SlideShare une entreprise Scribd logo
1  sur  50
Télécharger pour lire hors ligne
SCREENING

Prepared By Dr. Anees AlSaadi
CMT-P R4
December 2013
1
SCREENING
• Outline:
– Definition of Screening.
– Differentiation between Screening and Diagnostic test?
– Uses/Purpose of Screening.
– Types and Examples of Screening test.
– Criteria for successful screening program.
– Relation ship between sensitivity and specify.
– Risk of Screening.
2
How We Can Define Screening ….?

3
Definition
The early detection of:
– Disease
– Precursors of Disease
– Susceptibility to Disease
In individuals who do not show any signs of
disease.

4
Definition
The presumptive identification of those who
probably have disease from those who do not
have

by
means of rapidly applied tests in apparently
healthy individuals.
5
Definition

6
Definition

Screening
7
How we can Differentiate Between
Screening and Diagnostic Tests ….?

8
Differentiate Between Screening and
Diagnostic Tests
Screening

Diagnostic

Asymptomatic

Suggestive clinical picture

Large group

Single subject

Less accurate

Accurate

Not conclusive

Conclusive

Less expensive

Expensive

Not basic for treatment

Basic to treatment
9
What are the Uses of Screening ….?

10
Uses of Screening
Uses of Screening
Case Detection

Perspective Screening

Case / Disease Control

Prospective Screening

Research

Natural History of Disease

Health Education

Public Awareness

11
Purpose of Screening
• Reducing disease burden.

• Classifying people to likelihood of having a
particular disease.
• Mean of identifying high risk groups who
warrant further evaluation.
12
Screening Process

13
Types of Screening Test

What are the Type of Screening Tests …?

14
Types Of Screening
Test

Types of Screening Test
Mass
High Risk
Multiphasic
15
Types of Screening Test
Population Approach
Not Cost Effective
Potential To Alter The Root Cause Of Disease
Large Chance To Reduce Disease Incidence
Small Benefit To The Individual
Poor Subject Motivation
Large Chance Of Reducing Disease Incidence
16
Types of Screening Test
High Risk Strategy
F a i l s To
D eal With
Root Cause
Of Disease.

17
Can You Give Some Examples For
Screening Tests … ?

18
Examples for Screening Tests
Infancy

Pregnancy

Elderly

Adults

Growth Charts

Weight

Cancers

Lipid profile

Metabolic
Screening

CBC

Depression

Blood pressure

Hearing Test

Blood sugar

Vitamin
deficiencies

BMI

19
Criteria For Successful Screening Test:

Criteria for
Disease
Successful
Screening
Criteria for Test
20
Criteria For Successful Screening Test:
• Criteria for Disease:
– Present in population screened.
– High burden &of high public health concern.
– Screening +Intervention must improve
outcome.
– Known natural history of the disease.
21
Criteria For Successful Screening Test:
• Criteria for Test:
– Reliable.
– Valid.
– Simple and inexpensive.
– Very safe.
– Acceptable to subjects and providers.
– Cost-effective.
– Exit strategy.
22
Criteria For Successful Screening Test:
• Exit strategy:
• Facilities for diagnosis and appropriate
treatments should be available for positive
subjects.
• Ethically not acceptable to offer screening
without available management.

23
Criteria For Successful Screening Test:
What Is The Definition Of
Reliability ?

• RELIABILTY:
What Are The Causes Of
Unreliability ?

24
Criteria For Successful Screening Test:
Definition of Reliability:
– Repeatability, Reducibility, Precision.
– Getting the same results, when the test
repeated in same target individuals in the
same settings.

25
Criteria For Successful Screening Test:
Causes of unreliability:
– Observer variation.
– Subject variation – Biological.
– Technical method error variation.

26
Criteria For Successful Screening Test:
• ACCEPTABILITY:
– The test should not be:
• Painful.
• Unsafe.
• Discomforting /Embarrassing.
• Socially/ believes not accepted.

27
Criteria For Successful Screening Test:

VALIDITY:
Ability of the test to distinguish between who
has the diseases and who does not.

28
Sensitivity

Yield

Validity

Specificity

Predictive
Value
29
DISEASE

TOTAL

TEST

a+b

Test -ve c

TOTAL

Diseased No disease
Test +ve a
b
d

c+d

b+d

a+b+c+d

a+c

30
Sensitivity

DISEASE

TOTAL

Ability of the test
to truly identify
those who have
the disease

TOTAL

True
Positive

Test
+ve

a

b

a+b

Test
-ve

TEST

Diseased

No
disease

c

d

c+d

a+c

b+d

a+b+c
+d

Sensitivity=
a/(a+c)

31
Sensitivity

[[A 90% Sensitivity means that 90% of the diseased
people screened by the test will give a “true
positive” and the remaining 10% a “false negative
results”]]
Positive test
and have the
disease.

