Energy year 2020 district heating statistics

1. Energy Year 2020
District Heating
18.2.2021
Finnish Energy

2. Share of climate neutral energy sources more than a
half in district heat supply: 54 %
Share of renewables and heat recovery increased from 49 percent to 54 percent
18.2.2021
2
• Recovered (recycled) heat: energy
that would otherwise go to waste
• Other biofuels: includes also the bio
share of municipal waste
• Other: non-bio share of municipal
waste, plastic or hazardous waste,
electricity.
2020
2019

3. Share of renewables has more than doubled and share of heat
recovery has more than tripled during last ten years
Share of renewables has increased from 19 to 42 percent and heat recovery from 3 to
11 percent
18.2.2021
3
2020 2010

4. Share of renewables and recovered heat well
more than a half in district heat supply
18.2.2021
4
• Fossil fuels have increasingly
been replaced by biomass and
recovered heat.
• Use of biomass has more than
doubled during last decade.
• Amount of recovered heat has
more than tripled since 2010.
Recovered heat consists
mainly of waste heat. Fuel
consumption is avoided by
making use of surplus heat.
• The share of oil has decreased
being now less than 1%.

5. Use of renewables in the production of district heat and
cogeneration has increased more than a fivefold during the
last two decades
18.2.2021
5
• In municipalities where district
heating is provided
– 70 per cent of networks heat
comes from renewable fuels or
recovered heat
– 90 per cent of networks heat
comes from domestic energy
sources.
• Renewable fuels used in producing
district heat are e.g. forest
fuelwood, industrial wood residue,
bio share of municipal waste,
biogas, biofuel oil.

6. The amount of recovered heat in district heating
has more than tripled since year 2010
18.2.2021
6
• Recovered heat consists mainly of
waste heat.
• Fuel consumption can be avoided by
making use of surplus heat. Heat can
be recovered from data centers,
industrial processes, flue gases,
sewage water etc.
• The amount of recovered heat in
district heating has increased by 3,5
times during the last ten years.

7. CO2 emissions from district
heat production are decreasing

8. Specific CO2-emissions from district heat production
have decreased by 46 % during the last ten years
18.2.2021
8
• Specific emissions from district
heat production in 2020 were
127 gCO2/kWh(*, which
• Decreased by 13 % from
the previous year
• Decreased by 46 % during
the last ten years
• Biomass and waste heat
replaced the use of coal and
peat in DH production, partially
also natural gas
*) Fuels used in combined heat and power
production were allocated according to the benefit
allocation method
Sources:
Statistics Finland (2000...2018)
Finnish Energy (1976...1999, 2019…2020)

9. CO2-emissions from district heat production decreased by 13 %,
district heat production decreased by 6 % due to warm weather
18.2.2021
9
• CO2-emissions from district heat
production in 2020 were 4,4
Million tons and have
decreased
• by 13 % from the previous
year
• by 46 % during the last ten
years.
• Temperature corrected district
heat sales has increased by 9%
during the last ten years.

10. District heat is produced
nearby the customer

11. Temperature corrected district heat demand
18.2.2021
11
• District heat consumption 30,7 TWh
• The heating season was more than
3 oC warmer than normal year and
1,5 oC warmer than previous year.
• The district heat consumption
decreased by 6,1 % from previous
year due to warm weather.
• Temperature corrected district heat
consumption 36,9 TWh
• Temperature corrected heat
consumption was 1,1 % higher than
previous year.
• Temperature correction takes into
account annual temperature
differences.

12. Monthly district heat demand
- five times more heat needed in winter months than in summer months
18.2.2021
12
Year 2020 was 3 oC warmer than
the normal period of 1981-2010
• All months during the heating
season were considerably
warmer than normal.
The cold winter months
exemplify the need for a wide
palette of fuels to ensure the
security of supply of heating.

13. Peat has become an expensive
fuel

14. Cost-effect of ETS on peat and tax of peat have
multiplied in a couple of years
18.2.2021
14
ETS = Emissions Trading System
The price of emission allowance 33,4 €/tCO2
➢ Cost-effect of ETS on peat 12,7 €/MWh
(January 2021)
Tax of peat 5,7 €/MWh
(starting from 1.1.2021)

15. Peat has become an expensive fuel compared to
forest residues
18.2.2021
15

16. District heat is the most common
source of space heating in Finland

17. Market share of space heating 2018
Residential, commercial and public buildings
18.2.2021
17
Heat pump: includes the electricity
consumption of heat pumps
Electricity: includes the electricity
consumption of heat distribution
equipment and electric sauna stoves
Wood: includes the wood used by
sauna stoves
Source: Statistics Finland

18. District heating is the most popular method of
heating in new buildings
18.2.2021
18
Market share of district heating in
2020
• All buildings 56 %
• Residential buildings 61 %
– Blocks of flats 91 %
– Detached and semi-detached
houses 16 %
• Office buildings 90 %
• Public service buildings 74 %
• Commercial buildings 60 %
• Industrial and mining and
quarrying buildings 50 %
• Warehouses 44 %
Source: Statistics Finland, Granted building permits (heated cubic volume)

19. Main heating method in new buildings
18.2.2021
19
Source: Statistics Finland, Granted building permits (heated cubic volume)

20. District cooling is cost-effective
and environmentally friendly

21. District cooling business continues to expand
Connected load increased by 10 %
18.2.2021
21
• District cooling sales
increased by 3 % from the
previous year.
• District cooling sales did not
increase as much as the
connected load since this
summer was cooler than the
previous one.
Energy companies which sold district cooling
2020:
• Etelä-Savon Energia Oy
• Fortum Power and Heat Oy
• Helen Oy
• Jyväskylän Energia Oy
• Kuopion Energia Oy
• Lahti Energia Oy
• Lempäälän Lämpö Oy
• Pori Energia Oy
• Tampereen Sähkölaitos Oy
• Turku Energia Oy
• Vierumäen Infra Oy

22. Nearly 90% of district cooling energy is produced from
energy sources that would otherwise be unutilized
18.2.2021
22
• Same heat pumps often produce
both heat and cooling energy
– the cooling water is cooled and the
district heating water is warmed up
in the same process.
• District cooling also utilizes the
ambient energy from sea, lakes and
rivers as well as outdoor air
whenever the temperature is low
enough.