Report in MAPEH III about The Most Common Communicable Diseases

2. COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
• Communicable diseases are caused by pathogens
passed from one human to another. Pathogens are
viral, bacterial, parasitic and fungal.
• Methods of transmission include
mucus, blood, breath, saliva and sexual contact.
Contaminated surfaces, such as
doorknobs, counter tops and playground
equipment, provide a medium for passing disease
from one human to another.

3. COMMON COLD
• The common cold is the most common
communicable diseases in the world.
• This is a disease of the upper respiratory tract
which is caused by a virus.
• You can get a cold virus by direct contact with a
person who has cold or by inhaling an airborne cold
virus.
• Most people catch cold by touching an object that
has cold viruses on it.
• They can transfer the viruses from their hands to
their eyes, nose, our mouth.

4. COMMON COLDS
• More than 200 different viruses are known to cause
the common cold -- and the miserable symptoms
that come with it.
• The most common cold viruses include:
• Rhinoviruses
• Coronaviruses
• Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) –
• Adenovirus
• Human Para influenza virus

5. TRIVIA ABOUT COLDS
• The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases states that as
of 2007, Americans have an estimated 1 billion colds each year.
• The age group most susceptible to repeated colds is children.
• People older than 60 average less than one cold a year.
• Because so many different viruses can cause a cold and because new
cold viruses constantly develop, the body never builds up resistance
against all of them. For this reason, colds are a frequent and recurring
problem. In fact, children in preschool and elementary school can have
six to 12 colds per year while adolescents and adults typically have
two to four colds per year.
• It is estimated that individuals in the United States suffer 1 billion colds
per year, with approximately 22 million days of school absences
recorded annually.

6. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
1. Congestion
2. Watery Eyes
3. Itching in Nose, Throat or Eyes
4. Feeling Tired
5. Fever
6. Cough
7. Headache

7. COMPLICATIONS OF THE COMMON COLD
• Complications of the common cold can sometimes
lead to bacterial infections of your middle ear (otitis
media) or sinuses (sinusitis), requiring treatment
with antibiotics.
• High fever, significantly swollen glands, severe
sinus pain, and a cough that produces mucus may
indicate a complication or a more serious illness
requiring a visit to your healthcare provider.

8. WHAT TO DO
1. HAVE PLENTY OF
REST.
2. DRINK PLETY OF
FLUIDS.
 THERE ARE OTHER STEPS THAT CAN BE TAKEN TO MAKE
3. EAT NUTRICIOUS
AN INFANT OR A SMALL CHILD WITH A COLD MORE
FOODS.
COMFORTABLE:
• THE NOSE CAN BE CLEARED WITH A BULB SYRINGE
(ASK YOUR PEDIATRICIAN).
• SALTWATER NOSE DROPS (MADE FROM A TEASPOON
OF SALT AND EIGHT OUNCES OF WARM WATER) MAY
BE SOOTHING EVERY FEW HOURS.
• WARM HUMIDIFIED AIR CAN ALLEVIATE CONGESTION.

9. PREVENTION OF COMMON COLD
• NO MEDICINES CAN CURE THE COMMON COLD.
• SOME MEDICINES CAN LESSEN YOUR SYMPTONS
WHILE YOUR BODY FIGHTS THE COLD, BUT THEY
WILL NOT HELP YOUGET WELL ANY FASTER.
• IN FACT, OVERUSE OF SOME COLD MEDICATION
CAN CAUSE THE COLD TO LAST LONGER OR THE
VIRUS TO SPREAD.
• GOOD HEALTH PRACTICES GIVE YOUR BODY THE
BEST CHANCE TO FIGHT THE VIRUS.

11. INFLUENZA
• INFLUENZA OR FLU IS A HIGHLY CONSTAGIOUS
DISEASE.
• IT SPREADS FROM PERSON TO PERSON
THROUGH SPITTING, SNEEZING, COUGHING,
KISSING, OR USING ARTICLES FRESHLY SOILED
WITH DISCHARGES FROM THE NOSE AND THROAT
OF AN INFECTED PERSON.

12. WHAT TO DO
1. CONSULT ANY HEALTH PERSONNEL OR DOCTOR
WHEN FEVER, HEADACHE, RUNNYNOSE, AND
PAIN IN THE JOINTS DEVELOP.
2. OBSERVE PROPER PERSONAL HYGIENE.
3. STAY WARM IN BED AND HAVE PLENTY OF REST.
4. DRINK PLEANTY OF LIQUIDS SUCH AS JUICES,
MILK, WATER, AND SOUP.
5. EAT LIGHT MEALS.

13. PREVENTION OF INFLUENZA
1. AVOID CROWDS.
2. USE YOUR OWN TOILET ARTICLES AND
HANDKERCHIEF.
3. BUILD UP YOUR RESISTANCE WITH NUTRICIOUS
FOODS, GOOD REST, AND SLEEP AND REGULAR
EXERCISE.
4. AVOID SUDDEN CHANGES IN TEMPERATURE AND
EXPOSURE TO RAIN.
5. OBSERVE STRICT PERSONAL HYGIENE.

14. PNUEMONIA
• PNUEMONIA IS A SERIOUS CONSTAGIOUS
DISEASE OF LUNGS CAUSED BY PNUEMONOCCUS
AND OTHER BACTERIA.
• IT SPREAD THROUGH DROPLETS FROM A
PATIENT’S COUGH OR SNEEZE, DIRECT CONTACT
KISSING, OR THE USE OF ARTICLES FRESHLY
SOILED WITH DISCHARGE FROM A PATIENT’S
NOSE AND THROAT.
• UNTREATED COLD OR INFLUENZA MAY DEVELOP
INTO PNUEMONIA.

15. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS
1. HEADACHE
2. SUDDEN ONSET OF HIGH FEVER AND CHILLS
3. CHEST AND BACK PAIN FOR A MONTH
4. AFTERNOON FEVER FOR MORE THAN A MONTH
5. LOSS OF WEIGHT AND APPETITE

16. WHAT TO DO
1. CONSULT A DOCTOR WHEN SYMPTOMS PERSIST.
2. BRING THE PATIENT TO THE HOSPITAL IS
SERIOUS SYMPTOMS LIKE COUGHING OUT
BLOOD IS PRESENT.

17. PREVENTION OF