Negative test
and have the
disease.

32
Specificity

DISEASE

Diseased

TOTAL

True
Negative

No
disease

Test
+ve

a

b

a+b

Test
-ve

TEST

The ability of the test
to correctly identify
those who do not
really have the disease

TOTAL

c

d

c+d

a+c

b+d

a+b+c
+d

Specificity=
d/(b+d)
33
Specificity

[[A 90% Specificity means that 90% of the non
diseased people screened by the test will give a “true
negative” result, and the remaining 10% a “false
negative results”]]

Negative test and do
not have the disease.

Negative test and have the
disease.
34
• False Positive error rate= (1-specificity)

• False Negative error rate = (1-sensitivity)

35
Assume a population of 1,000 people 100 have a disease 900
do not have the disease A screening test is used to identify the
100 people with the disease

Sensitivity = 80/ 100 X 100= 80%
Specificity = 800/ 900 X 100 = 88%

36
Practical Example
EEG Results

Brain Tumor
Present

Absent

Positive

36

54,000

Negative

4

306,000

Total

40

360,000

Sensitivity = 36/40 X 100 = 90%
Specificity = 306,000/360,000 X 100 = 85%
37
DISEASE

TEST

Diseased

TOTAL

TOTAL
No disease

Test +ve a (True Positive)

b (false Positive)

a+b

Test -ve c (false Negative)

d (True Negative)

c+d

b+d

a+b+c+d

a+c

38
Predictive value
DISEASE

TOTAL

Diseased

Negative
Predictive value

Proportion of
Individuals with
positive test really
have the disease

TOTAL
PPV=a/(a+b)

Test
+ve

a

b

a+b

Test
-ve

Proportion of
Individuals with
negative test really
have no disease

TEST

Positive
Predictive value

No
disease

c

d

c+d

a+c

b+d

a+b+c
+d

NPV= d/(c+d)

39
Practical Example
Screening Test
Results

Diagnosis

Total

Positive
Negative

Diseased
40
100

Not Diseases
20
9840

60
9940

Total

140

9860

10,000

Sensitivity = 40/140 X100 = 28.57%
Specificity = 9840/9860 X100 =99.79%
Positive predictive value = 40/60X100 = 66.66%
Negative predictive value = 9840/9940X100 = 98.9%
40
Effects on Predictive Value
Prevalence Increases

PPV Increases; NPV Decreases

Prevalence Decreases

PPV Decreases; NPV Increases

Specificity Increases

PPV Increases

Sensitivity Increases

NPV Increases
41
Yield –the amount of previously unrecognized
disease that is diagnosed and brought to treatment as
a result of the screening program.

42
Practical Exercise

43
What is better a test with high sensitivity
or with high specificity…?

44
Relation Between Sensitivity &
Specificity

Sensitivity

Specificity

False
Positive

45
Relation Between Sensitivity &
Specificity

Specificity

Sensitivity

False
Negative

46
Relation Between Sensitivity &
Specificity

47
What
about
Risk of
Screening …?
48
Risk of Screening
True
Positive
Labelling
Effect

False
Positive

False
Negative

Anxiety

Delayed
Diagnosis

Fear From
Future Test

Delayed
Intervention

Monetary
Expenses

Complications
49
50

Contenu connexe

Tendances

Epidemiological methods
Epidemiological methodsEpidemiological methods
Epidemiological methodsBhoj Raj Singh
 
Types of epidemics and epidemic investigations
Types of epidemics and epidemic investigationsTypes of epidemics and epidemic investigations
Types of epidemics and epidemic investigationsTarek Tawfik Amin
 
Measurements in epidemiology
Measurements in epidemiologyMeasurements in epidemiology
Measurements in epidemiologyRizwan S A
 
Case control & cohort study
Case control & cohort studyCase control & cohort study
Case control & cohort studyBhumika Bhatt
 
Aims, Objective, Concept of Screening
Aims, Objective, Concept of ScreeningAims, Objective, Concept of Screening
Aims, Objective, Concept of ScreeningDr. Abraham Mallela
 
Measurements of morbidity and mortality
Measurements of morbidity and mortalityMeasurements of morbidity and mortality
Measurements of morbidity and mortalityJayaramachandran S
 
Bias and confounding
Bias and confoundingBias and confounding
Bias and confoundingIkram Ullah
 
Concepts of Screening for disease
Concepts of Screening for diseaseConcepts of Screening for disease
Concepts of Screening for diseaseMohan Jangwal
 
outbreak investigation - types of epidemics and investigating them
outbreak investigation - types of epidemics and investigating themoutbreak investigation - types of epidemics and investigating them
outbreak investigation - types of epidemics and investigating themTimiresh Das
 
