1. BONE DISORDERS DEFINITION SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS PICTURES
ARTHRITIS
isa formof jointdisorderthat
involves inflammationof one or
more joints.There are over100
differentformsof arthritis.The
mostcommon form,
osteoarthritis(degenerativejoint
disease),isaresultof traumato
the joint,infectionof the joint,
or age.Other arthritisformsare
rheumatoidarthritis,psoriatic
arthritis,andrelated
autoimmune diseases.Septic
arthritisiscausedby joint
infection.
Regardlessof the type of
arthritis,the common
symptomsforall arthritis
disordersinclude variedlevels
of pain,swelling,jointstiffness
and sometimesaconstant
ache aroundthe joint(s).
Arthriticdisorderslikelupus
and rheumatoidcanalsoaffect
otherorgans inthe bodywith a
varietyof symptoms.
BONE CANCER
isan uncommoncancer that
beginsina bone.Bone cancer
can begininany bone inthe
body,butit mostcommonly
affectsthe longbonesof the
arms and legs. Several typesof
bone
that can affectbothchildrenand
adults,
may varybasedon the type of
bone cancer,but painis the
mostcommonlyexperienced
symptom.Bone cancermost
oftenoccursin the longbones
of the body(armsand legs),so
these are the most common
sitesforpain.Keepinmind
that not all bone tumorsare
cancerous;some are benign.
Bone painis more often
relatedtoa benigncondition,
like aninjury,thanitis to
cancer.

2. BONE DISORDERS DEFINITION SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS PICTURES
SPINA BIFIDA
isa congenital malformationin
whichthere issomethingwrong
withthe bone inthe vertebral
column,exposingthe spinal cord
whichshouldbe protected
withinthe vertebral column.Itis
causedby the incomplete closing
of the embryonicneural tube.
Congenital malformationmeans
a birthdefect.
The central nervoussystem
includesthe brain,nervesand
spinal cord.The spinal cord
consistsof nerve cellsandnerve
bundlesthatconnecteverypart
of the bodyto the brain
If the openingoccursat the top
of the spine,the patient'slegs
are more likelytobe
completelyparalyzed,and
there will be otherproblems
withmovementelsewhere in
the body.If the openingsare in
the middle orthe base of the
spine,symptomstendtobe
lesssevere.
LEUKEMIA
iscancer of the body'sblood-
formingtissues,includingthe
bone marrowand the lymphatic
system.
Many typesof leukemiaexist.
Some formsof leukemiaare
more commonin children.Other
formsof leukemiaoccurmostly
inadults.
Leukemiausuallystartsinthe
white bloodcells.Yourwhite
bloodcellsare potentinfection
fighters— theynormallygrow
and divide inanorderlyway,as
your bodyneedsthem.Butin
people withleukemia,the bone
marrow producesabnormal
white bloodcells,whichdon't
functionproperly
Leukemiasymptomsvary,
dependingonthe type of
leukemia.Commonleukemia
•Feveror chills
•Persistentfatigue,weakness
•Frequentorsevere infections
•Losingweightwithouttrying
•Swollenlymphnodes,
enlargedliverorspleen
•Easy bleedingorbruising
•Recurrentnosebleeds
•Tinyred spotsinyour skin
(petechiae)