Call for freedom. Understanding aid coordination in Haiti: a new perspective for a new response.
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1. The document describes a design for a coordination hub in Port-au-Prince, Haiti to support permanent aid clusters. 2. The design uses locally available bamboo and earth materials to create comfortable work spaces and a public gathering area. 3. The location near the city center provides accessibility but is also safer during disasters. It is planned for an area currently occupied by a tent camp around an amphitheater.
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Call for freedom. Understanding aid coordination in Haiti: a new perspective for a new response.
- 1. Call For Freedom-NEW (Haitian Art) Acrylic on Canvas 36X48 By Patrice Piard (For The Glory of Haitian Art) CALL FOR FREEDOM www.neeviaPDF.com
- 2. Understanding Aid Coordination in Haiti: a new perspective for a new response TUTORS Alexander Vollebregt_ Research Robert Nottrot_ Architecture Arjan van Timmeren_ Building Tech | P5_ Graduation presentation | 06112013 Federica Garofalo www.neeviaPDF.com
- 4. 1. Introduction 2. Research: theoretical background 3. Research findings 4. Design principles 5. Design 6. Open conclusions www.neeviaPDF.com
- 5. 1. Introduction 2. Research: theoretical background 3. Research findings 4. Design principles 5. Design 6. Open conclusions www.neeviaPDF.com
- 6. 1. Introduction 2. Research: theoretical background 3. Research findings 4. Design principles 5. Design 6. Open conclusions www.neeviaPDF.com
- 7. 1. Introduction 2. Research: theoretical background 3. Research findings 4. Design principles 5. Design 6. Open conclusions www.neeviaPDF.com
- 8. 1. Introduction 2. Research: theoretical background 3. Research findings 4. Design principles 5. Design 6. Open conclusions www.neeviaPDF.com
- 9. 1. Introduction 2. Research: theoretical background 3. Research findings 4. Design principles 5. Design 6. Open conclusions www.neeviaPDF.com
- 10. 1. Introduction 2. Research: theoretical background 3. Research findings 4. Design principles 5. Design 6. Open conclusions www.neeviaPDF.com
- 12. before we start talking... understand the context ...video www.neeviaPDF.com
- 13. WARNING! THE CONTENT OF THIS VIDEO MIGHT BE DISTURBING VIEWER DISCRETION IS ADVISED ATTEZIONE! IL CONTENUTO DI QUESTO VIDEO PU0’ ESSERE SCIOC- CANTE: LA VISIONE è A DISCREZIONE DEL PUBBLICOwww.neeviaPDF.com
- 16. I have my reasons for being here... www.neeviaPDF.com
- 17. 1. Big disaster = complex research, simple design 2. Connect real problems to formal choices 3. Use of alternative materials www.neeviaPDF.com
- 18. 1. Big disaster = complex research, simple design • Understand a complex reality with massive contrasts • Simple project, big impact 2. Connect real problems to formal choices 3. Use of alternative materials www.neeviaPDF.com
- 19. 1. Big disaster = big challenges in research & design 2. Connect real problems to formal choices • Traducing problems into coherent architectural forms 3. Use of alternative materials www.neeviaPDF.com
- 20. 1. Big disaster = big challenges in research & design 2. Connect real problems to formal choices 3. Use of alternative materials • Integration in the cultural identity of Haiti www.neeviaPDF.com
- 24. 1. why aid coordination? www.neeviaPDF.com
- 25. 2. why in haiti? www.neeviaPDF.com
- 27. FEW FACTS ABOUT HAITI 1. Poverty and illiteracy 2. Tropical climate 3. Country of voodoo 4. Rich artistic culture Ayiti “Land of Mountains” www.neeviaPDF.com
- 28. May 1 2011: Rosa St. Fleur, 45, stands with her children outside the metal shack they shared within the garbage-filled slum of Cité Soleil, Haiti. Picture by Ben Rusnak FEW FACTS ABOUT HAITI 1. Poverty and illiteracy 2. Tropical climate 3. Country of voodoo 4. Rich artistic culture www.neeviaPDF.com
- 29. FEW FACTS ABOUT HAITI 1. Poverty and illiteracy 2. Tropical climate 3. Country of voodoo 4. Rich artistic culture Image from touristmaker.comwww.neeviaPDF.com
