FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION

54. The Cultural Diversity of London
London is one of the most cosmopolitan cities in the world. The mix of cultural
traditions and beliefs that add to the atmosphere of London is electrifying.
Cultural Experiences
The Proms is a quintessentially English tradition,consisting of eight weeks of classical
concerts held in concert halls across the United Kingdom throughout the summer
months. The last night of the Proms, at the Royal Albert Hall in London, is an
overture to classical music and British artists and composers. London would not have
its flair without the Royal traditions like the changing of guards at Buckingham palace
or the grand celebrations of the Queens official and unofficial birthday, with parades
by the Queens guards.
The London carnival celebrates the Caribbean heritage and their contribution to
London and UK culture since the 1960's. On Saint Patrick’s Day London lights up,
and the Irish community in London goes all out to bring the Spirit of Saint Patrick’s
Day to London. Not to forget Guy Fawkes Night and the Indian Festival of Light
called Diwali that are the highlight in November. Ramadan and the mosques calling to
daily prayer are familiar sounds.
Diversity of Food from the World
A great way to experience London's cultural diversity is to explore the vast variety of
foods and delicatessen that are available in thousands of restaurants in London. There
is nothing you cannot find in London! - An array of restaurants ranging from Chinese
in China Town (Leicester Square), Indian in Brick Lane, Lebanese in Edgware Road,
Turkish in Mare Street and Nigerian on Old Kent Road.
Heritage
The cultural mix and heritage of London demonstrates that a diverse mixture of
people can live together in a respectful manner in order to prosper. This is great
achievement that allows every individual to protect their identity and right to freely
exercise culture and religion.
London would not be London without its diverse mixtures of cultures under the
umbrella of a strong British heritage. London could not be London, without
Buckingham Palace, demonstrations in front of Houses of Parliament, Carnival,
Mosques in Swiss Cottage, the Irish Pubs, parties and festivals in Hyde Park, Art
exhibitions in the East End showcasing creative talent in Brick Lane and Shoreditch,
the Chelsea Flower show and Museums that hold the greatest art works from around
the world.
London culture is fluid with a continuous amalgamation of people from different
countries to create a vibrant city that is open to change but upholds cultural traditions.

57. ARTICRAFTS

58. 1. OUR FACEBOOK PAGE
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Multiculturalism in London
A project for a course I did, again please be kind. :-)
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I AM GREEK AND I WANT TO GO HOME - Official Slideshow Trailer
4. Project 1 : London
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59. 2. OUR POSTERS

61. OUR TEAM
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Η ΥΠΕΥΘΥΝΗ ΚΑΘΗΓΗΤΡΙΑ
ΓΡΙΒΑ ΚΩΝ/ΝΑ

62. BIBLIOGRAPHY
 Ian Jenkins – The Parthenon Sculptures
 Revel Golden – London, Portrait of a City
 Christopher Winn – I never knew that about London
 Top 10 London
 www.britishmuseum.org
 www.nationalgallery.org.uk
 www.nhm.oc.uk
 www.wikipedia.com
 www.tate.org.uk
 www.shakespearsglobe.com
 www.bbc.co.uk
 www.ekathimerini.com
 www.guardian.co.uk
 www.eugreeka.com

63. T H E E N D