Screening vs Diagnostic Tests & Concept of lead Time
Screening vs Diagnostic Tests & Concept of lead TimeScreening vs Diagnostic Tests & Concept of lead Time
Screening vs Diagnostic Tests & Concept of lead TimeDr. Abraham Mallela
 
Screening and diagnostic tests
Screening and diagnostic testsScreening and diagnostic tests
Screening and diagnostic testsBharat Paul
 

Tendances (20)

Incidence And Prevalence
Incidence And PrevalenceIncidence And Prevalence
Incidence And Prevalence
 
Screening
ScreeningScreening
Screening
 
Epidemic investigation
Epidemic investigationEpidemic investigation
Epidemic investigation
 
Epidemiological methods
Epidemiological methodsEpidemiological methods
Epidemiological methods
 
Types of epidemics and epidemic investigations
Types of epidemics and epidemic investigationsTypes of epidemics and epidemic investigations
Types of epidemics and epidemic investigations
 
Measurements in epidemiology
Measurements in epidemiologyMeasurements in epidemiology
Measurements in epidemiology
 
Prevalence and incidence
Prevalence and incidencePrevalence and incidence
Prevalence and incidence
 
Case control & cohort study
Case control & cohort studyCase control & cohort study
Case control & cohort study
 
Aims, Objective, Concept of Screening
Aims, Objective, Concept of ScreeningAims, Objective, Concept of Screening
Aims, Objective, Concept of Screening
 
Measurements of morbidity and mortality
Measurements of morbidity and mortalityMeasurements of morbidity and mortality
Measurements of morbidity and mortality
 
Bias and confounding
Bias and confoundingBias and confounding
Bias and confounding
 
Concepts of Screening for disease
Concepts of Screening for diseaseConcepts of Screening for disease
Concepts of Screening for disease
 
Outbreak investigation steps
Outbreak investigation stepsOutbreak investigation steps
Outbreak investigation steps
 
Descriptive epidemiology
Descriptive epidemiologyDescriptive epidemiology
Descriptive epidemiology
 
outbreak investigation - types of epidemics and investigating them
outbreak investigation - types of epidemics and investigating themoutbreak investigation - types of epidemics and investigating them
outbreak investigation - types of epidemics and investigating them
 
Screening vs Diagnostic Tests & Concept of lead Time
Screening vs Diagnostic Tests & Concept of lead TimeScreening vs Diagnostic Tests & Concept of lead Time
Screening vs Diagnostic Tests & Concept of lead Time
 
Introduction to epidemiology
Introduction to epidemiologyIntroduction to epidemiology
Introduction to epidemiology
 
Screening and diagnostic tests
Screening and diagnostic testsScreening and diagnostic tests
Screening and diagnostic tests
 
Measuring Disease Frequency
Measuring Disease FrequencyMeasuring Disease Frequency
Measuring Disease Frequency
 
Case Control Study
Case Control StudyCase Control Study
Case Control Study
 

En vedette

Iceberg phenomena by dr najeeb memon
Iceberg phenomena by dr najeeb memonIceberg phenomena by dr najeeb memon
Iceberg phenomena by dr najeeb memonmuhammed najeeb
 
Screening ppt
Screening pptScreening ppt
Screening pptaradhna5
 
Waste Management
Waste ManagementWaste Management
Waste Managementvishakeb
 
Health education power point
Health education power pointHealth education power point
Health education power pointNursing Path
 
PANEL DISCUSSION
PANEL  DISCUSSIONPANEL  DISCUSSION
PANEL DISCUSSIONJEENA AEJY
 
Health Education
Health EducationHealth Education
Health Educationshabeel pn
 

En vedette (10)

Iceberg phenomena by dr najeeb memon
Iceberg phenomena by dr najeeb memonIceberg phenomena by dr najeeb memon
Iceberg phenomena by dr najeeb memon
 
Screening ppt
Screening pptScreening ppt
Screening ppt
 
Health education
Health educationHealth education
Health education
 
Iceberg of disease
Iceberg of diseaseIceberg of disease
Iceberg of disease
 
Waste Management
Waste ManagementWaste Management
Waste Management
 
DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY
DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGYDESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY
DESCRIPTIVE EPIDEMIOLOGY
 
Health education power point
Health education power pointHealth education power point
Health education power point
 