- 30. FEW FACTS ABOUT HAITI 1. Poverty and illiteracy 2. Tropical climate 3. Country of voodoo 4. Rich artistic culture Haitian voodoo dolls Picture from madamepickwickartblog.com www.neeviaPDF.com
- 31. FEW FACTS ABOUT HAITI 1. Poverty and illiteracy 2. Tropical climate 3. Country of voodoo 4. Rich artistic culture Bidonville after the earthquake, Haitian artist FRANCILLON LAMEURwww.neeviaPDF.com
- 32. 250.000 people killed, more than 300.000 harmed. 1.7 million people left homeless In 2012 still over a million people living in tents. January 12,2010 | Earthquake in Haiti Picture taken on January 14, 2010 by Juar48 http://www.flickr.com/photos/juar/4275677590/ www.neeviaPDF.com
- 33. haiti is a challenging context www.neeviaPDF.com
- 34. Picture by Picture by Corbis fragile state, poverty natural disasters + complex emergency www.neeviaPDF.com
- 35. Disasters are disasters different effects according to where they hit www.neeviaPDF.com
- 36. Earthquakeinl’Aquila, Italy, 2009 Earthquake in Haiti, 2010 Image source http://www.celva.it/primopianoc.asp?id=17&l=1&n=187 Image source ©Alison Wright death, distruction and displacement Magnitude 6.3 308 deaths, 80.000 homeless Magnitude 7.0 250.000 deaths, 1.7 million homeless www.neeviaPDF.com
- 37. disaster after disaster no time to recovery no development www.neeviaPDF.com
- 39. A child wades through a sea of styrofoam and plastic containers looking for plastic bottles that the family will sell for money in the slum area of Citi Soliel in Port-au-Prince, on September 13, 2011. (Reuters/Swoan Parker) www.neeviaPDF.com
- 40. what happens after a disaster? www.neeviaPDF.com
- 41. three main phases: 1. emergency first 6 months 2. recovery short term development 2-5 years 3. long term development from 5 years on www.neeviaPDF.com
- 42. in Haiti: recovery but no long term development 1. emergency 2. short term 3. long term www.neeviaPDF.com
- 43. vicious cycle of reconstruction leads to short term development Build - destruction - rebuild - destruction - rebuild - destructionwww.neeviaPDF.com
- 44. obstinate reconstruction without changing or adapting to the environment Build - destruction - rebuild - destruction - rebuild - destruction Human Nature Strikes Back by Daniel Cuomo Source: http://egn56.deviantart.com/art/Human-Nature-Strikes-Back-61132319 www.neeviaPDF.com
- 45. how do we break this vicious cycle? www.neeviaPDF.com
- 46. the 2010 haiti earthquake, can be a starting point towards a radical change 2010 2013 ?www.neeviaPDF.com
- 47. From disasters to aid coordination www.neeviaPDF.com
- 48. The future reconstruction of Haiti by Ricardo, for El Mundo. The writing on the man's knapsack says, International Aid www.neeviaPDF.com
- 49. Helping people in Haiti. (Chinese official media’s reporting of earth- quake aid for Haiti carries a nationalistic, self-promotional tune.) 2010.1.18 @Haiti www.neeviaPDF.com
- 50. Total Donations for Haiti Earthquake Relief: TOTAL: $14.9 billion + debt forgiveness CBSnews, Haiti earthquake aid, 20-04-2010 www.neeviaPDF.com
- 51. why so much money but no development?! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 52. who uses the money: humanitarian aid www.neeviaPDF.com
- 53. Current aid system: clusters UN clusters by UN OCHA www.neeviaPDF.com
- 54. UN clusters by UN OCHA Current aid system: clusters ruled by United Nations is not an official part of the haitian government www.neeviaPDF.com
- 55. Current aid system: clusters the clusters are the actors which decide how things are done UN clusters by UN OCHA www.neeviaPDF.com
- 56. Current aid system: clusters the clusters are the actors which decide how things are done delivery of aid UN clusters by UN OCHA www.neeviaPDF.com
- 57. Cooking kits provided by World Vision are distributed to earthquake survivors in Haiti, following the earthquake that struck the capital on 12 January 2010. Picture by Joshua Lee Kelsey www.neeviaPDF.com
- 59. clusters: problems temporary system foreign aid UN clusters by UN OCHAwww.neeviaPDF.com
