No one, has ever died of a presentation. Still, it is the #1 fear of our population. Competence in communication-, presentation and interpersonal skills are essential to personal success in the field of business; academically presentation skills are crucial in order to deliver your message. What can a presentation do for you? it puts you on display it allows you to present ideas, concepts it demonstrates your expertise it allows you to raise issues it allows you to establish (personal as well as target audience) meaning it could provide valuable input in your decision making (feedback) According to Dale Carnegie (1888 – 1955), lecturer and American writer of How to Win Friends and Influence People, it is possible to change other people’s behavior by changing one’s own reaction to them. During this training participants will plan, develop and deliver their own powerful persuasive presentations. Objective Participants will learn how to move and motivate any kind of group, whether they are presenting to university professors, a management team, the board of directors, to their employees, their colleagues, their customers or relations. To move and motivate a group of people, participants will develop insight in: different types of presentation tools different communication styles planning, preparing and structuring a presentation verbal- as well as non-verbal communication skills how to manage presentation stress Participants will identify their own communication style and will learn how to analyze others. By preparing for their audience they will be able to recognize and cater to the audience’s needs and be remembered for their message.

1. PRESENTATION SKILLS
FOR ACADEMIC PURPOSES
by Elisabeth Dols – De Rooij
Communication Specialist

2. Communication
=
Realization
www.communication-realization.com

3. Top ten fears
1. Snakes 51%
2. Speaking in public 40%
3. Heights 36%
4. Being closed in a small space 34%
5. Spiders and insects 27%
6. Needles and getting shots 21%
7. Mice 20%
8. Flying on a plane 18%
9. Dogs 11%
9. Thunder and lightning 11%
9. Crowds 11%
10. Going to the doctor 9%
* Gallup Poll, February 18-21, 2001
(1,016 respondents + or -3%)

4. Training outline
• Discussion: Your perspective - Your objective
• ACTION
• Presentation & Communication objectives
• Communication Process
• Non verbal communication – The Mehrabian Myth
• 7 Characteristics of Great Speakers
• Speech construction - Where do you start?
• Audience attention span – Signposting
• ACTION II
• Preparing for your audience: four primary
communication styles
• Speech content: introduction, main body, closing word
• Handling questions

5. Training outline continued
• Speech presentation - The Delivery
• ACTION III
• Time Management
• Visual Aids
• Presenting Data
• Stress management
• 5 Aspects deserving attention
• Common presenter mistakes
• Techniques of speech
THE END

6. What is a memorable presentation? What will the audience
remember?
Can you think of a presentation which was memorable for the
wrong reasons?
What is an academic presentation? What makes a presentation
academic? Why or how is it different from any other presentation?
Or is it? Or should it be?
DISCUSSION POINTS
_______________________________________________________________

7. Is this academic?
Source: http://news.stanford.edu/news/2005/june15/jobs-061505.html

8. What is the most difficult aspect of presenting? Why?
Are you nervous when you have to present?
What is the worst thing that can happen?
Where do you think you need improvement?
What do you hope to learn from this training?
YOUR PERSPECTIVE
_______________________________________________________________

9. ► it puts you on display
► it allows you to present ideas, concepts,
your expertise
► it allows you to raise issues
► it allows you to establish meaning
(personal as well as target audience)
► it could provide valuable input in your
decision making (feedback)
WHAT CAN A PRESENTATION DO FOR YOU?

10. There is nothing wrong with stomach butterflies…
…you just have to get them to fly in formation.
Author unknown

11. ACTION
Interview the person sitting next to you.
Use a metaphor to present this person to the group
“Think of a metaphor as a connection
or a bridge between the new and the familiar.”
Time Management
Preparation: 3 minutes
Presentation: 1 minute

12. Communication objectives
Message RESPONSIBILITY CONSCIOUS
SENDER MEDIA EXPERIENCE channel
STIMULI FEEDBACK SIGNAL
short term long term DECODING knowledge
UNCONSCIOUS Process CODING
interpretation memory NOISE
MOTIVATION RECEIVER discrimination

13.  The objective of communication is not the transmission
but the <RECEPTION>
 The objective of communication is to make
your message understood <CLARITY> and be remembered
 The objective of communication is <CONNECTING>
Communication Objectives