Epidemiology ppt
Epidemiology pptEpidemiology ppt
Epidemiology ppt
 
PANEL DISCUSSION
PANEL  DISCUSSIONPANEL  DISCUSSION
PANEL DISCUSSION
 
Health Education
Health EducationHealth Education
Health Education
 

Similaire à Screening

screening-140217071714-phpapp02.pdf
screening-140217071714-phpapp02.pdfscreening-140217071714-phpapp02.pdf
screening-140217071714-phpapp02.pdfSYEDZIYADFURQAN
 
screening for diseases.pptx . ...
screening for diseases.pptx .             ...screening for diseases.pptx .             ...
screening for diseases.pptx . ...AkshayBadore2
 
8 screening.pptxscreening.pptxscreening.
8 screening.pptxscreening.pptxscreening.8 screening.pptxscreening.pptxscreening.
8 screening.pptxscreening.pptxscreening.Wasihun Aragie
 
Evidence based diagnosis
Evidence based diagnosisEvidence based diagnosis
Evidence based diagnosisHesham Al-Inany
 
Screening in biomedical sciences ‫‬
Screening in biomedical sciences ‫‬Screening in biomedical sciences ‫‬
Screening in biomedical sciences ‫‬Dr Abbas Assayed
 
CAT 1 -MPH 5101 - FOUNDATIONS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (1).pptx
CAT 1 -MPH 5101 -  FOUNDATIONS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY  (1).pptxCAT 1 -MPH 5101 -  FOUNDATIONS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY  (1).pptx
CAT 1 -MPH 5101 - FOUNDATIONS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (1).pptxShafici Almis
 
Dr Amit Diagnostic Tests.pptx
Dr Amit Diagnostic Tests.pptxDr Amit Diagnostic Tests.pptx
Dr Amit Diagnostic Tests.pptxAmitBhondve3
 
Screening test (basic concepts)
Screening test (basic concepts)Screening test (basic concepts)
Screening test (basic concepts)Tarek Tawfik Amin
 
Epcm l9(new) screening for diseases
Epcm l9(new) screening for diseasesEpcm l9(new) screening for diseases
Epcm l9(new) screening for diseasesDr Ghaiath Hussein
 
7 Lecture 8 Outbrek invesitgation.pptx
7 Lecture 8 Outbrek invesitgation.pptx7 Lecture 8 Outbrek invesitgation.pptx
7 Lecture 8 Outbrek invesitgation.pptxmergawekwaya
 
Session%207-Testing%20and%20Screening.pdf.pdf
Session%207-Testing%20and%20Screening.pdf.pdfSession%207-Testing%20and%20Screening.pdf.pdf
Session%207-Testing%20and%20Screening.pdf.pdfEddytzOfficial
 
Disease screening and screening test validity
Disease screening and screening test validityDisease screening and screening test validity
Disease screening and screening test validityTampiwaChebani
 
Screening in Ophthalmology
Screening in OphthalmologyScreening in Ophthalmology
Screening in OphthalmologyMahamudAdnan
 

Similaire à Screening (20)

screening-140217071714-phpapp02.pdf
screening-140217071714-phpapp02.pdfscreening-140217071714-phpapp02.pdf
screening-140217071714-phpapp02.pdf
 
screening for diseases.pptx . ...
screening for diseases.pptx .             ...screening for diseases.pptx .             ...
screening for diseases.pptx . ...
 
8 screening.pptxscreening.pptxscreening.
8 screening.pptxscreening.pptxscreening.8 screening.pptxscreening.pptxscreening.
8 screening.pptxscreening.pptxscreening.
 
Evidence based diagnosis
Evidence based diagnosisEvidence based diagnosis
Evidence based diagnosis
 
Screening for diseases
Screening for diseasesScreening for diseases
Screening for diseases
 
Screening in biomedical sciences ‫‬
Screening in biomedical sciences ‫‬Screening in biomedical sciences ‫‬
Screening in biomedical sciences ‫‬
 
CAT 1 -MPH 5101 - FOUNDATIONS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (1).pptx
CAT 1 -MPH 5101 -  FOUNDATIONS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY  (1).pptxCAT 1 -MPH 5101 -  FOUNDATIONS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY  (1).pptx
CAT 1 -MPH 5101 - FOUNDATIONS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY (1).pptx
 
Dr Amit Diagnostic Tests.pptx
Dr Amit Diagnostic Tests.pptxDr Amit Diagnostic Tests.pptx
Dr Amit Diagnostic Tests.pptx
 
Screening tests
Screening  testsScreening  tests
Screening tests
 
Screening test (basic concepts)
Screening test (basic concepts)Screening test (basic concepts)
Screening test (basic concepts)
 
Epcm l9(new) screening for diseases
Epcm l9(new) screening for diseasesEpcm l9(new) screening for diseases
Epcm l9(new) screening for diseases
 
