5. Objectives..
Upon Completion you will be able to:
1. Identify how TMDS signaling Audio Video links operate
2. Identify the Different Types of Connectors Used In TMDS AV Links
3. Understand how Digital Video is encoded/ decoded
4. Understand the difference in Color Space Options that are used in TMDS
5. Understand Video Bandwidth
6. Calculate TMDS Bandwidth
7. Read A Digital Eye Diagram
8. Understand How Transport (Cable,Fiber) Choice Effects Digital Video
9. Understand EDID,DDC in the Digital Realm
10. Acquire A Basic Understanding of HDCP
11. Create a plan to Trouble Shoot Digital Video
12. Understand what tools are Available to Trouble Shoot Digital Video
6. Course Outline
60 Minute Segments
1. TMDS Link Video and Connectors-
2. Calculating Bandwidth Requirements-
3. Digital EDID and HDCP-
4. Hands On and Trouble Shooting Tips
There will be a short review quiz at the end of each session-
This will serve as documentation of the mastery of each
concept—
Upon a passing grade of the DVE Final Exam you will be
given a certificate of completion for this program.
7. What Signal Is Digital Video ?
Misconceptions on Digital Video
HDMI-DVI-Display Port- RJ45-BNC-F Connector
The Above are Not Necessarily a Video signal type
There Are 6 Main Types Of Digital Video Transmissions
HDMI/DVI/Display Port (Dual Mode) –TMDS Link
Display Port Native-- MLL
Modulated --ATSC/8VSB/AC-3/QAM
Broadcast--SDI/HD SDI/Dual-link HDSDI/3g SDI
IP Standards Based--Mpeg/ AVB/ HDbaseT
IP--Proprietary
8. Section- 1 TMDS Link
Transition Minimized Differential
Signaling and Digital Audio/ Video
9. TMDS-/Transition Minimized Differential Signaling
4 Simultaneous Streams
Data Chan 0 Typically Blue, Cr or Audio
Clock Channel Ensures
Three Data Channels are
Data Chan 1 Typically Green,Y or Audio
in Sync
Data Chan 2 Typically Red, Cb or Audio The Data Channels May
Contain Video, Audio, Or
Clock Channel Assures the above Other Info
Channels Arrive At the Same Time
Used By DVI-D
Used By HDMI
Used By Dual Mode
Display Port
The Encoder or Decoder
Determines How The
Info Is Used..
Not the Connector
12. TMDS-Link Audio/Video
TMDS carries video, audio, and auxiliary data during one of the three modes, called the
Control Period,The Video Data Period,and the Data Island Period .
During the Control Period (Occurs between Video and Data Island periods.)
Information is carried on Color Depth and is required for Deep Color. The Gamut Metadata
Packet carries information on the color space being used for the current video stream
and is required for xvYCC.
During the Video Data Period, the pixels of an active video line are transmitted.
During the Data Island period
(Occurs during the horizontal and vertical blanking intervals)
Audio and auxiliary data are transmitted within a series of packets.
The ability to send audio/auxiliary data using 4b/10b encoding for the Data Island Period.
Was Placed into the TMDS Encoder Decoders by the HDMI Standard
13. 1080p Example- 1 Frame
Control Video Period H Data Island Period
Period
Line-1 Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color)
O 7.1 audio information
R
Line-2 Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color) I 7.1 audio information
Line-3 Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color) Z 7.1 audio information
Line-4 Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color) A 7.1 audio information
Line-5 Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color)
N 7.1 audio information
T
Use xvYCC Line-5 Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color) A 7.1 audio information
Color Space Line-7 Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color) L 7.1 audio information
Line-8 Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color) 7.1 audio information
B
L
Repeat –Repeat--Repeat A
N
Line-1080 Pixel-1(color)—Pixel-2(Color)-------------Pixel-1920(color) K 7.1 audio information
Vertical Blank ---Start Over With Line One
Time It Takes to Complete = Refresh Rate per second
14. Digital Color Space
Color Space is the Method that determines what color each
individual pixel should be.