- 60. clusters: problems temporary system gaps in the local system foreign aid little involvement of haitians agencies UN clusters by UN OCHAwww.neeviaPDF.com
- 61. NGO cartoon by © Chris Riddell 2010 VERTICALITY OF THE CLUSTER APPROACH MAIN ORGANIZATION CLUSTER coordinators NGOs in the clusters PRODUCTS SUB BSUB A A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ... B C D E F G H www.neeviaPDF.com
- 62. Where do cluster people meet? www.neeviaPDF.com
- 63. in tents or containers: temporary structures UN base camp by MINUSTAH on Flicker www.neeviaPDF.com
- 64. example of shelter cluster meeting... Image by Shelter Cluster www.neeviaPDF.com
- 65. temporary clusters + temporary structures www.neeviaPDF.com
- 67. leads to... Cartoon by Peter Brookes from The Times, January 16 2010 www.neeviaPDF.com
- 69. 1 - Research: need of a continuous coordination system embedded in the local government 2 MAIN FINDINGS: www.neeviaPDF.com
- 70. Case study: Permanent clusters in Kyrgyzstan Disaster response in Kyrgyzstan by UN OCHA www.neeviaPDF.com
- 71. Implement permanent clusters in Haiti! Disaster response in Kyrgyzstan by UN OCHA Case study: Permanent clusters in Kyrgyzstan www.neeviaPDF.com
- 72. permanent clusters = continuous coordination to mediate foreigner and local agencies progressive development www.neeviaPDF.com
- 73. 2 - Design Need of a permanent place for coordination 2 MAIN FINDINGS 1 - Research: need of a continuous coordination system embedded in the local government www.neeviaPDF.com
- 76. the choice of a sustainable design approach www.neeviaPDF.com
- 77. the choice of a sustainable design approach what is sustainability? www.neeviaPDF.com
- 78. the choice of a sustainable design approach what is sustainability? “TakinglessfromtheEarthand giving more to people.” the Rocky Mountain Institute, “Primer on Sustainable Building” Sustaunability scheme by ReThinkgroupwww.neeviaPDF.com
- 79. the choice of a sustainable design approach what is sustainability? Sustainable architecture: www.neeviaPDF.com
- 80. the choice of a sustainable design approach what is sustainability? Sustainable architecture: • uses locally available materials Construction worker in Bali, by Ibuku www.neeviaPDF.com
- 81. the choice of a sustainable design approach what is sustainability? Sustainable architecture: • use of locally available materials • resources that do not damage the environment Bamboo plants variety by Ibuku www.neeviaPDF.com
- 82. the choice of a sustainable design approach what is sustainability? Sustainable architecture: • use of locally available materials • resources that do not damage the environment • adapts to local environment and people Tornado by dummidumbwit web blog www.neeviaPDF.com
- 83. knowing all of this... www.neeviaPDF.com
- 84. how do you connect aid coordination to architectural design? www.neeviaPDF.com
- 87. Goals of the design: 1. Comfortable feeling given by natural ma- terials 2. Spaces for work open and tall : overview on the space. 3. A public place to connect aid coordina- tion a to local public events www.neeviaPDF.com
- 88. Goals of the design: 1. Comfortable feeling given by natural materials. Inspiration: Anna Heringer , METI school in Bangladesh www.neeviaPDF.com
- 89. Goals of the design: 1. Comfortable feeling given by natural ma- terials. Inspiration: Anna Heringer , METI school in Bangladesh 2. Spaces for work open and tall : overview on the space. Inspiration: Peter Rich, Mapungubwe Interpretation Cen- tre, South Africa www.neeviaPDF.com
- 90. Goals of the design: 1. Comfortable feeling given by natural ma- terials. Inspiration: Anna Heringer , METI school in Bangladesh 2. Spaces for work open and tall : overview on the space. Inspiration: Peter Rich, Mapungubwe Interpretation Cen- tre, South Africa 3. Space to connect aid coordination to lo- cal public events Inspiration: Ibuku, Green school, Bali www.neeviaPDF.com
- 91. qualities of the architectural space www.neeviaPDF.com