7 Lecture 8 Outbrek invesitgation.pptx
7 Lecture 8 Outbrek invesitgation.pptx7 Lecture 8 Outbrek invesitgation.pptx
7 Lecture 8 Outbrek invesitgation.pptx
 
Session%207-Testing%20and%20Screening.pdf.pdf
Session%207-Testing%20and%20Screening.pdf.pdfSession%207-Testing%20and%20Screening.pdf.pdf
Session%207-Testing%20and%20Screening.pdf.pdf
 
Disease screening and screening test validity
Disease screening and screening test validityDisease screening and screening test validity
Disease screening and screening test validity
 
Evidence Based Diagnosis
Evidence Based DiagnosisEvidence Based Diagnosis
Evidence Based Diagnosis
 
Screening in Ophthalmology
Screening in OphthalmologyScreening in Ophthalmology
Screening in Ophthalmology
 
SCREENING TESTS
SCREENING TESTSSCREENING TESTS
SCREENING TESTS
 
Screening of diseases
Screening of diseasesScreening of diseases
Screening of diseases
 
10 Screening.ppt
10 Screening.ppt10 Screening.ppt
10 Screening.ppt
 
10 Screening.ppt
10 Screening.ppt10 Screening.ppt
10 Screening.ppt
 

Plus de Dr. Anees Alyafei

Prevalence of cvd risk factors among qatari patients with type 2 diabetes mel...
Prevalence of cvd risk factors among qatari patients with type 2 diabetes mel...Prevalence of cvd risk factors among qatari patients with type 2 diabetes mel...
Prevalence of cvd risk factors among qatari patients with type 2 diabetes mel...Dr. Anees Alyafei
 
The influence of regular physical exercise on the advanced glycation end prod...
The influence of regular physical exercise on the advanced glycation end prod...The influence of regular physical exercise on the advanced glycation end prod...
The influence of regular physical exercise on the advanced glycation end prod...Dr. Anees Alyafei
 
Effect of regular physical exercise on the progression of of erectile dysfunc...
Effect of regular physical exercise on the progression of of erectile dysfunc...Effect of regular physical exercise on the progression of of erectile dysfunc...
Effect of regular physical exercise on the progression of of erectile dysfunc...Dr. Anees Alyafei
 
Continuity of care at the primary health care level narrative review
Continuity of care at the primary health care level narrative reviewContinuity of care at the primary health care level narrative review
Continuity of care at the primary health care level narrative reviewDr. Anees Alyafei
 
Review on the effect of regular physical exercise on the diabetic peripheral ...
Review on the effect of regular physical exercise on the diabetic peripheral ...Review on the effect of regular physical exercise on the diabetic peripheral ...
Review on the effect of regular physical exercise on the diabetic peripheral ...Dr. Anees Alyafei
 
Barriers and facilitators for regular physical exercise among adult females n...
Barriers and facilitators for regular physical exercise among adult females n...Barriers and facilitators for regular physical exercise among adult females n...
Barriers and facilitators for regular physical exercise among adult females n...Dr. Anees Alyafei
 
Assessment of cardiovascular disease risk among qatari patients with type 2 p...
Assessment of cardiovascular disease risk among qatari patients with type 2 p...Assessment of cardiovascular disease risk among qatari patients with type 2 p...
Assessment of cardiovascular disease risk among qatari patients with type 2 p...Dr. Anees Alyafei
 
Physical activity terminology (2)
Physical activity terminology (2)Physical activity terminology (2)
Physical activity terminology (2)Dr. Anees Alyafei
 
Physical Activity Terminology 1
Physical Activity Terminology 1Physical Activity Terminology 1
Physical Activity Terminology 1Dr. Anees Alyafei
 
Health education principles and concepts
Health education principles and conceptsHealth education principles and concepts
Health education principles and conceptsDr. Anees Alyafei
 
Social determinants of health
Social determinants of healthSocial determinants of health
Social determinants of healthDr. Anees Alyafei
 
Situation analysis of a Health Problem
Situation analysis of a Health Problem Situation analysis of a Health Problem
Situation analysis of a Health Problem Dr. Anees Alyafei
 
Metabolic syndrome in Community Medicine
Metabolic syndrome in Community Medicine Metabolic syndrome in Community Medicine
Metabolic syndrome in Community Medicine Dr. Anees Alyafei
 

Plus de Dr. Anees Alyafei (20)

Prevalence of cvd risk factors among qatari patients with type 2 diabetes mel...
Prevalence of cvd risk factors among qatari patients with type 2 diabetes mel...Prevalence of cvd risk factors among qatari patients with type 2 diabetes mel...
Prevalence of cvd risk factors among qatari patients with type 2 diabetes mel...
 