We will explore the 3 most common:
1- RGB
2- YCbCr
3-XV Color (Formerly known as XV YCC)
15. Digital RGB Color Space
A Digital method of telling a Single Pixel What Color It Should Be
Is an Additive Color Model
Is represented In 3 Pieces of Info : Red Level-Green Level-Blue Level
(0-255 For Each Color Level)
Example: 8 Bit Byte For:
Microsoft Medium Grey (Red-128,Green-128,Blue-128)
Yellow (Red-255,Green-255,Blue-000)
In 8 Bit Per color 1 Pixel = 24Bits are possible Total 16.7 Million Colors
17. Digital YCbCr Color Space
A Digital method of telling a Single Pixel What Color It Should Be
Is a Short Hand To represent Color RGB
YCbCR is the Digital Method Of YPbPr
Y=Luminance (Black and White) is sent at High Resolution
Cb Cr= Chroma Components
Cb Is the Blue difference from Green
Cr Is the Red Difference From Green
Green is calculated From the Cb Cr Levels
The Chroma can be sent/ stored at a lower data method
This is called SubSampling
YCbCr 4:4:4= 4 Lumance Samples 4 Chrominance Samples (line 1) 4 Chrominace samples (line 2)
(Requires More Data to determine color)
YCbCr 4:2:2= 4 Lumance Samples 2 Chrominance Samples (line 1) 2 Chrominace samples (line 2)
(Requires Less Data to determine color)
18. YCbCr-Frame Example
Y=Luminance
Cb=Blue Difference from Green
Cr=Red Difference from Green
21. Albert Munsel
Color Space is the Method that determines what color each
individual pixel should be.
We will explore the 3 most common:
1- RGB
2- YCbCr
3-XV Color (Formerly known as XV YCC)
22. Albert Munsel-hue
Color Space is the Method that determines what color each
individual pixel should be.
We will explore the 3 most common:
1- RGB
2- YCbCr
3-XV Color (Formerly known as XV YCC)
25. x.v. Color Different Flavor of component-Not more bandwidth
A different Method of component –
Can Create 1.8 times More Different Saturation than Than sRGB
Was introduced in 2006
Included In the HDMI 1.3 Encoder Standard
Sony and Mitsubishi Are the largest Player For Displays
Play Station 3
Not Supported by Blu Ray Movies as of yet
Almost All new Computer Graphic Cards AMD-Intel-nVidia Support it
Only Format that uses negative values (instead of 0-100%)
Red at 50% Green at 100% Blue at –20%
THIS IS NOT DEEP COLOR– Which Does Require More Bandwidth
29. TMDS Based Connectors
There are 3 Main Connector types
TMDS Link Audio/Video:
1- DVI-I and DVI-D
2- HDMI
3- Display Port Dual Mode
30. TMDS Based Connectors-DVI
DVI- Founders- Digital Display Working Group
Intel Corporation, Silicon Image, Inc., Compaq Computer Corp., Fujitsu Limited, Hewlett-Packard Company,
International Business Machines Corp., and NEC Corporation
Max Resolution Digital Single - 2098x1311 (Single Link)
Max Resolution Digital Dual – 3840x2400 (Dual Link)
Encoders may be different but Single Link is compatible to the HDMI A cable
Encoders may be different but Dual Link is compatible to the HDMI B cable
Last Update to Standard was Made in 2001
DVI is now a Subset Of HDMI Encoder/Decoder Standards
DVI-I Is backward Compatible to Analog
31. DVI- Digital Video Interface
5 Flavors- For Connectors
Typical Color Encoding
Uses TMDS-Analog sRGB- Methods
DVI-I Single Link
Some Devices Do More
DVI-I Dual Link
DVI-D Single Link
DVI-D Dual Link
DVI-A (Analog Only)
32. TMDS Based Connectors-HDMI
HDMI- Founders- HDMI Licensing, LLC
Hitachi, Matsushita Electric,Industrial Panasonic/National/Quasar, Philips, Silicon Image, Sony,Thomson (RCA), and Toshiba
10,000 dollar Licensee fee 5cents per port for major Manufactures
Authorized Testing Centers
-Silicon Image-USA /China
-Panasonic-Japan -Phillips Europe/India
HD Resolution 2560 x 1600
Max Color Depth 48 Bit
1.4 New standard
Adds 3d Support
Audio Return Channel (Internal Tv Tuner Audio)
Higher Resolution
Mini Single Link Style C is Becoming Popular
1.4 Encoders will function on older Cables (19 Pin)Type A—
New 1.4 Cable (29 Pin) Type B is needed to add
Audio Return Channel
Ethernet
Higher Resolution– 3840x2400– (Dual Link TMDS)