14. Signal Signal
Coding Decoding
Interpretation
COMMUNICATION PROCESS
ReceiverSender Channel

15. Sensory
coding
Primary
affective
reaction
Cognitive
elaboration
Retrieval
Feedback
Unconscious
memory
Conscious
memory
Short term
memory
recognition discrimination
Model
“Receiver communication”
Long term
memory
Stimuli of the
environment
sender

16. THE MEHRABIAN MYTH
55% of the message is body language (facial expression)
38% is delivered through vocal tones (intonation)
7% is content (words)
WORDS REALLY MATTER
SPEAKING TRANSFERS ENERGY WITH WORDS

17. Top 7 Characteristics
of Great Speakers
1. Solid Content
2. Humorous
3. Organized
4. Approachable
5. Authentic
6. Natural
7. Passionate

18. 1. Speech CONSTRUCTION
(Content)
2. Speech PRESENTATION
(The Delivery)
3. Stress MANAGEMENT
(Planning | Preparation)
PRESENTATION ASPECTS

19. Are you convincing? Informing? Persuading?
Conceptual framework (connect all aspects of inquiry)
The Crucial Question (What is?)
Literature review (provide context for reader)
Creative elements: include visuals

20. CONTENT
► Formulate your objectives
Who, what, why, when, how
◄ Identify with your audience
Who are they?
What are their aims & objectives?
What is their communication style?
How am I going to move them?
How will I keep them interested?
► Structure your speech
Intro – Body – Closing
Signposting

21. Know Your Audience
Who are they?
What do they want?
What do they know?
What can I tell them?
Where can I take them?

22. Journey of the Audience
How do I prepare them?
How I am going to move them?
How do I keep their interest?

23. Audience attention span
Mills, H.R. (1977) Techniques of Technical Training, 3rd
Ed. Macmillan, London

24. Signposting
‘Verbal paragraphs’ or
‘verbal signs’ which raises the attention curve
at the beginning and at the end of each point

25. Start Point 1 Point 2 Point 3 Finish
Signposting helps you structure and shape
the main content of your presentation
Time
Audienceattention
Signposting language (handout) helps you to guide
(navigate) the audience and peak their interest
time and time again

26. ACTION II
Past_______Present _______ Future
Past: Tell us about a pivotal moment in your life
What happened?
What did you do to save the situation?
Present: What have you learned from this experience?
Closing statement: Knowing what you know now,
how would you handle this situation in the future?
Time Management
Preparation: 3 minutes
Presentation: 2 minutes max

27. Be Crystal Clear
BEING readily seen, perceived, or
understood
FREE from deceit
& TRANSPARENT

28. Four Primary Communication Styles
DNA Behavior International © 2011
5901-A Peachtree Dunwoody Rd. Suite 150 Atlanta, GA 30328

29. = Relationship maintainer
= Calms excited people
= Loyal, caring and possessive
= Patient
= Concentrates on tasks
= Slow decision maker
= Excellent listener
= Dislikes interpersonal conflicts

30. = Asks questions about specific details
= Accurate and perfectionist
= Follows directives, policies and standards
= Likes structure
= Overly relies on data collection
= Critical thinker
= Logical, rational, objective
= Works slowly and precisely preferably alone

31. = Makes statements
= Tells others what to do
= Highly competitive, plays to win
= Accepts challenges
= Pragmatic, assertive and confident
= Likes to be in control
= Dislikes inaction
= Cool and independent

32. = High risk taker
= Creator
= Verbally articulate
= Enthusiastic
= Likes to have fun
= Distracted - jumps from one activity to another
= Emotionally optimistic
= Problem solving oriented

33. 3 CONTENT PARTS OF A SPEECH
1.1. GET ATTENTION “ HOOKER”
Joke, impact, metaphor, start with a question
Excuses are wrong “hookers”
1.2. ESTABLISH A THEME
to start the audience thinking,
bring their own experience back into their minds,
help them to remember
1. INTRODUCTION (5 elements)

34. 1.3. PRESENT A STRUCTURE
Why this topic?
Make no assumptions about the audience
Announce structure of the speech: outline/duration
1.4. CREATE A RAPPORT
Compatibility Sympathy Understanding Trust
How do you wish to appear?
1.5 ADMINISTRATION
Administrative details which need to be
announced at the beginning.
1. INTRODUCTION (5 elements)
continued

35. 2. MAIN BODY
2.1. THESIS - AMPLIFICATION MODEL
- Clarifying thesis
2.2. CHRONOLOGICAL MODEL
- Historical overview
2.3. ANECDOTE MODEL
- Personal experiences, conclusion
2.4 TWO COLUMN MODEL
- Controversial topics
2.5 QUESTIONING MODEL
- (Rhetorical) questions raised

36. 3. CLOSING WORD
The final impression you make
will be remembered!
♦ You end it!
♦ Reiterate your main points!
♦ Give the audience something to think about!
♦ Ask for questions/opinion!
♦ Thank your audience!

