bony fish or Osteichyes , by Shew Felix

7. A skeleton of bone
Scales
Bony operculum covering
the gill openings
Lungs or a swim bladder

10. Osteichthyes are
primitively
ectothermic
(cold blooded)

15. Movement

18. are taxonomic group
of fish that have bone
in their skeletons.
It is the largest class
of vertebrates in
existence today.

22. Actinopterygii
the ray-finned fish
Sarcopterygii
lobe-finned fish

23. contains fishes that
are sometimes called
the ray-finned fishes
because their fins lack
muscular lobes.

24. They usually possess
swim bladders, gas-
filled sacs along the
dorsal wall of the
cavity that regulate
buoyancy.

28. have muscular lobes
associated with their
fins and usually use
lungs in gas exchange.

34. TYPE OF COELOM:
There is a coelom present among all
osteichthyes. Each Osteichthyes' coeloms vary
slightly, but all have a coelom, which allows them
to move more freely through the water.

35. Musculo-Skeletal
Fish move through the water with
movements of their tail, here different
kinds of fish locomotion are illustrated:

36. ENDOSKELETON or EXOSKELETON:
Osteichthyes have an exoskeleton,
meaning they have an external skeleton
that helps protect the internal organs. Bony
fish differ from the Chondrichthyes because
the bony fish have skeletons actually made
of bone. Most bony fish have scales,
however, some have armor plating, while
others such as catfishes lack any kind of
covering over the exoskeleton and thus are
considered "completely naked".

37. Fish swim with rhythmic side to side
motion of the body or tail
Rhythmic contractions produced by
bands of muscle called myomeres
Locomotion

39. stomach, intestine, pancreas, liver, pyloric
caecae
Pyloric caecae – slender tubes that secrete
digestive enzymes
Plant eaters = long intestine, Meat eaters =
short intestines
Digestive System:

40. Filter feeders filter
plankton through
their gills
Tend to be
smaller, schooling
fish such as
herrings,
anchovies, and
sardines

41. Top feeder bottom feeder

42. Fish ‘breathes’ oxygen
from the water molecules:

45. • The gill is supported by cartilaginous
or bony structure called gill arch
• Gill rakers are used as filters to stop
food from entering gills
• Gill filaments contain the capillaries

46. Circulatory System

48. Lungfish

49. * Brain & spinal cord
* Olfactory sacs or bulbs located on either side of
the head and connected to nostrils (smell)
* Taste buds located in mouths or barbels
* spinal cord, cranial nerves, spinal nerves, sensory
organs -
Nervous System

50. - An inner ear is contained in teloests
which detects sounds and balance.
- A lateral line controls impulse detections
and low frequencies. This line contains
ciliated nerve cells.
- Chemoreceptors are used for sensing
smell
- Weberian ossicle: in freshwater fish for
special acoustic sensory
Sensory Organ

51. The blood of marine fish is less
salty than the water, therefore they
lose water through osmosis
To replace it they must drink
seawater
Regulating Internal Environment

52. Reproduction
Fertilization is usually
external, but can be
internal.

53. Most fish fertilize their eggs externally
Spawning - the process of fertilizing
eggs (fish reproduction)
Fry = baby fish
Broadcast Spawning

54. Development is usually
oviparous (egg-laying;
depositing eggs that develop and
hatch outside the body as a
reproductive strategy)

55. but can be ovoviparity (eggs
are retained in the female,
but the embryo obtains its
nourishment from the egg's
yolk)

56. or viviparous (born alive, as
are most mammals, some
reptiles, and a few fish (as
opposed to being laid as an
egg)

57.  As food,
 2. They give by-products.
 3. To control diseases.