The influence of regular physical exercise on the advanced glycation end prod...
The influence of regular physical exercise on the advanced glycation end prod...The influence of regular physical exercise on the advanced glycation end prod...
The influence of regular physical exercise on the advanced glycation end prod...
 
Effect of regular physical exercise on the progression of of erectile dysfunc...
Effect of regular physical exercise on the progression of of erectile dysfunc...Effect of regular physical exercise on the progression of of erectile dysfunc...
Effect of regular physical exercise on the progression of of erectile dysfunc...
 
Continuity of care at the primary health care level narrative review
Continuity of care at the primary health care level narrative reviewContinuity of care at the primary health care level narrative review
Continuity of care at the primary health care level narrative review
 
Review on the effect of regular physical exercise on the diabetic peripheral ...
Review on the effect of regular physical exercise on the diabetic peripheral ...Review on the effect of regular physical exercise on the diabetic peripheral ...
Review on the effect of regular physical exercise on the diabetic peripheral ...
 
Barriers and facilitators for regular physical exercise among adult females n...
Barriers and facilitators for regular physical exercise among adult females n...Barriers and facilitators for regular physical exercise among adult females n...
Barriers and facilitators for regular physical exercise among adult females n...
 
Assessment of cardiovascular disease risk among qatari patients with type 2 p...
Assessment of cardiovascular disease risk among qatari patients with type 2 p...Assessment of cardiovascular disease risk among qatari patients with type 2 p...
Assessment of cardiovascular disease risk among qatari patients with type 2 p...
 
Physical activity terminology (2)
Physical activity terminology (2)Physical activity terminology (2)
Physical activity terminology (2)
 
Physical Activity Terminology 1
Physical Activity Terminology 1Physical Activity Terminology 1
Physical Activity Terminology 1
 
Colon cancer
Colon cancerColon cancer
Colon cancer
 
Health education principles and concepts
Health education principles and conceptsHealth education principles and concepts
Health education principles and concepts
 
Social determinants of health
Social determinants of healthSocial determinants of health
Social determinants of health
 
Measuring of risk
Measuring of riskMeasuring of risk
Measuring of risk
 
Dscriptive statistics
Dscriptive statisticsDscriptive statistics
Dscriptive statistics
 
Analytic studies
Analytic studiesAnalytic studies
Analytic studies
 
Situation analysis of a Health Problem
Situation analysis of a Health Problem Situation analysis of a Health Problem
Situation analysis of a Health Problem
 
Metabolic syndrome in Community Medicine
Metabolic syndrome in Community Medicine Metabolic syndrome in Community Medicine
Metabolic syndrome in Community Medicine
 
Surveillance
SurveillanceSurveillance
Surveillance
 
Medical errors
Medical errorsMedical errors
Medical errors
 
Arsenic
ArsenicArsenic
Arsenic
 

Dernier

ANATOMY OF CEREBELLUM With Clinical Anatomy.pptx
ANATOMY OF CEREBELLUM With Clinical Anatomy.pptxANATOMY OF CEREBELLUM With Clinical Anatomy.pptx
ANATOMY OF CEREBELLUM With Clinical Anatomy.pptxsiddharthroy26587
 
Thyroid function tests for MBBS, LAB. MED & BDS.pptx
Thyroid function tests for MBBS, LAB. MED & BDS.pptxThyroid function tests for MBBS, LAB. MED & BDS.pptx
Thyroid function tests for MBBS, LAB. MED & BDS.pptxRajendra Dev Bhatt
 
ANATOMY OF THE CEREBRUM WITH CLINICAL ANATOMY.pptx
ANATOMY OF THE CEREBRUM WITH CLINICAL ANATOMY.pptxANATOMY OF THE CEREBRUM WITH CLINICAL ANATOMY.pptx
ANATOMY OF THE CEREBRUM WITH CLINICAL ANATOMY.pptxsiddharthroy26587
 
Reproductive and Child Health Services ppt.pptx
Reproductive and Child Health Services ppt.pptxReproductive and Child Health Services ppt.pptx
Reproductive and Child Health Services ppt.pptxVeereshDemashetti
 
Substance use disorder (drug addict ), Addiction
Substance use disorder (drug addict ), AddictionSubstance use disorder (drug addict ), Addiction
Substance use disorder (drug addict ), AddictionZeinabEmad3
 
Tracheostomy .pdf ENT by QuickMedTALK. getting things done on time
Tracheostomy .pdf ENT by QuickMedTALK. getting things done on timeTracheostomy .pdf ENT by QuickMedTALK. getting things done on time
Tracheostomy .pdf ENT by QuickMedTALK. getting things done on timeQuick MedTalk
 