- 92. CONNECT ACTIVATE A CHANGE GATHER ORGANIZE DECIDE INTERRELATE ADAPTABLE FLEXIBLE SUSTAINABLE INDEPENDENT RESISTANT MEET FACE ATTRACT TALK COFFEE BREAK INTEGRATED ACCESSIBLE SYMBOLIZE SHARE EXCHANGE KNOW UNDERSTAND DISCUSS www.neeviaPDF.com
- 95. clusters offices and public space materials: bamboo, earthwww.neeviaPDF.com
- 97. First step: first coordination hub Port au Prince, Haitiwww.neeviaPDF.com
- 98. • HIGHWAY • PRIMARY ROADS • AIRPORT AND PORT www.neeviaPDF.com
- 99. • accessible: located along highway and primary road, between airport and harbour www.neeviaPDF.com
- 100. • accessible: located along highway and primary road, between airport and harbour • decentralized: close to the city centre but not in the centre, safer in disaster situations www.neeviaPDF.com
- 101. • accessible: located along highway and primary road, between airport and harbour • decentralized: close to the city centre but not in the centre, safer in disaster situations • interesting urban tissue: tent camp around an amphitheatre www.neeviaPDF.com
- 102. PROJECT AREA Arereal view of IDP camp, Prt au Prince by Google Earth www.neeviaPDF.com
- 103. Arereal view of IDP camp, Prt au Prince by Google Earth www.neeviaPDF.com
- 104. Arereal view of IDP camp, Prt au Prince by Panoramio www.neeviaPDF.com
- 105. Arereal view of IDP camp, Prt au Prince by Panoramio www.neeviaPDF.com
- 106. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 107. why it became what it became www.neeviaPDF.com
- 108. recalling the research goal... www.neeviaPDF.com
- 109. recalling the research goal... implement permanent clusters + space to work www.neeviaPDF.com
- 110. cluster system design concept www.neeviaPDF.com
- 112. Arereal view of IDP camp, Prt au Prince by Google Earth www.neeviaPDF.com
- 115. Focus point: Amphitheatre existing urban element promoting the action of gatheringwww.neeviaPDF.com
- 116. 1 | AMPHITHEATRE | public spacewww.neeviaPDF.com
- 117. 2 | GRID | connects big and small scalewww.neeviaPDF.com
- 119. 4 | CONNECT PUBLIC SPACESwww.neeviaPDF.com
- 120. 5 | PROLIFERATION | OFFICESwww.neeviaPDF.com
- 125. Image: Katharine Sutliff in Science. BUILDING AS A MEDIUM TO CONNECT www.neeviaPDF.com
- 126. connect place - to - place www.neeviaPDF.com
- 127. connect people - to - place www.neeviaPDF.com
- 128. connect people - to - people through spaces www.neeviaPDF.com
- 129. how do you bring many people together and then them go apart? www.neeviaPDF.com
- 132. 3 kind of spaces... program LEt' s get in! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 133. 1- PUBLIC SPACE | 450sqm A PLACE FOR PEOPLE TO MEET: point of attraction, gathering www.neeviaPDF.com
- 134. PUBLIC SPACE GROUND FLOOR 300sqm GATHERING SPACE www.neeviaPDF.com
- 135. ACCESSS TO THE PUBLIC SPACE EVERYBODY ACCESS FROM HERE! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 136. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 137. PUBLIC SPACE_ FIRST FLOOR 150sqm EVERYBODY CAN LOOK DOWN! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 138. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 139. 2- PRIVATE_OFFICES 430 sqm A PLACE FOR PEOPLE TO WORK space for coordination www.neeviaPDF.com
- 140. 1- PUBLIC SPACE | 450sqm A PLACE FOR PEOPLE TO MEET: point of attraction, gathering www.neeviaPDF.com
- 141. ACCESS TO THE WORK SPACE PRIVATE! ONLY WORKERS ACCESS HERE! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 142. ACCESSS TO THE PUBLIC SPACE EVERYBODY ACCESS FROM HERE! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 143. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 144. aid coordination offices: how many people? www.neeviaPDF.com
- 145. a very flexible number... a single cluster can have from 3 to 20 workers depending on the emergency www.neeviaPDF.com
- 149. 2- PRIVATE_OFFICES 430 sqm A PLACE FOR PEOPLE TO WORK space for coordination www.neeviaPDF.com
- 154. Bamboo facades Bamboo load bearing structure Earth walls www.neeviaPDF.com
- 155. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 156. 3- SEMI-PUBLIC _ PATIO A PLACE FOR WORKING PEOPLE TO INTERACT: space of opportunity www.neeviaPDF.com
