The commonly used oxygen delivery systems available for use in children/adults are described with pictures. Indications and side effects of oxygen therapy are also outlined.

1. Oxygen Delivery Devices
Dr.Yusuf Imran

2. Indications for Oxygen therapy
Treatment of documented hypoxia/hypoxemia determined by SpO2 or PaO2.
Treatment of an acute/emergency situation
• Dypnoea, tachypnea, bradypnoea, apnea
• Pallor, Cyanosis
• Use of accessory muscles (nasal flaring, intercostal/subcostal retraction, tracheal
tug)
• Shock/Hemorrhage/Seizures/Hypothermia/Resuscitation
Short term therapy
• Post anaesthesia
• Post surgery
Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

3. Oxygen : Side effects
• Physical risks- fire, injury to nose, dryness/crusting.
• Functional risks- hypoventilation and CO2 retention (eg COPD)
• Cytotoxic damage (FiO2>60%) - fibrotic changes in lungs on long term use
(free radical injury)
• Pulmonary Atelectasis
• Retinopathy of prematurity
Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

4. Simple Oxygen mask
• Delivers humidified oxygen (aerosol adapter can be added)
• Minimum flow rate 6 l/min (to clear exhaled CO2 from mask)
• Approx O2 conc- 6L=40%, 7L=50%, 8L=60%.
Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

5. Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

6. Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

7. Venturi Mask
• Delivers Humidified oxygen
• FiO2 is set by entrainment dial on mask
• Low conc- 24%, 26%, 28%, 31%
• High conc – 35%, 40%, 50%, 60%
Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

8. Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

9. Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

10. Non Rebreathing Mask
• Used for high FiO2 delivery in emergency
• FiO2 range 60 to 100%
• Reservoir bag is used to provide up to 100 % FiO2.
• Flap valves minimize entrainment of room air.
• Flow rate is adjusted according to patients respiratory pattern to keep the
reservoir bag inflated.
Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

11. Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

12. Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

13. Oxygen hood
• Delivers humidified oxygen to patients weighing <15 kg.
• FiO2 range upto 90-100%.
• Minimum flow rate 8-10 l/min (to clear exhaled CO2 from the hood)
• Oxygen analyzer can be used to measure FiO2.
Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

14. Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

15. Nasal Cannula
• Delivers humidified oxygen
• Nasal passages must be patent
• FiO2 depends on the flow rate
• Can be used to provide CPAP in infants
• Infants Adults
¼ L - 35 % 1 L - 24%
½ L - 45 % 3 L - 32%
1 L - 55% 6 L - 44%
Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

16. Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

17. FaceTent
• Loose fit under the chin for patient comfort, speaking etc.
• Maximum FiO2 = 40-50 %
• Oxygen conc is unstable
• Minimum flow rate 8 L/min
Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

18. Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

19. Tracheostomy Mask
• Delivers heated, humidified Oxygen or air
• FiO2 is set by dial on blender
• Maximum FiO2 = 40-60 %
• Minimum flow rate = 8 L/min
Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

20. Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India

21. ThankYou
Dr Yusuf Imran, J.N.M.C, AMU, India