The document discusses industry standards and how they impact cable assembly designs. It defines various types of standards including materials-centric, product-centric, safety-centric, and customer-centric standards. It also discusses key standards organizations, different types of standards documents, and examples of performance and safety standards that are important for cable assemblies. The document aims to provide an overview of the many industry standards that must be considered in cable assembly design.

1.  DELIVERING QUALITY SINCE 1952.
Industry Standards &
How They Impact Cable
Assembly Designs
2.12.15

2. 2
Agenda
 Definitions
 Levels of Standards To Be Concerned With
– Materials-centric
• Dimensional Standards
• Construction Standards
– Product-centric
• Performance Standards
– Safety-centric
• Flammability Levels
– Customer-centric
• Exact Color Matches
• Overmold Dimensions
• Logo Matches
 Worldwide Standards
 Standards Examples

3. 3
Guiding Principle Of A Standard
Standards Should:
 Show Relationship To Design
For Manufacturability (DFM) And
Design For The Environment
(DFE)
 Minimize Time To Market
 Contain Simple (Simplified)
Language
 Just Include Spec Information
 Focus On End Product
Performance
 Include a Feedback System On
Use And Problems For Future
Improvement
IPC/WHMA-A-620B Executive Committee 1995
Standards Should Not:
Inhibit Innovation
Increase Time-To-Market
Keep People Out
Increase Cycle Time
Tell You How To Make
Something
Contain Anything That Cannot Be
Defended With Data

4. 4
What Is A “Standard”
 Standard – “Something considered by an authority or by general
consent as a basis of comparison; an approved model; an accepted or
approved example of something against which others are judged or
measured”.
 Use Of A Standard Is Wholly Voluntary.
 A Standard Does Not Mandate That There Is Only One Way That A
Product Or Procedure Can Be Engineered.
 “The nice thing about standards is that there are so many of them to
choose from” 1
– Reference to the fact that competing standards become a source of confusion,
division, obsolescence, and duplication of effort instead of an enhancement to the
usefulness of products.
1
Andrew Tanenbaum

5. 5
What Is “Code”
 Code – “A systematic statement of a body of laws, especially one
given statutory force; a system of principles or rules”.
 Most Recognized Electrical Engineering Code Of The United States Is
The National Fire Protection Association’s NFPA 70 National Electric
Code.
– Generally Accepted As Nationally Accepted Consensus Code In Electrical
Engineering.
– Must Still Be Adopted By Individual Governing Bodies Mandating Its Acceptance
And Use By Law To The Authority Having Jurisdiction.
 Use Of A Code May Be Voluntary Or Mandated By Law.
 Code Is A Living Document With Changes Made To Keep It Up To
Date With Changes In Technology.

6. 6
What Are “Recommended Practices”
 Recommended Practices – “Method or technique that has
consistently shown results superior to those achieved with other
means; can evolve to become better as improvements are discovered”
 Recommended Practices Are Electric Design And Installation
Practices Which Have Been Generally Accepted In The Electrical
Industry As Safe, Reliable, Effective, And Maintainable
 Recommended Practices Are Not Considered
To Be A Fixed Rule, Code, Or Standard
 Anticipated That Sound Engineering Judgment
Will Be Utilized When Implementing A
Recommended Practice

7. 7
Materials-centric Standards Related
To Cable Assemblies
 ASTM – American Society For Testing And Materials
– Six Categories Of Standards
• Standard Specification
• Standard Test Method
• Standard Practice
• Standard Guide
• Standard Classification
• Technology Standard
– B1 Standard For Hard Drawn Copper Wire
– B2 Standard For Medium Hard Drawn Copper Wire
– B3 Standard For Soft Or Annealed Copper Wire
– B8 Standard For Concentric Lay Stranded Copper Conductors
– B172 Standard For Rope Lay Copper Conductors
– B787 Standard For 19 Wire Unilay Stranded Wire
– B193 Test Method For Resistivity Of Electrical Conductor Materials
– B258 Specification For Nominal Diameters Of Solid Round Wires

8. 8
Safety-centric Standards
 Majority Of Safety Standards In North America Written By UL And CSA.
 Many Standards Harmonized Between UL And CSA.
– Allows Coverage With One Document.
 Standards Enforced By Authority Having Jurisdiction.
– Fire Marshall, Building Inspector, City Code Inspector, Building Owner
 Safety Tests Performed By Third-Party Laboratories
– Accredited By OSHA
 Listed Products Recognized By Print Legend
– Testing Lab Mark Plus LOGO Included
• ETL, CSA, UL
Cable Type UL Standard CSA Standard Harmonized
Communications Cables ANSI/UL 444 CSA 22.2 No. 214 Yes
Optical Fiber Cable ANSI/UL 1651 CSA 22.2 No. 232 No
Flexible Cords And Cables ANSI/UL 62 CSA 22.2 No. 49 Yes