33. This image cannot currently be display ed.
HDMI-High Definition Multimedia Interface
Type A receptacle HDMI
Pin 1 TMDS Data2+
Pin 2 TMDS Data2 Shield
Pin 3 TMDS Data2–
Pin 4 TMDS Data1+
Pin 5 TMDS Data1 Shield
Pin 6 TMDS Data1–
Pin 7 TMDS Data0+
Typical Color Space
Pin 8 TMDS Data0 Shield
Pin 9 TMDS Data0–
Encoding-
Pin 10 TMDS Clock+ xvYCC- 4:4:4 (8-16 Bit)
Pin 11 TMDS Clock Shield
New Method
Pin 12 TMDS Clock–
sRGB (8-16 Bit)
Pin 13 CEC
Pin 14 Reserved - (Optional, HDMI 1.4+ with Ethernet) (DVI-CPU Standards)
Pin 15 SCL (I²C Serial Clock for DDC) YCbCr 4:4:4 (8-16 Bit)
Pin 16 SDA (I²C Serial Data Line for DDC) -Digital Component
Pin 17 DDC/CEC/HEC Ground Higher Quality Sub Sample
Pin 18 +5 V Power (max 50 mA)
YCbCr 4:2:2 (8-12 Bit)
Pin 19 Hot Plug Detect (All versions) (Optional, HDMI 1.4+ with Ethernet)
-Digital Component
Lower Quality Sub Sample
34. TMDS Based Connectors-Display Port
Display Port - Founders- VESA Video Electronics Standards Association
NEC- Intel- AMD-Dell Belkin-Barco etc……………………….
Emerging standard for Computers
Locking Connector
Royalty Free HDMI With Dual Mode Display Port
Dual Port Logo
Support For Multiple Displays on a single connector
No CEC
HD TMDS (Single Link) Resolution 2560 x 1600
Higher Resolutions When Using MLL (Display Port Native Mode)
Max Color Depth 48 Bit (Single Link)
35. Display Port Display Port MLL-Normal Mode
Pin 1 ML_Lane 0 (p)-Lane 0 (positive)
Pin 2 GND-Ground
Pin 3 ML_Lane 0 (n)-Lane 0 (negative)
Pin 4 ML_Lane 1 (p)-Lane 1 (positive)
Pin 5 GND-Ground
Pin 6 ML_Lane 1 (n)-Lane 1 (negative)
Pin 7 ML_Lane 2 (p)-Lane 2 (positive)
Pin 8 GND-Ground
Pin 9 ML_Lane 2 (n)-Lane 2 (negative)
Pin 10 ML_Lane 3 (p)-Lane 3 (positive)
Pin 11 GND-Ground
Dual-mode Pin Mapping-TDMS
Pin 12 ML_Lane 3 (n)-Lane 3 (negative)
DisplayPort Pins DVI 1.0/HDMI Mode 1)
Pin 13 CONFIG1 connected to Ground
1)
2 Flavors- Main Link Lane 0 TMDS Clock Pin 14 CONFIG2 connected to Ground
Pin 15 AUX CH (p) Auxiliary Channel
Main Link Lane 1 TMDS Channel 0
Display Port Native Pin 16 GND-Ground
Main Link Lane 2 TMDS Channel 1 Pin 17 AUX CH (n) Auxiliary Channel
Uses MLL Signaling VS TMDS Pin 18 Hot Plug-Hot Plug Detect
Main Link Lane 3 TMDS Channel 2
Pin 19 Return-Return for Power
AUX CH+ DDC Clock
DP (Dual Mode Display Port) Pin 20 DP_PWR-Power for connector (3.3 V 500 mA)
AUX CH- DDC Data
Encoder will Reconfigure Its
Self to TMDS Signal Protocols DP_PWR DP_PWR
To Operate as HDMI/DVI-D Hot Plug Detect Hot Plug Detect
Single Link. Config 1 Cable Adaptor Detect
When The Cable adapter Pin Config 2
Is Detected.
Does Not Provide CEC Control
36. Display port overview
Display Port - Founders- VESA Video Electronics Standards Association
NEC- Intel- AMD-Dell Belkin-Barco etc……………………….
Emerging standard for Computers
Locking Connector
Royalty Free HDMI With Dual Mode Display Port
Dual Port Logo
Support For Multiple Displays on a single connector
No CEC
HD TMDS (Single Link) Resolution 2560 x 1600
Higher Resolutions When Using MLL (Display Port Native Mode)
Max Color Depth 48 Bit (Single Link)