SGK BỆNH LÝ GOUT YHN hay lắm nha aaaa.pdf
SGK BỆNH LÝ GOUT YHN hay lắm nha aaaa.pdfSGK BỆNH LÝ GOUT YHN hay lắm nha aaaa.pdf
SGK BỆNH LÝ GOUT YHN hay lắm nha aaaa.pdfHongBiThi1
 
Ayurveda research in Hypothyroidism, P
Ayurveda  research  in Hypothyroidism, PAyurveda  research  in Hypothyroidism, P
Ayurveda research in Hypothyroidism, PDr.Shalu Jain
 
bleeding disorders 1 Dr.Nannika Pradhan
bleeding disorders 1  Dr.Nannika Pradhanbleeding disorders 1  Dr.Nannika Pradhan
bleeding disorders 1 Dr.Nannika Pradhanthesalberry
 
Neutraceuticals, Herb-drug & Herb-food inetractions
Neutraceuticals, Herb-drug & Herb-food inetractionsNeutraceuticals, Herb-drug & Herb-food inetractions
Neutraceuticals, Herb-drug & Herb-food inetractionsPradnya Wadekar
 
Neurological Evaluation of Acute Ischemic stroke in Emergency Room
Neurological Evaluation of Acute Ischemic stroke in Emergency RoomNeurological Evaluation of Acute Ischemic stroke in Emergency Room
Neurological Evaluation of Acute Ischemic stroke in Emergency RoomSudhir Kumar
 
TARGET DELINEATION IN RECTUM CANCER BY DR KANHU
TARGET DELINEATION IN RECTUM  CANCER BY DR KANHUTARGET DELINEATION IN RECTUM  CANCER BY DR KANHU
TARGET DELINEATION IN RECTUM CANCER BY DR KANHUKanhu Charan
 
CANCER SeminarCancer Overview Type of Cancer.pptx
CANCER SeminarCancer Overview  Type of Cancer.pptxCANCER SeminarCancer Overview  Type of Cancer.pptx
CANCER SeminarCancer Overview Type of Cancer.pptxMrStavanUdayKadam
 
Range of Secondary Electrons and Electron Build-Up: Impact on Scatter in Homo...
Range of Secondary Electrons and Electron Build-Up: Impact on Scatter in Homo...Range of Secondary Electrons and Electron Build-Up: Impact on Scatter in Homo...
Range of Secondary Electrons and Electron Build-Up: Impact on Scatter in Homo...Dr. Dheeraj Kumar
 
CELL BLOCK PREPARATION AND ITS IMPORTANCE
CELL BLOCK PREPARATION AND ITS IMPORTANCECELL BLOCK PREPARATION AND ITS IMPORTANCE
CELL BLOCK PREPARATION AND ITS IMPORTANCEShubhadip Ghosh
 
SMA Implementation science seminar (Day 1).pptx
SMA Implementation science seminar (Day 1).pptxSMA Implementation science seminar (Day 1).pptx
SMA Implementation science seminar (Day 1).pptxAbdirahmanWaseem
 
Human Skeletal System_By Anupam Das......
Human Skeletal System_By Anupam Das......Human Skeletal System_By Anupam Das......
Human Skeletal System_By Anupam Das......anupamdas2143
 
Spinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptx
Spinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptxSpinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptx
Spinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptxsiddharthroy26587
 
HDT Unit 2: Nutraceuticals Global Market Overview And Growth Of Nutraceutical...
HDT Unit 2: Nutraceuticals Global Market Overview And Growth Of Nutraceutical...HDT Unit 2: Nutraceuticals Global Market Overview And Growth Of Nutraceutical...
HDT Unit 2: Nutraceuticals Global Market Overview And Growth Of Nutraceutical...Genesis Institute of Pharmacy, Radhanagari.
 

Dernier (20)

ANATOMY OF CEREBELLUM With Clinical Anatomy.pptx
ANATOMY OF CEREBELLUM With Clinical Anatomy.pptxANATOMY OF CEREBELLUM With Clinical Anatomy.pptx
ANATOMY OF CEREBELLUM With Clinical Anatomy.pptx
 
Thyroid function tests for MBBS, LAB. MED & BDS.pptx
Thyroid function tests for MBBS, LAB. MED & BDS.pptxThyroid function tests for MBBS, LAB. MED & BDS.pptx
Thyroid function tests for MBBS, LAB. MED & BDS.pptx
 
ANATOMY OF THE CEREBRUM WITH CLINICAL ANATOMY.pptx
ANATOMY OF THE CEREBRUM WITH CLINICAL ANATOMY.pptxANATOMY OF THE CEREBRUM WITH CLINICAL ANATOMY.pptx
ANATOMY OF THE CEREBRUM WITH CLINICAL ANATOMY.pptx
 
