3. -World First Aid Day, which was introduced by
the International Red Cross Red Crescent
Movement in 2000, is an opportunity to raise
awareness about a life saving act.
-This year on World First Aid Day,
the theme is 'First aid and road
safety'.
-Everyone should know how to save
a life.
7. Session Objectives
Identify proper procedures for a variety
of medical emergencies
Assist in administering first aid when a
co-worker is injured
Do no further harm
8. After an accident, immediately move the
victim to a comfortable position.
If a person is bleeding, use a tourniquet.
Signs of a heart attack include shortness
of breath, anxiety, and perspiration.
All burns can be treated with first aid
alone; no emergency medical attention
is necessary.
Prequiz:
True or False?
10. Four Basic Rules
1. Call for help immediately2. Bring help to the victim
4. Do no further harm3. Check the ABCs
CAB
11. Key Points to Remember
Medical emergencies can happen anytime.
Act quickly, calmly, and correctly.
Take down notes if considered necessary
and later keep revising the tips being
given today’s First aid and CPR training
and demonstration.
19. Heart Attack
Call for emergency medical
support
Make victim comfortable
Loosen tight clothing
Check for medication
Keep victim still
Don’t give stimulants
20. Choking
Ask a person to speak
or cough
Deliver 5 back blows
Perform abdominal thrusts
Repeat sequence of back blows and
abdominal thrusts
21.
22. If Abdominal
Thrusts Don’t Work
Call for emergency medical support
108
Finger sweep only if patient is
Cooperative or unconscious to avoid
severe bite
Abdominal thrusts
Check CABs
Perform CPR if
not breathing
26. CPR
Match the problem with the correct first-aid procedure.
Bleeding
Choking
No breathing
Heart attack
Shock
Keep victim still
Direct pressure
Abdominal thrusts
Elevate feet
27. Do you understand first-aid
procedures for:
• No breathing?
• Bleeding?
• Shock?
• Heart attack?
• Choking?
• Electrical shock?
Review
Do you understand first-
aid procedures for:
No breathing?
Bleeding?
Shock?
Heart attack?
Choking?
Electrical shock?
34. Fainting
Check for breathing
Administer CPR if necessary
Call for emergency medical support if more
than a few minutes
If conscious, lay the victim down with
feet elevated
36. Which is the worst
kind of burn?
For a particle in
the eye:
For inhalation of
vapors or gases:
For heatstroke:
Multiple choice
a. First degree
a. Flush with water
a. Induce vomiting
a. Call for emergency medical support
b. Third degree
b. Rub eye
b. Move to fresh air
b. Don’t call emergency medical support
37. Do you understand first-aid
procedures for:
• Eye injuries?
• Burns?
• Exposure to hazardous
materials?
• Broken bones?
• Heat exhaustion and
heatstroke?
• Fainting?
• Epileptic seizures?
Revise
Do you understand first-
aid procedures for:
Eye injuries?
Burns?
Exposure to hazardous
materials?
Broken bones?
Heat exhaustion and
heatstroke?
Fainting?
Epileptic seizures?
38. DEFINITIONS
•CARDIAC ARREST: Abrupt cessation of cardiac
pump function which may be reversible by a rapid
intervention but will lead to
in its absence.
DEATH: Irreversible cessation of all biologic functions
39. • It has been estimated that about 3,50,000
people die worldwide due to cardiac arrest
each year
• Approximately 4280 out of every one lakh
people die every year from Sudden Cardiac
Arrest (SCA) in India alone
• Around 70% of all sudden cardiac arrests
happen at home or out of hospital settings; so
being trained in CPR can mean the difference
between Life & Death for a member of your
family
Background
40. Providing CPR/AED for Adults
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation circulates blood
that contains
oxygen
to the vital organs of a patient in cardiac arrest when
the heart and breathing have stopped.
Chestcompressionsand ventilation as well as theuse of an
automated external defibrillator.
43. • vital intervention before arrival of
emergency services - doubles or
triples survival from sudden cardiac
arrest (SCA).