- 157. SEMI - PRIVATE: PATIO WORKERS INFORMAL AREA www.neeviaPDF.com
- 158. ACCESS TO THE PATIO PRIVATE! WORKERS HAVING BREAK HERE! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 159. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 160. tension between big and small space www.neeviaPDF.com
- 161. tension between big and small space movement of people www.neeviaPDF.com
- 162. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 163. the main building is an open public place, tall and simple space www.neeviaPDF.com
- 164. thebambooarchesdefineaconstantpaceintheplace the earth walls define the boundaries of the space 5m 12 m www.neeviaPDF.com
- 165. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 166. the structure determines the rhythm of the space www.neeviaPDF.com
- 167. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 168. tension between big and small space movement of people www.neeviaPDF.com
- 169. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 170. you have to pass from the patio! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 171. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 172. and from the main public space! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 173. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 174. more chances to meet, more chances for interaction! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 175. reconnecting with sustainability... materials and details www.neeviaPDF.com
- 176. why don’t they use bamboo and earth now? current most used material concrete not produced locally Build - destruction - rebuild - destruction - rebuild - destructionwww.neeviaPDF.com
- 177. and... Build - destruction - rebuild - destruction - rebuild - destructionwww.neeviaPDF.com
- 178. Haiti001 © Christian Als www.neeviaPDF.com
- 179. Aerial homes neighbourhood earthquake damage -Port-au-Prince-Haiti by United States Navy www.neeviaPDF.com
- 182. natural and resistant local -- empower local economy! use of local skills-- give work to locals! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 183. natural and resistant local -- empower local economy! use of local skills-- give work to locals! sustainable! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 184. breaking the vicious circle of reconstruction the building can be a showcase 2010 2013 www.neeviaPDF.com
- 186. you have to pass from the patio! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 187. connection earthwall- bamboo Earth wall - Bamboo construction www.neeviaPDF.com
- 188. ROOF STRUCTURE Corrugated bamboo sheet: • waterproof • light • easy to substitute Bamboo connection as in the Green school in Bali, by Ibuku www.neeviaPDF.com
- 189. explore more details on the posters! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 190. now... LETì S BUILD IT! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 191. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 192. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 193. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 194. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 195. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 196. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 197. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 198. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 199. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 200. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 201. and from the main public space! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 202. Exhaustion of hot air from rooftop window Big overhanging roof_ uniform shade around the buildingEarth walls_ thermal mass preventing overheating www.neeviaPDF.com
- 203. Breathable bamboo facades permit abundant cross ventilation www.neeviaPDF.com
- 206. FLOODING? The whole complex is lying in a “stage”, 50 cm above the ground to prevent flooding www.neeviaPDF.com
