Introduction to Human Sexuality
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The document provides an overview of human sexuality from various perspectives including biological, psychological, social and cultural. It defines key terms like sexuality, sexology and discusses frameworks like the circles of sexuality. It also covers topics like sexual response, ethics, problems after spinal cord injuries and concludes advocating for comprehensive sex education.
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Introduction to Human Sexuality
- 1. Introduction to Human Sexuality Dr. Martha Tara Lee, D.H.S. 16 May 2016 Symposium: Sex and the Spine: All You Ever Wanted to Know about Sex and the Spine but were Afraid to Ask
- 2. Agenda • Defined: Human Sexuality • Defined: Sexology • Circles of Sexuality • Aspects of Sexual Behavior • Sexual Ethics and Legality • Conclusion o Diversity o Sex Education
- 3. Dr. Martha Tara Lee Clinical Sexologist • Doctorate in Human Sexuality • Masters in Public Policy and Management • Bachelor of Arts (Comm) • Certificate in Sex Therapy • Certitificate in Practical Counselling • Cert in Life Coaching
- 4. Sigmund Freud Three Essays on the Theory of Sexuality • Psychosexual development: Oral stage, Anal Stage, Phallic Stage, Genital Stage • Oedipus complex • Sexual etiology of neuroses, • Libido developed in individuals by changing its object, a process codified by the concept of sublimation • Generalization that all pleasurable impulses and activities are originally sexual .
- 5. Michel Foucault • Sexuality are the activities and sensations determined historically, regionally and culturally. • The construction of sexual meanings, is an instrument by which social institutions (religion, marketing, the educational system, psychiatry, etc.) control and shape human relationship.
- 6. Sexuality The working definition of sexuality is: “…a central aspect of being human throughout life encompasses sex, gender identities and roles, sexual orientation, eroticism, pleasure, intimacy and reproduction. Sexuality is experienced and expressed in thoughts, fantasies, desires, beliefs, attitudes, values, behaviours, practices, roles and relationships. While sexuality can include all of these dimensions, not all of them are always experienced or expressed. Sexuality is influenced by the interaction of biological, psychological, social, economic, political, cultural, legal, historical, religious and spiritual factors.” (WHO, 2006a) http://www.who.int/reproductivehealth/topics/sexual_health/sh_definitio ns/en/
- 7. World Association for Sexology’s Declaration of Sexual Rights • The right to sexual freedom • The right to sexual autonomy, sexual integrity, and safety of the sexual body • The right to sexual privacy • The right to sexual equity • The right to sexual pleasure • The right to emotional sexual expression • The right to sexually associate freely • The right to make free and responsible reproductive choices • The right to sexual information based upon scientific inquiry • The right to comprehensive sexuality education • The right to sexual health care
- 8. Sexuality "I was displeased by the tendency, historically, in general culture and in AASECT, to see sexual health as the absence of disease or the absence of dysfunction," says Barnaby Barratt, Ph.D., DHS, echoing the sentiments of those who have sought to overhaul their own definitions of sexual health. "I wanted a vision of sexual health that celebrated sexuality and sensual pleasure and all of its positive and playful virtues." To that end, he wrote AASECT's vision while President- Elect, and it was ratified in 2004, when he was AASECT President. https://www.aasect.org/how-we-define-sexual-health#sthash.OFWbv6LT.dpuf
- 9. What is Sexology? Study of sexual interests, behavior, and function which combines: Biology Physiology Medicine Psychology Statistics Epidemiology Criminology Religion Philosophy Zoology Anthropology Sociology
- 10. Sexologists Study Sexual development Sexual orientation Sexual relationships Sexual activity Sexualities of special group
- 11. Introduction of Human Sexuality • Process by which people experience and express themselves as sexual beings. • Determined by anatomy, physiology, the culture in which a person lives, relationships with others, and developmental experiences throughout the life cycle. • Includes the perception of being male or female and private thoughts and fantasies as well as behavior. • Brings pleasure to oneself and one's partner, involves stimulation of the primary sex organs including coitus
- 12. Introduction of Human Sexuality • Devoid of inappropriate feelings of guilt or anxiety and is not compulsive. • Recreational vs Relational sex oMasturbation oVarious forms of stimulation sex organs, oGetting sexual gratification by several ways etc.
