Lecture notes for medical students

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3. First show the blank slides (eg. Aetiology ) > Ask
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5. This will be an ACTIVE LEARNING SESSION x
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6. Good for self study also.
7. See notes for bibliography.

2. Learning Objectives

3. Learning Objectives
1. Introduction & History
2. Relevant Anatomy, Physiology
3. Aetiology
4. Pathophysiology
5. Pathology
6. Classification
7. Clinical Features
8. Investigations
9. Management
10. Prevention
11. Guidelines
12. Take home messages

4. Introduction & History.
•

5. Introduction & History.
• Sjögren syndrome is a systemic chronic
inflammatory disorder characterized by
lymphocytic infiltrates in exocrine organs

6. Aetiology

7. Aetiology
• Idiopathic
• Congenital/ Genetic
• Nutritional Deficiency/excess
• Traumatic
• Infections /Infestation
• Autoimmune
• Neoplastic (Benign/Malignant)
• Degenerative / lifestyle
• Iatrogenic
• Psychosomatic
• Poisoning/ Toxins/ Drug induced

8. Etiology
• Idiopathic
• Congenital
• Traumatic
• Infections /Infestation
• Autoimmune
• Neoplastic (Benign/Malignant)
• Degenerative

9. Etiology
• Idiopathic
• Congenital- Genetic predisposition
• Infections /Infestation- Some viruses trigger
autoimmunite
• Autoimmune

10. Aetiology of Aetiology
•

11. Aetiology of Aetiology
• Idiopathic
• Congenital/ Genetic
• Nutritional Deficiency/excess
• Traumatic
• Infections /Infestation
• Autoimmune
• Neoplastic (Benign/Malignant)
• Degenerative / lifestyle
• Iatrogenic
• Psychosomatic
• Poisoning/ Toxins/ Drug induced

12. Clinical Features
•

13. Clinical Features
• Demography
• Symptoms
• Signs
• Prognosis
• Complications

14. Clinical Features
Sicca symptoms
• Xerophthalmia (dry eyes),
• Xerostomia (dry mouth)
• Parotid gland enlargement

15. Other Clinical Features
• Extraglandular
features-
• Arthralgia
• Arthritis
• Raynaud phenomenon
• Myalgia
• Lymphoma
• Vasculitis
• Renal tubular acidosis
• Pulmonary disease
• Gastrointestinal
disease
• Leukopenia
• Anemia
• Lymphadenopathy
• Neuropathy

16. Investigations

17. Investigations
• Laboratory Studies
– Routine
– Special
• Imaging Studies
• Tissue diagnosis
– Cytology
• FNAC
– Histology
– Germ line Testing and Molecular Analysis
• Diagnostic Laparotomy.

18. Investigations
• Laboratory Studies
– Routine
– Special
• Imaging Studies
• Tissue diagnosis
– Cytology
• FNAC
– Histlogy

19. Investigations in Malignancy
•

20. Investigations in Malignancy
• For diagnosis
• For staging
• For Screening
• For Monitoring

21. Diagnostic Studies

22. Diagnostic Studies
Imaging Studies
• X-Ray
• USG
• CT
• Angiography
• MRI
• Endoscopy
• Nuclear scan

23. Questions
• Full question
• Short Note
• Long case
• Short case
• MCQs

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