37. Bad example
Good example
http://elc.polyu.edu.hk/
© The English Language Centre 2000 - 2012

38. THE DELIVERY
The audience does not care how much you know,
they want to know how much you care!

39. ACTION III
“Selling Your Dream”
Topic:
Talk about something you are truly passionate about.
Anything goes!
Apply: intro, main body and closing statement
Ask: for feedback or questions
Time management
Preparation: 15 minutes
Presentation: 3 minutes max

40. 15 minutes presentation
=
15 slides max
Never negotiate about time
(extension)!

41. Using PowerPoint Effectively
- One topic per slide
- + 7 words per sentence
- + 7 sentences per slide
- Data, diagrams, graphs and figures,
should be supporting, not misleading
- Do not talk to the PowerPoint presentation!

42. PRESENTING DATA
SAMPLE
Eric Berlow: How complexity leads to simplicity

43. OPPORTUNITY OR THREAT?
Expected ‘graying in The Netherlands by 2025.
Percentage elderly of total population in 2025.
Source: Central Bureau of Statistics (2007)
18 - 20%
20 - 22%
22- 24%
24% or more

44. Action
Demographic facts
It’s all about positioning
► Pick a partner
► Discuss an astonishing demographic fact
about your country’s population
► Create a bar chart, graph, pie chart, table
or simply pick a visual
► Present your fact to the group
Time management
Preparation: 30 minutes
Presentation: 3 minutes max

45. REDUCE STRESS by
 Great preparation;
 rehearsing not memorizing;
 good construction of your speech;
 knowing your audience;
 owning your subject matter;
 testing the equipment you will use;
 creating support materials.
Your audience wants you to succeed. They’re on your side.
They’re glad it’s you up there and not them!

46. 5 ASPECTS WHICH DESERVE ATTENTION
1. Eye contact
The eyes are the keys to the soul
► convincing: your honesty, openness, confidence in
the objective of your presentation
2. Voice
► projection and variation
► vary the pitch and tempo of your presentation

47. 3. Expression
► make sure your facial expressions are natural;
►make sure your facial expressions match your message

48. 4. Appearance
► When you are giving a presentation
dress for the audience,
not for yourself

49. 5. Posture and Body stance
Use your whole body as a dynamic tool

50. ► Stand firmly rooted (posture)
Body orientation: shoulders in direction of
your audience
► Starting position: assume a positive attitude
► Support the content
Intentional beckoning with gestures, signals
Appeal to the audience & attract

51. 1. Lack of focus
2. Unprepared
3. Lateness
4. The wrong image
6. Ineffective use of visual aids
7. Too much material
8. Monotonous
9. No audience relation/knowledge
10. Weak evidence

52. ONE
MINUTE
What is your USP?
~Unique Selling Proposition~

53. TRICKS OF THE TRADE
● Connect from the start with your audience
• Be real/ Be clear/Be alert - shift if necessary
• Repeat/recapitulate
• Narrate – communicate your message using imagery
• Draw a picture or a sign
• Use the right amount of humor
• Use appropriate quotations (credit the source)

54. …continued
• Presentation tools: keep it short and simple
• Pace yourself
• Practice Practice Practice
• Dress for success
• Relax
• Thank your audience
• Evaluate /ask for feedback/follow up

55. “You can't connect the dots looking forward; you can only
connect them looking backwards. So you have to trust that
the dots will somehow connect in your future.”
Steve Jobs Stanford Commencement Speech 2005

56. THANK YOU
FOR
YOUR ATTENTION

57. GOOD LUCK TO YOU!
Luck has nothing to do with success!
Work hard, be keen and be consistent with your efforts.

58. E.M.M. Dols
Communication Specialist
Hofstraat 5
6191 HT Beek
The Netherlands
M +31 (0)6 1278 1246
E-mail: connect@communication-realization.com
Website: www.communication-realization.com
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