- 207. hurricane? Breathable and strong bamboo load bearing structure. Light corrugated bamboo sheets for the roof. Easy and fast reparation in case of damage. Rounded shape accommodate the wind forces. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 208. Earhquake? Double - disconnected structure: load bearing bamboo: light, flexible, strong thermal mass: low earth walls Disconnection prevent complete falling of the building in case of shock www.neeviaPDF.com
- 209. just few more things almost done! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 210. this is not going to happen all in one time long term planning www.neeviaPDF.com
- 211. PHASE 1 | 1-2 yearswww.neeviaPDF.com
- 212. PHASE 2 | 3-5 yearswww.neeviaPDF.com
- 213. PHASE 3 | 5- 7 yearswww.neeviaPDF.com
- 214. PHASE 4 | 10 yearswww.neeviaPDF.com
- 215. PHASE 5 | 15 yearswww.neeviaPDF.com
- 216. PHASE 6 | 20 yearswww.neeviaPDF.com
- 217. a journey of thousand miles begins with a single step... (Laozi) www.neeviaPDF.com
- 219. MASTERPLAN PHASE 1 10 m www.neeviaPDF.com
- 220. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 221. last but not least... www.neeviaPDF.com
- 222. when is this building supposed to be built? www.neeviaPDF.com
- 224. how it can be financed? money going to haiti for reconstruction! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 225. reconnecting with sustainability... materials and details www.neeviaPDF.com
- 227. From design to research... www.neeviaPDF.com
- 228. The architectural intervention as a symbol of inner strengthwww.neeviaPDF.com
- 229. back to the challenges... www.neeviaPDF.com
- 230. 1. Big disaster = complex research, simple design 2. Connect real problems to formal choices 3. Use of alternative materials www.neeviaPDF.com
- 231. The whole system is hard to change... VERTICALITY OF THE TEMPORARY CLUSTER APPROACH BEFORE MAIN ORGANIZATION CLUSTER coordinators NGOs in the clusters PRODUCTS SUB BSUB A A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ... B C D E F G H www.neeviaPDF.com
- 232. more horizontality more interaction | effectiveness IMPROVED HORIZONTALITY OF THE PERMANENT CLUSTER APPROACH AFTER MAIN ORGANIZATION PRODUCTS SUB BSUB A A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ... B C D E F G HCLUSTER coordinators NGOs in the clusters VERTICALITY OF THE TEMPORARY CLUSTER APPROACH BEFORE MAIN ORGANIZATION CLUSTER coordinators NGOs in the clusters PRODUCTS SUB BSUB A A 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 ... B C D E F G H www.neeviaPDF.com
- 233. 1. Big disaster = complex research, simple design 2. Connect real problems to formal choices and long term planning 3. Use of alternative materials www.neeviaPDF.com
- 234. flexible plan... designed to conciliate interaction.. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 235. flexible plan... designed to conciliate interaction.. ...phased constructionwww.neeviaPDF.com
- 236. 1. Big disaster = complex research, simple design 2. Connect real problems to formal choices and long term planning 3. Use of alternative materials www.neeviaPDF.com
- 237. The bamboo symbolizes the Haitian people... we might get bent… but we’re able to straighten up and stand. -- Bell and Dandicat, Walking on fire, 23 www.neeviaPDF.com
- 238. Bamboo and earth, alike Haitians... disaster resistant culturally accepted www.neeviaPDF.com
- 239. www.neeviaPDF.com
- 240. remember the vicious cycle^ ? www.neeviaPDF.com
- 241. we broke it! by changing reconstruction approach 2010 2013 progress and developmentwww.neeviaPDF.com
- 243. 1. Continue the research on clusters 2. Apply for research funding 3. Go to haiti www.neeviaPDF.com
- 245. to make local aid coordination happen Port-au-Prince, Haiti Coordination office complex and public space WHY? where? What? www.neeviaPDF.com
- 246. now... LETì S BUILD IT! www.neeviaPDF.com
- 247. ...this is what i did www.neeviaPDF.com
- 248. by Haitian artist Levoy Exil ...GRAZIE www.neeviaPDF.com
- 249. now is your turn! questions and comments, please! www.neeviaPDF.com