Reproductive and Child Health Services ppt.pptx
Reproductive and Child Health Services ppt.pptxReproductive and Child Health Services ppt.pptx
Reproductive and Child Health Services ppt.pptx
 
Substance use disorder (drug addict ), Addiction
Substance use disorder (drug addict ), AddictionSubstance use disorder (drug addict ), Addiction
Substance use disorder (drug addict ), Addiction
 
Tracheostomy .pdf ENT by QuickMedTALK. getting things done on time
Tracheostomy .pdf ENT by QuickMedTALK. getting things done on timeTracheostomy .pdf ENT by QuickMedTALK. getting things done on time
Tracheostomy .pdf ENT by QuickMedTALK. getting things done on time
 
SGK BỆNH LÝ GOUT YHN hay lắm nha aaaa.pdf
SGK BỆNH LÝ GOUT YHN hay lắm nha aaaa.pdfSGK BỆNH LÝ GOUT YHN hay lắm nha aaaa.pdf
SGK BỆNH LÝ GOUT YHN hay lắm nha aaaa.pdf
 
Ayurveda research in Hypothyroidism, P
Ayurveda  research  in Hypothyroidism, PAyurveda  research  in Hypothyroidism, P
Ayurveda research in Hypothyroidism, P
 
bleeding disorders 1 Dr.Nannika Pradhan
bleeding disorders 1  Dr.Nannika Pradhanbleeding disorders 1  Dr.Nannika Pradhan
bleeding disorders 1 Dr.Nannika Pradhan
 
Neutraceuticals, Herb-drug & Herb-food inetractions
Neutraceuticals, Herb-drug & Herb-food inetractionsNeutraceuticals, Herb-drug & Herb-food inetractions
Neutraceuticals, Herb-drug & Herb-food inetractions
 
Neurological Evaluation of Acute Ischemic stroke in Emergency Room
Neurological Evaluation of Acute Ischemic stroke in Emergency RoomNeurological Evaluation of Acute Ischemic stroke in Emergency Room
Neurological Evaluation of Acute Ischemic stroke in Emergency Room
 
TARGET DELINEATION IN RECTUM CANCER BY DR KANHU
TARGET DELINEATION IN RECTUM  CANCER BY DR KANHUTARGET DELINEATION IN RECTUM  CANCER BY DR KANHU
TARGET DELINEATION IN RECTUM CANCER BY DR KANHU
 
CANCER SeminarCancer Overview Type of Cancer.pptx
CANCER SeminarCancer Overview  Type of Cancer.pptxCANCER SeminarCancer Overview  Type of Cancer.pptx
CANCER SeminarCancer Overview Type of Cancer.pptx
 
Range of Secondary Electrons and Electron Build-Up: Impact on Scatter in Homo...
Range of Secondary Electrons and Electron Build-Up: Impact on Scatter in Homo...Range of Secondary Electrons and Electron Build-Up: Impact on Scatter in Homo...
Range of Secondary Electrons and Electron Build-Up: Impact on Scatter in Homo...
 
CELL BLOCK PREPARATION AND ITS IMPORTANCE
CELL BLOCK PREPARATION AND ITS IMPORTANCECELL BLOCK PREPARATION AND ITS IMPORTANCE
CELL BLOCK PREPARATION AND ITS IMPORTANCE
 
SMA Implementation science seminar (Day 1).pptx
SMA Implementation science seminar (Day 1).pptxSMA Implementation science seminar (Day 1).pptx
SMA Implementation science seminar (Day 1).pptx
 
Human Skeletal System_By Anupam Das......
Human Skeletal System_By Anupam Das......Human Skeletal System_By Anupam Das......
Human Skeletal System_By Anupam Das......
 
Catalysts for Change in SCLC: Optimizing the Use of Standard Therapies and Ac...
Catalysts for Change in SCLC: Optimizing the Use of Standard Therapies and Ac...Catalysts for Change in SCLC: Optimizing the Use of Standard Therapies and Ac...
Catalysts for Change in SCLC: Optimizing the Use of Standard Therapies and Ac...
 
Spinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptx
Spinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptxSpinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptx
Spinal cord Gross anatomy with Clinical Anatomy.pptx
 
HDT Unit 2: Nutraceuticals Global Market Overview And Growth Of Nutraceutical...
HDT Unit 2: Nutraceuticals Global Market Overview And Growth Of Nutraceutical...HDT Unit 2: Nutraceuticals Global Market Overview And Growth Of Nutraceutical...
HDT Unit 2: Nutraceuticals Global Market Overview And Growth Of Nutraceutical...
 

Screening