This presentation discusses history of nasal polypi

1. History of Nasal polyposis Dr T Balasubramanian

3. Egyptians were pioneers in diagnosis & trt of nasal polypi

4. Egyptians were familiar with nasal anatomy as they used this route to suck out the brain contents during mummification procedures

5. Samuel of Egypt described a large polyp hanging in the throat strangulating a patient

7. Coined the term polyp

8. This term was used because they resembled sea polyp

9. First described the surgical procedure to remove nasal polypi ” Nasal polyps are sacs of phlegm that cause nasal obstruction and deranges the sense of smell” Hippocrates

11. Celsus hypothesized nasal polypi to be local manifestation of systemic disorder

12. Boerhaave hypothesized nasal polyp to be elongated nasal mucosa - 17 th century

13. Mann & Heister – Nasal polypi are formed due to obstruction of mucosal glands “ A Nasal polyp shows itself by bad smell of the nose” Samuel

15. He also postulated nasal infections somehow could play a role in the genesis of polypi

16. In his classic treatise published in1843 he concluded that nasal polypi could be nothing but hypertrophic nasal mucosa

18. Stressed on the relationship between the age of occurence and nasal deformity

20. These changes are caused by inflammation and periphlebitis

21. The passive oedema of nasal mucous membrane is caused by venous stasis

23. Mucopolysaccharides present in the stroma could somehow play a role in the pathogenesis of nasal polypi

24. Stromal mucopolysaccharides under go changes in response to allergy and nasal mucosal inflammation causing the mucosa to swell

26. He was able to demonstrate the reagin responsible for inflammation of nasal mucosa

27. Allergic reactions involving the nasal mucosa caused mucosal oedema

29. Samter & Beer described the classic samter's triad in 1969.

30. Components of samter's triad include – nasal polypi, aspirin hypersensitivity and bronchial asthma

32. Hildanus designed the currently available nasal speculum. Hildanus speculum underwent different modifications to evolve into its present form

33. Morrel Mecenzie used mirrors to reflect sunlight to examine the nasal cavity

35. Celsus used caustic agents to treat nasal polypi

36. Galen used oil of turpentine to treat nasal polyp

37. Daniel Bovet used antihistamines in the treatment of nasal polypi for the first time

39. Hippocrates described a method of removing the nasal polypi and delivering it via the post nasal space by using a large tampoon which can be pushed into the nasal cavity there by dislodging the polypi

40. Thank you