mapeh 3

1. Unit III
DISEASE
EDUCATION
COMMUNICABLE/
NONCOMMUNICABLE
DISEASES

2. Non communicable diseases are not
passed on from person to person. Many
of this diseases are caused by our way of
living. Our lifestyle or health habits
caused certain diseases that do not
appear until after the ten years. Some
do not cause problem until the person is
quite old.

3. LESSON
10
HEALTH BENEFITS
IN SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY

4. Modern Technology has also
helped advance medicine.
Health today can be improved
through surgery and
medication, modern
techniques in the prevention
of diseases, hearts surgery and
modern equipment such as
laser and bio- energizer.

5. The invention of the laser beam
has proven to be valuable in the field
of medicine. In a recent news
published by www. news- medical. Net
on Tuesday May 10, 2005, Ted Cowan,
a director of the Nevada Terawatt
Facility at the University of Nevada,
and his research team has produced a
proton beam that has one hundred
times higher quality that any
conventional particle accelerator
and fits on a table top.

6. Irradiation with accelerated carbon
ions can easily target a tumor and
destroy it without sacrificing the
surrounding tissues. According to
Cowan, ion beam cancer therapies are
far more precise in treating cancer
than conventional therapies.
Modern technology enables
medical professionals to inspect the
body.

7. Several test provide
essential information
to aid in the
diagnosis of illnesses
and the selection of
appropriate
treatment.

8. These are:
Complete Blood Cell Count (CBC)determines the number and types of cells
in the blood. This test includes the
hematocrit, hemoglobin test, The red
blood cell indices, the white blood cell
count, the red blood cell count, the
differential count, the platelets count
and blood smear.

9. Urinalysis- a microscopic examination and
chemical analysis of the urine.
Electrocardiogram (ECG)- a visual record of
the hearts electrical impulses, which control
the rate and the rhythm of the beating.
Biopsy- The removal of small sample tissue for
examination under microscope.

10. Angiography- also called
Arteriography; a visualization of the
blood vessels, usually by
introduction of the catheter, that is
inserted directly into a blood
vessels.
Electroencephalogram (EEG)- a
visual record of electrical impulses
discharged by brain cell. It is used
to detect abnormalities in the brain.

11. Endoscopy- a method of directly viewing the
inside of hallow organs by inserting an
endoscope ( a flexible, lighted tube like
instrument) into the organ.
Nuclear Medicine Scanning ( or radioisotope)
– used primarily as a diagnostic tool to detect
tumors, blood clots and malfunctioning of
organs in the body.

12. Ultrasonography- called ultrasound, it is a
method of visualizing the structures of the body
by recording the reflections of high quality
frequency, sound waves of those structures. The
instrument used is called transducer.
Mammography- a simple general painless
examination of the breast by means of a
special X- Ray machine that is design to be
used for soft tissues.
Pap Smear Test- involves scrapping some
cells from the surface of the area where the
cervix opens into the vagina.

13. Our lifetime has experienced breakthroughs in
medicine in ways of preventing severe body pains
Acupuncture- an ancient system of healing that had
developed for over thousand of years as part of the
traditional medicine of China. It is technique of inserting and
manipulating needles into acupuncture points on the body.
Chiropractic Treatment- the diagnostic and manipulated
treatment of mechanical disorders of the joints, especially the
spinal column. Founded in 1845 by Daniel David Palmer.
Chiropractic was based on the belief that all health problems
could be prevented and treated using adjustment of the spine
and at times other joints.

14. Modern Technologies that help in
the control of disease
Modern Treatment
*acupuncture
*Heart Bypass
Endorphin
Fibrin
Cobalt 60
Chemotheraphy
Radiation
Liquid Nitrogen
Transplant
A.

15. B. Modern Apparatuses
Example:
X- Ray
Laser
Keycell
Bio- energiser
Electrocardiography
Electroencephalography
Ultrasound
Scanner

16. C. Scientist who contributed
greatly in the field of medicine and
health:
*Anton Van Leeuwenhoek(1676)
-Invented the microscope

17. *Robert Hooke(1678)
-Developed the first compound
microscope

18. *Louis Pasteur(1861)
- Father of Bacteriology; Discovered the cure
to rabies.

19. *Joseph Lister(1867)
-Introduce the value of Sterilization and
Aseptic (diseases producing bacteria)
precaution

20. *Edward Jenner(1786)
- Introduced the first vaccine using cowpox
to immunize against small pox.

21. *Paul Ehrlich(1910)
-pioneered the technique of
chemotheraphy, which deals with the used
of chemicals for the treatment and control
of disease- causing organisms.

22. *Alexander Fleming(1928)
-Discovered the antibiotic
penicillin..

23. *William Einthoven(1911)
- invented the electrocardiograph

24. - *Jonas Salk(1953)
developed the first vaccine against poliomyelitis.

25. *Christian Barnard(1967)
- performed the first successful heart transplant on a human being.

26. *Dr. Peter Safar (late 1950’s)
- father of CPR; proposed the A-B-C (airway, breathing, circulation)
sequence of Resuscitation, including the technique of mouth to mouth
resuscitation.

27. *Dr. Patricia Bath(1981)
- Ophthalmologic surgeon; invented the Laserphaco probe, a surgical
tool that uses a laser to vaporize cataracts via a tiny, 1- millimeter
insertion into a patients eyes.

28. * William J. Kolff(1950’s)
- medical researcher, invented the artificial kidney dialysis machine;
also invented the artificial in 1957.

29. *Gertrude Elion(1954)
-patented the leukemia- fighting drug 6- mercaptopurine and has
made others sigficant contribution in the field of medicine.

30. *Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen(1973)
- invented the technique of DNA cloning, which allowed genes to be
transplanted between different biological species.

