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Extrinsic Pathway
Extrinsic Pathway

Death Ligand

Death Receptors

Caspases
Nuclease/Proteas
e

N

Apoptotic clearance of cell body
- Phagocytosis: is a major mechanism used to remove
pathogens and cell debris
- Example of Phagocytic Cells: Macrophages (Monocytes)
Neutrophils & Eosinophils (Macrophages)
- Similarities between Necrosis and apoptosis is that there
remnanants are phagocytosed
Disorders Associated with
Dysregulated Apoptosis
• Defective apoptosis and increased cell
survival
• - Mutation in p53
– Cancer
– Autoimmune diseases
• Increased apoptosis and excessive cell
death
– Neurodegenerative diseases
– Ischemic injury
– Death of virus infected cells
Question and References
1. Is down-regulation of apoptosis associated with
cancer?
yes
or No
References
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TOR7qJsYDKI
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/cellular-molecular
-biology/stem-cells-and-cancer/e/apoptosis
https://drive.google.com/file/d/149Qw1u_Kbs_i5B4v7QuE_kq8ceLS4LZa/view?usp=sharing
https://drive.google.com/file/d/17H0I1psQB6WPRwfTMelnSpkj7QIvRMD8/view?usp=sharing
https://drive.google.com/file/d/1D4V77LkO5i4jXKXwtmuGKpFR3ARtQh7O/view?usp=sharing

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Apoptosis extrinsic pathway

  • 1. Extrinsic Pathway Extrinsic Pathway  Death Ligand  Death Receptors  Caspases Nuclease/Proteas e  N 
  • 2.
  • 3. Apoptotic clearance of cell body - Phagocytosis: is a major mechanism used to remove pathogens and cell debris - Example of Phagocytic Cells: Macrophages (Monocytes) Neutrophils & Eosinophils (Macrophages) - Similarities between Necrosis and apoptosis is that there remnanants are phagocytosed
  • 4. Disorders Associated with Dysregulated Apoptosis • Defective apoptosis and increased cell survival • - Mutation in p53 – Cancer – Autoimmune diseases • Increased apoptosis and excessive cell death – Neurodegenerative diseases – Ischemic injury – Death of virus infected cells
  • 5. Question and References 1. Is down-regulation of apoptosis associated with cancer? yes or No References https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TOR7qJsYDKI https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/cellular-molecular -biology/stem-cells-and-cancer/e/apoptosis https://drive.google.com/file/d/149Qw1u_Kbs_i5B4v7QuE_kq8ceLS4LZa/view?usp=sharing https://drive.google.com/file/d/17H0I1psQB6WPRwfTMelnSpkj7QIvRMD8/view?usp=sharing https://drive.google.com/file/d/1D4V77LkO5i4jXKXwtmuGKpFR3ARtQh7O/view?usp=sharing

Notes de l'éditeur

  1. Nuclease will breakdown nuclic acid (DNA) Protease break down proteins - whenn the lamins and actin filaments are cleaved how will the cell survive then they start forming blebs
  2. How are the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways are connected? Activation of caspase 3 via caspase 8 can sometimes be sufficient to induce apoptosis in the extrinsic pathway. Sometimes it isn't though. Caspase 8 is also capable of cleaving and activating BID which induces the intrinsic/mitochondrial pathway (via Bak/Bax), Cytochrome c, apaf1,apoptosome,caspade 9,caspade 3,nuclease
  3. Defective apoptosis and increased cell survival- imagine viral infection, DNA damage and the cell keep dividing out of hand its leading to - Cancer