9. 9
Organizations Ensuring Safety Of
Products Used In North America
 ASTM – American Society For Testing And Materials
 IEEE – Institute Of Electrical And Electronics Engineers
– NESC – National Electrical Safety Code
 ICEA – Insulated Cable Engineers Association
 IEC – International Electrotechnical Commission
 NEMA – National Electrical Manufacturers Association
– EFC – Electro Federation of Canada
 CANENA – Council For Harmonization Of Electrotechnical Standardization Of North
America
 ANSI – American National Standards Institute
 NFPA – National Fire Protection Association
– NEC – National Electrical Code
 ANCE – Association Of Standardization And Certification
 IAEI – International Association of Electrical Inspectors

10. 10
Building Code Establishment
 November 28, 1942 - Fire At Cocoanut Grove Night Club, Boston
– Fire Was Motivating Force Leading To Development And Enforcement Of Building
Codes
 492 People Died Due To Lack Of Working Exits
 There Were No Occupancy Limits Enforced
 Over 1,000 People Were In Building
– 460 Was Supposed To Be Maximum
 Exits Were Bolted Shut Or Bricked Over
 Only One Operable Exit Door
– Revolving Front Door

11. 11
Performance-centric Verification
 Not Required By Authority Having Jurisdiction.
– Does Not Affect Human Safety
 Intended To Provide End Users Confidence Product Performs As
Expected
 Ensures Interoperability And Expected Performance
 Performance Standards Examples
– ANSI/TIA-568-C.2
– ISO/IEC 11801
– EN 50173-1
– IEEE 802.3

12. 12
Standards Impacting Assembly
Performance
 Electrical Characteristics Of Assemblies Must Meet Or Exceed
Standards Set By Variety Of Organizations.
– Includes TIA/EIA, ISO/IEC, IEEE, NEC, NFPA
 Assemblies Must Meet Safety Requirements Set By UL/CSA.
– Based on Environment
 Performance May Need To Be Ensured By NRTL.
– 15 Facilities Recognized By OSHA
– Environmental
– Safety
– Electrical

13. 13
Customer-centric Standards
 Cover Wide Range Of Issues
– Jacket Color – Match Equipment Color
– Logo – Specific Fonts, Colors, Designs
– Over Mold Designs

14. 14
Standards Not Always Adhered To
 Products Manufactured Outside North America Have Been Found To
Be Out Of Compliance With Codes And Standards.
– Do Not Meet Safety Requirements Set By North American Code And
Standards Organizations
– Safety Standards Maintained By UL
– Codes & Standards Provide Framework For Electrical Products To Be
Manufactured And Installed Safely
– Provide Consistency And Protection For Manufacturers And Users
– Standards Help Purchasers Select Most Appropriate Product For Their
Needs
– Electrical Codes And Standards Designed To Ensure The Manufacture
And Installation Of Safe Products
– Most Common Regulatory Approval Is UL Listing Mark
– If Non-Compliant Products Are Used Contractors Expose Themselves To
Liability For Product Failure And Resulting Safety Issues

15. 15
Worldwide Standards
 Trend Towards International Harmonization Of Codes, Standards, And
Recommended Practices
 In Past United States Codes And Standards Readily Accepted
 Emergence Of European Union And Other Regional Trade
Organizations
– Many Emerging Economies Have Adopted ISO And IEC Standards
 Development Of Codes, Standards, Recommended Practices Often
Necessitated Because Of Substantial Loss Of Life And Property
 Development Of Codes, Standards, Recommended Practices Can Be
Done By Industry/Manufacturing Groups, Engineering Or Professional
Societies Or Organizations, Or Government Agencies Worldwide

16. 16
TIA (Telecommunications
Industry Association)
 Develops Standards For Cabling Buildings
 Intent Is To Develop A Uniform Wiring Standard
– Goal Is To Support Multivendor Products And Environments
 TIA Standards Widely Adopted And Considered The Global Standard
For Data System Design
 Standards Developed To Create Guidelines
– 568 Commercial Building Telecommunications Wiring Standards
– 569 Commercial Building Standard For Telecommunication Pathways And
Spaces
 Improved Technology Requires Revisions To Standards
– 10-Gigabit Ethernet Uses Larger Cable Requiring Increased Bend Radius
Needs

17. 17
IEEE 802.3 Category Cable Standard
 TIA/EIA-568-A Standard
 Used In Structured Cabling For Computer Networks (Cat-5, Cat-5e, Cat-6,
Cat-7)
– 10BASE-T
– 100BASE-TX (Fast Ethernet)
– 1000BASE-T (Gigabit Ethernet)
– 10GBASE-T (10-Gigabit Ethernet)
 Standard Details And Specifies:
– Performance Characteristics
– Assembly Test Requirements
– Cable Types
– Connector Types
– Conductor Size
– Cabling Topologies
– Color Code For Termination
– Maximum Length For Cable Segment Without Repeaters