31. *Frederick Banting(1921-1922)
- co- inventor of insulin , together with Charles best, Prof. J. J.
R. Macleod and Dr. James Collip.

32. *Dr. Raymond V. Damadian(1970)
- invented MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) scanning
machine.

33. *Dr. Karl Theodore Dussik(1942)
- Australian Physician; published the paper on medical Ultrasonics that
paved the way to the production of ultrasound.

34. *Professor Ian Donald Of Scotland(1950’s)
- developed practical technologies and applications
for ultrasounds.

35. Lesson 11
Communicable
Diseases; Combat
Them

36. _Communicable And Non
Communicable Diseases_
Communicable Diseases also known as
infectious diseases, are contagious; that is,
they passed or transmitted from one person
to another.
Non communicable like heart attack,
hypertension, stroke, cancer and diabetes
are not transperable.

37. Communicable Diseases are;
Bacteria- a tiny one- celled organisms that grows
anywhere.
Viruses- the smallest and simplest form of life. They
are most common caused of communicable
diseases.
Fungi- simple life form that cannot make their own
food. They live in hair, nails and skins ex. of this are
mushroom and yeast.
Protozoa- simple animal-like organisms. Malaria is
diseased caused by protozoa.

38. Common Communicable
Diseases
 Colds-
most common communicable
diseases caused by hundred different
viruses.
 Pneumonia- a serious disease of the lungs
that can be caused by either bacteria or
viruses.
 Influenza or Flu- a serious illnesss caused by
viruses.

39.  Mononucleosis-
the kissing disease.
 Hepatitis- a disease involves the swelling of
the liver. There are two kinds of Hepatitis.
*Hepatitis A- caused by a virus that often
enters the body through contaminated food
and dirty water.
*Hepatitis B- a disease spread through
contact with the body fluids of an infected
persons.

40.  Malaria-
caused by protozoa through the
bites of mosquitoes.
 Cholera- caused by bacteria which usually
infect a person as he drinks water that
contains feces and solid waste of person or
eat food that has been washed by
contaminated water.
 AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency
Syndrome )- a deadly disease that interferes
the body natural ability to fight infection.

41. Lesson 12
Non Communicable Diseases:
Lifestyle Diseases
_-Non Communicable Diseases-_
Are not caused by pathogens but rather,
by how people live, by conditions with which
they are born on or hazard around them.
_-Common Non Communicable Diseases-_
Cardiovascular Diseases- the disease of the
heart and blood vessels. This include;

42. *Arteriosclerosis- the hardening of the
arteries; Occurs when fatty substance such
as cholesterols is deposited on the walls of
the arteries.
*Heart attack- occurs when the heart muscles
tissue dies from lack of oxygen because of
reduce blood flow.
*Hypertension or High Blood Pressureoccurs when blood pressure is higher than
normal.
*Stroke- occurs when a clot blocks a small
blood cells in the brain, those brain cells die
from lack of oxygen.

43. Cancer- is caused by abnormal
cell growing without control. As
this abnormal cells form in
masses called tumor.
And it can either be;
*First;
Benign- masses of cells that are not
cancerous and do not spread.
*Second;
Malignant- masses of cells that are
cancerous.

44. What are the Warning
Signs of Cancers?

45. Let’s find
out!!!

46.  Change
in bowel or bladder habits.
 A sore that does not heal
 Unusual bleeding or discharge
 Thickening or lump in the breast or elsewhere
 Indigestion or difficulty in swallowing
 Obvious change in a wart or mole
 Nagging cough or hoarseness.

47. Cancer maybe diagnosed in
many different ways:



Biopsy
Curretage
X-Ray
_-Treatment of Cancer-_
*Surgery- this involves the removal of the tumor and
repair of the affected organ.
*Radiation Theraphy or Radiotheraphy- this is
involves attacking the cancer cells with X- Rays or
with Rays or particles from Radioactive substances
such as cobalt 60 or Radium

48. *Drug Theraphy or Chemotheraphy- this has
become an increasingly important method of
cancer treatment.
Diabetes- a disease that prevents the body
from converting food into energy.
*Type I- diabetes is the result of little or no
insulin produce by pancreas.
*Type II- diabetes is the result of too little
insulin produce by the pancreas or failure of
the insulin to function normally.

49. Arthritis- refers to the
inflammation of the joint or joints.
It usually occurs during old Age.
*Rheumatoids Arthritis- caused pain and
swelling in many joints throughout the body.
*Osteoarthritis- is a disease of the older
people. It results from the wear and tear on
the joints, especially those of the hips, knees
and fingers. It caused severe pains.

50. Lesson 13:
Herbal Medicine: An
Alternative Cure

51. _-Common Medical Plants-_
For fever
Camias (kamyas)
Star Fruit (Balingbing)
Tamarind (sampalok)
For Headache
Worm Wood(Damong Maria)
For Constipation
Tamarind (sampalok)

52. For Cough
Chinese Orange(Kalamansi)
Ginger (luya)
Mango (Mangga)
Tamarind (Sampalok)
For Diarrhea
Guava (bayabas)
Star Apple (kaymito)
Mango (mangga)

53. For Toothache
Guava (bayabas)
Garlic (bawang)
For wounds
Worm Wood (Damong Maria)
Tamarind (sampalok)

54. For Cuts and Scrapes
Ginger (luya)
Tamarind (sampalok)
For Joint Pains and Rheumatism
Ginger (luya)
Garlic (bawang)
For Gas Pains
Worm wood (damong Maria)
Ginger (luya)

55. _-Herbal Medicines Approved
By The Department of Health-_
Akapulco
Ampalaya
Bawang
Bayabas
Lagundi
Niyog- niyogan
Sambong
Tsaang Gubat
Ulasimong Bato
Yerba Buena

56. Thank You