•Early resuscitation and prompt defibrillation
(within 1-2minutes) can result in >60% survival
44. What is CPR?
It is the lifesaving technique useful in emergencies
where a person’s heartbeat or breathing or both have
stopped
Effective COLS CPR without equipment & minimal
skills, provided immediately after sudden cardiac
arrest, can double or triple the victim’s chance of
survival
It involves immediate identification and chest
compression, this process keeps oxygenated blood
circulating to the brain and other vital organs in the
initial phase of cardiac arrest
CPR can not ‘restart’ the heart, but it can keep blood
and oxygen moving through the victim’s body until
medical help arrives
45. When do you do CPR?
Loss of BreathingLoss of Circulation
Heart Attack Drowning
Allergic Reaction Stroke
Heart Attack Choking
Drowning
Drug Over Dose
When a person looses his or her consciousness due to
47. What will you do if you find this..?What will you do if you find this..?
You observe a person suddenly collapsing in front of you
or
Somebody is already collapsed when you saw him / her first
48.
49. Ensure Safe Place
• Make sure the environment is safe for rescuers and victim.
• Rescuers arriving on the scene of an emergency should verify that the environment in
which they are approaching a patient is safe for the provider.
• This is accomplished by a quick scan of the patient’s location and surroundings to make
sure there are no imminent physical threats such as toxic or electrical hazards.
Fire, smoke, fumes, water, electricity, heat,
cold, traffic etc.
Infection, blood, body fluids from the victim
Man made dangers – riot, war, terror etc.
दृश्य सुरक्षा
50. Check Response
Gently tap both the shoulders and ask “Are
you all right?”
Check response always from front of victimCheck response always from front of victim
Observe and Shift to nearest medical facility
क्या आप
ठीक हो?”
If he responds
जीिुत है
52. Check Response
Gently tap both the shoulders and ask “Are
you all right?”
Check response always from front of victimCheck response always from front of victim
Observe and Shift to nearest medical facility
क्या आप
ठीक हो?”
If he responds
जीिुत है
53. When NOT TO START CPR?
Scene is not safe
Patient Responsive
Victim body becomes stiff (Signs
of irreversible death Like - Rigor
mortis)
54.
55. CHECK RESPONSE
- Shake shoulders gently
- Ask "Are you all right?"
- If he responds
• Leave as you find him.
• Find out what is wrong.
• Reassess regularly.
56. Shout for help Use mobile….
What to say during the call?
Identify yourself
Identify your location
Tell about victim’s condition
Number of victims
Age, sex, complaint
General condition
Number of rescuer
Assure ------- Hang only when asked to do so
57.
58. Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR).
Combines rescue breathing and
chest compressions
Revives heart (cardio) and lung
(pulmonary) functioning
Use when there is no breathing and no pulse
Provides O2 to the brain until Emergency
medical supportarrives
59. How CPR Works
Effective CPR provides 1/4
to 1/3normal bloodflow
Rescue breaths
contains16%oxygen
(exhaled).
60. Start CPRImmediately
Better chance of survival as Brain
damage starts in 4-6 minutes
Brain damage is certain after 10
minutes without CPR
72. CHEST COMPRESSIONS
•Place the heel of one hand in the centre of the
chest
• Place other hand on top
• Interlock fingers
• Compress the chest
- Rate 100 min
- Depth 5 cm
- Equal compression :relaxation
73. CHEST COMPRESSION
Push at least 5 cm but not more than 6 cm
Compress chest at speed of 120 times/min
Allow complete chest recoil between
compression (do not lean) without lifting hand
from the chest.
Do not stop Chest Compressions unnecessarily
Correct position for Chest compressions
Heel of hand 2 fingers above Xiphoid process (Lowest End of Breast Bone)
Elbows straight, shoulders above the victim’s chest, fingers interlocked
74.
75.
76. CHEST COMPRESSION
• 30 compressions in one set.
• Chant the count loudly 1, 2, 3, 4, ….30.
• Maintain the speed and number of chest
compressions.
• If more than one person, interchange every 5
cycles.
77. AFTER 5 SETS OF chest compression
Check Response
Victim moving, coughing or vocalizing?
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
83.
84. How Long to Continue CPR?
ककतनु समय तक सीपीआर जारी रखना है?
Till Medical Help arrives
Another trained rescuer arrives
Victim is revived (obvious signs of
life)
Rescuer is exhausted
Place becomes unsafe
88. AED operation steps
AED step 1
Power on
AED step 2
attach AED pads to bare chest
AED step 3
Clear and analyze
AED step 4
Shock if advised (clear victim)
AED step 5
resume CPR starting with chest compressions
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97. Don’ts
Do not use alcohol to wipe the patient’s chest dry.
Do not touch the patient while the AED is analyzing. Touching or
moving the patient may affect analysis.
Do not touchthe patient while the AED is defibrillating.
You or someone else could be shocked.
Do not defibrillate someone when around flammable or combustible materials,
such as gasoline or free-flowing oxygen.