18. 18
Medical Industry Standards
 Medical Devices Highly Precise And Sensitive
– Materials Must Perform In Harsh Environments
• Withstand Vibration, Liquids, Sterilization
– More Constricting Than COTS Products
 Medical Industry Is Still A Tethered World
 Medical Assemblies Held To A Higher Standard
– Electrical Performance
– Patient Safety
 Friction Of Components Causes Triboelectric Noise
 Packaging And Medical Manufacturing Are Highly Regulated
 Assemblies Used In Surgical, Interventional, Imaging, Diagnostic &
Therapeutic, Sensors, Single Use

19. 19
Medical Industry Standards
 ANSI/AAMI 53 Standard
– Primary Purpose Was To Promote Patient Safety
• Prevent Inadvertent Connection Of Patient Leads To Power Source
– Defines Cable And Lead Wire Connections With No Exposed Contacts
– Specifies That DIN 42-802 Be Followed
• Specifies Pin & Socket Dimensions.
• Specifies Electrical Contact Setback – Achieves “Touch-Proof” Connection
• States Cleaning, Disinfection, Sterilization Requirements
– Defines Minimum Performance For Critical Electrical Requirements
• Triboelectric Noise
– Developed To Address ECG Cables And Lead Wires
– Commonly Used As A Base To Establish
Performance Criteria For Other Medical
Assembly Applications

20. 20
Medical Industry Standards
 21 CFR 820.30
– Design Control For Product Development Of Medical Devices
 ISO 13485:2003
– ISO Standard Detailing Medical Device Quality Management System
 ISO 14971
– ISO Standard Detailing Requirements For Application Of Risk Management System
For Medical Devices
 MDD 93/42/EEC
– Harmonizes Laws Relating To Medical Devices Within European Union
 ISO 14698
– Standard Describing Principles And Basic Methodology to Control Bio-
Contamination (Cleanroom Practices)

21. 21
InfiniBand Industry Specification
 Developed By The InfiniBand® Trade Association
 Computer Network Communications Link
 Most Commonly Used Interconnect In Supercomputers
 IBTA Compiles integrators List
– Based On Structured Testing To IB Standards
 IBTA Currently Detailing Products By Throughput
– SDR – 2 GBS
– DDR – 4 GBS
– QDR – 8 GBS
– FDR-10 – 10 GBS
FDR – 14 GBS
– EDR – 25 GBS

22. 22
ODVA DeviceNet Technology
 ODVA (Open DeviceNet Vendors Association)
– Global Trade & Standard Development Organization
 DeviceNet
– Trunk And Drop Cables For Industrial Networking
– Communication Network Between Industrial Controllers And I/O Devices
 Products Certified To Conform
– Electrical Performance
– Flex Testing
– Abrasion And Chemical Resistance
– Performance
 Supported By Over 700 Vendors Worldwide

23. 23
Dealing With The Government
 Standards/Regulations Galore
 EAR And ITAR
– Export Administration Regulations
– International Traffic In Arms Regulation
 United States Military Standards
– a.k.a. Defense Standard, Military Standard, MIL-STD, MIL-SPEC
 Achieves Standardization.
 Details Materials And Processes To Use
 Describes The Physical And Operational Characteristics
– Interoperability
– Compliance
– Compatibility

24. 24
Conclusion
 By Referencing Standards Which May Be Either A Test
Method Or A Physical Or Electrical Description, The Task
Of Obtaining A Cable Having The Desired Properties Is
Simplified
 Dealing With A Vendor Familiar With The Various
Standards/Directives Ensures Compliance
 Many Standards That Need To Be Reviewed/Complied
With
 Standards Are Constantly Changing

25. 25
Our Products
Battery Packs Flex & Rigid-Flex PCB’s User Interfaces
Fans & Motors Cable Assemblies Printed Circuit Boards

26. 26
Design Centers & Technical Support
 Battery Pack & Power Management – Denver, CO
 User Interfaces & Cable Assemblies – Largo, FL
 Fans & Motors – Wales, UK & New Bedford, MA
 PCB’s – New Bedford, MA & Shenzhen, China
 Flex & Rigid Flex – Toronto, Canada
 Cable Assemblies – New Bedford, MA & Largo, FL
 Our Engineering and Design teams are ready to help
our customers create world class and cost effective
product solutions.

27. 27
Q&A
 Questions?
– Enter any questions you may have
in the Control Panel.
– If we don’t have time to get to it, we
will reply via email.

28. 28
Thank You
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