- 14. Common Sexological Issues • Body image and sex-negative conditioning • Sexual desire • Courtship concerns • Obstacles to Intimacy • Sexual development, maturation and aging • Sexual communication and negotiation • Medical considerations affecting sexuality • Atypical sexual behaviours • Sexual trauma • Gender identity • Sexual orientation • Sexual education for parents • Women’s concerns • Men’s concerns
- 15. Sexual Response
- 17. The Circles of Sexuality Source: http://www.advocatesforyouth.org/lessonplans/circlesofsexuality3.htm Sensuality Awareness and feeling about your own body and other people's bodies, especially the body of a sexual partner. • Body image • Experiencing pleasure • Satisfying skin hunger • Feeling physical attraction for another person • Fantasy
- 18. The Circles of Sexuality Source: http://www.advocatesforyouth.org/lessonplans/circlesofsexuality3.htm Sexual intimacy The ability to be emotionally close to another human being and to accept closeness in return. • Sharing • Caring • Liking or loving another person— • Emotional risk-taking Vulnerability
- 19. The Circles of Sexuality Source: http://www.advocatesforyouth.org/lessonplans/circlesofsexuality3.htm Sexual Identity A person's understanding of who she/ he is sexually, including the sense of being male or of being female • Gender identity • Gender role • Sexual orientation
- 20. The Circles of Sexuality Source: http://www.advocatesforyouth.org/lessonplans/circlesofsexuality3.htm Reproduction and Sexual Health A person's capacity to reproduce and the behaviors and attitudes that make sexual relationships healthy and enjoyable. • Factual information about reproduction • Feelings and attitudes • Sexual intercourse • Reproductive and sexual anatomy • Sexual reproduction
- 21. The Circles of Sexuality Source: http://www.advocatesforyouth.org/lessonplans/circlesofsexuality3.htm Sexualization Aspect of sexuality in which people behave sexually to influence, manipulate, or control other people. • Flirting • Sexual harassment • Rape • Incest
- 22. Consider the Impact of Culture
- 23. PhilosophicalSociological PsychologicalAnatomical Physiological Cognitive Learning Cultural Political Legal Moral Ethical Theological Spiritual Religious Aspects of Sexual Behavior
- 24. Sexual Ethics and Legality • Unlike some other sexual activities, vaginal intercourse has rarely been made taboo on religious grounds or by law. • Many of the cultures that had prohibited sexual intercourse entirely – Shakers, Roman Catholic Church, Mahayana Buddhist Monks.
- 25. Sexual Ethics and Legality • Masturbation (Auto- erotic sexuality) • Fornication or Live- together • Adultery or Extramarital sex • Homosexuality- Gay, Lesbian • Commercial sex or Prostitution • Necrophilia (sex with dead body) • Incest • Child sexual abuse/ Pedophilia • Bestiality • Sexual intercourse during a woman's menstrual period, as prohibited in Islam and Judaism • Sex between members of different tribes / same cast • Public decency (exhibitionism and voyeurism)
- 26. 4 Types of Sex 1. Procreation 2. Recreation 3. Restorative 4. Transformational [Laurie Handlers]
- 27. Sexual Problems after SCI 1. Genital arousal issues 2. Ejaculatory dysfunction -> cannot finish/ infertility 3. Orgasmic dysfunction 4. Diminished or loss of genital sensation 5. Loss of skin sensation below the level of injury 6. Difficulty with sexual positioning 7. Significant changes in body image and self-esteem Pepper, Mitchell (2015) Regain that Feeling, The Sexual Health Network Inc.
- 28. Conclusion Human sexuality is a very complex and multi- dimensional behavior that is affected by many facets of our lives including anatomy, physiology, cognition, and learning, as well as influenced by culture, ethnicity and even economy and politics.
- 29. Conclusion Sex education is very much needed in every society - specially in the school curriculum - otherwise faulty learning about sex misguided one’s personal life and may produce many sexual as well as psycho-social problem.
- 30. What is Your Approach? • Sex-positive • Non-judgemental • Educational • Client-centered • Do no harm
- 31. Thank you! Dr. Martha Tara Lee, D.H.S. Clinical Sexologist Eros Coaching Pte Ltd Website: www.eroscoaching.com Email: drmarthalee@eroscoaching.com