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0402 ch 4 day 2
1. Chapter 4
4.1 Exponential Functions
Day 2
Titus 3:7 so that being justified by his grace we might
become heirs according to the hope of eternal life.
4. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Let P = initial population
r = rate of increase per year
0 < r < 1 (a %)
after 1 year: P + rP or P (1+ r )
5. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Let P = initial population
r = rate of increase per year
0 < r < 1 (a %)
after 1 year: P + rP or P (1+ r )
after 2 years: P (1+ r ) + r ⋅ P (1+ r )
6. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Let P = initial population
r = rate of increase per year
0 < r < 1 (a %)
after 1 year: P + rP or P (1+ r )
after 2 years: P (1+ r ) + r ⋅ P (1+ r )
7. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Let P = initial population
r = rate of increase per year
0 < r < 1 (a %)
after 1 year: P + rP or P (1+ r )
after 2 years: P (1+ r ) + r ⋅ P (1+ r )
2
P (1+ r ) (1+ r ) or P (1+ r )
8. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Let P = initial population
r = rate of increase per year
0 < r < 1 (a %)
after 1 year: P + rP or P (1+ r )
after 2 years: P (1+ r ) + r ⋅ P (1+ r )
2
P (1+ r ) (1+ r ) or P (1+ r )
after 3 years: 2
P (1+ r ) + r ⋅ P (1+ r )
2
9. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Let P = initial population
r = rate of increase per year
0 < r < 1 (a %)
after 1 year: P + rP or P (1+ r )
after 2 years: P (1+ r ) + r ⋅ P (1+ r )
2
P (1+ r ) (1+ r ) or P (1+ r )
after 3 years: 2
P (1+ r ) + r ⋅ P (1+ r )
2
10. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Let P = initial population
r = rate of increase per year
0 < r < 1 (a %)
after 1 year: P + rP or P (1+ r )
after 2 years: P (1+ r ) + r ⋅ P (1+ r )
2
P (1+ r ) (1+ r ) or P (1+ r )
after 3 years: 2
P (1+ r ) + r ⋅ P (1+ r )
2
2 3
P (1+ r ) (1+ r ) or P (1+ r )
11. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Let P = initial population
r = rate of increase per year
0 < r < 1 (a %)
after 1 year: P + rP or P (1+ r )
after 2 years: P (1+ r ) + r ⋅ P (1+ r )
2
P (1+ r ) (1+ r ) or P (1+ r )
after 3 years: 2
P (1+ r ) + r ⋅ P (1+ r )
2
2 3
P (1+ r ) (1+ r ) or P (1+ r )
after t years:
12. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Let P = initial population
r = rate of increase per year
0 < r < 1 (a %)
after 1 year: P + rP or P (1+ r )
after 2 years: P (1+ r ) + r ⋅ P (1+ r )
2
P (1+ r ) (1+ r ) or P (1+ r )
after 3 years: 2
P (1+ r ) + r ⋅ P (1+ r )
2
2 3
P (1+ r ) (1+ r ) or P (1+ r )
t
after t years: P (1+ r )
15. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Compound Interest Formula
nt
⎛ r ⎞
A = P ⎜ 1+ ⎟
⎝ n ⎠
A = total amount after t years
16. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Compound Interest Formula
nt
⎛ r ⎞
A = P ⎜ 1+ ⎟
⎝ n ⎠
A = total amount after t years
P = Principal ... original amount
17. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Compound Interest Formula
nt
⎛ r ⎞
A = P ⎜ 1+ ⎟
⎝ n ⎠
A = total amount after t years
P = Principal ... original amount
r = interest rate
18. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Compound Interest Formula
nt
⎛ r ⎞
A = P ⎜ 1+ ⎟
⎝ n ⎠
A = total amount after t years
P = Principal ... original amount
r = interest rate
n = number of times compounded per year
19. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Compound Interest Formula
nt
⎛ r ⎞
A = P ⎜ 1+ ⎟
⎝ n ⎠
A = total amount after t years
P = Principal ... original amount
r = interest rate
n = number of times compounded per year
t = time in years
20. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Jacob invests $4000 at 4.5% interest for ten
years. Compare how much Jacob would
have if interest is compounded a) annually,
b) quarterly, c) monthly, d) daily.
21. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Jacob invests $4000 at 4.5% interest for ten
years. Compare how much Jacob would
have if interest is compounded a) annually,
b) quarterly, c) monthly, d) daily.
1(10)
⎛ .045 ⎞
a) annual: 4000 ⎜ 1+ ⎟
$
= 6211.88
⎝ 1 ⎠
22. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Jacob invests $4000 at 4.5% interest for ten
years. Compare how much Jacob would
have if interest is compounded a) annually,
b) quarterly, c) monthly, d) daily.
1(10)
⎛ .045 ⎞
a) annual: 4000 ⎜ 1+ ⎟
$
= 6211.88
⎝ 1 ⎠
4(10)
⎛ .045 ⎞
b) quarterly: 4000 ⎜ 1+ ⎟
$
= 6257.51
⎝ 4 ⎠
23. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Jacob invests $4000 at 4.5% interest for ten
years. Compare how much Jacob would
have if interest is compounded a) annually,
b) quarterly, c) monthly, d) daily.
12(10)
⎛ .045 ⎞
c) monthly: 4000 ⎜ 1+ ⎟
$
= 6267.97
⎝ 12 ⎠
24. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Jacob invests $4000 at 4.5% interest for ten
years. Compare how much Jacob would
have if interest is compounded a) annually,
b) quarterly, c) monthly, d) daily.
12(10)
⎛ .045 ⎞
c) monthly: 4000 ⎜ 1+ ⎟
$
= 6267.97
⎝ 12 ⎠
365(10)
⎛ .045 ⎞
d) daily: 4000 ⎜ 1+ ⎟
$
= 6273.07
⎝ 365 ⎠
25. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Jacob invests $4000 at 4.5% interest for ten
years. Compare how much Jacob would
have if interest is compounded a) annually,
b) quarterly, c) monthly, d) daily.
a) $6211.88
b) $6257.51
c) $6267.97
d) $6273.07
26. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Jacob invests $4000 at 4.5% interest for ten
years. Compare how much Jacob would
have if interest is compounded a) annually,
b) quarterly, c) monthly, d) daily.
a) $6211.88
as the number of times
b) $6257.51 compounded increases,
c) $6267.97 the greater the amount.
d) $6273.07
28. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Consider Continuous Compounding ...
n→∞
Deposit $1 for 1 year at 100% interest
29. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Consider Continuous Compounding ...
n→∞
Deposit $1 for 1 year at 100% interest
n(1)
⎛ 1 ⎞
A = 1⎜ 1+ ⎟
⎝ n ⎠
30. 4.1 Exponential Functions
Consider Continuous Compounding ...
n→∞
Deposit $1 for 1 year at 100% interest
n(1)
⎛ 1 ⎞
A = 1⎜ 1+ ⎟
⎝ n ⎠
Find A for n = 12
n = 365
n = 1,000,000
32. 4.1 Exponential Functions
n(1)
⎛ 1 ⎞
A = 1⎜ 1+ ⎟
⎝ n ⎠
when n = 1,000,000
A = 2.718280469
1
e = 2.718281828
33. 4.1 Exponential Functions
n(1)
⎛ 1 ⎞
A = 1⎜ 1+ ⎟
⎝ n ⎠
when n = 1,000,000
A = 2.718280469
1
e = 2.718281828
as n → ∞, A → e
34. 4.1 Exponential Functions ⎛ r ⎞
nt
A = P ⎜ 1+ ⎟
n(1) ⎝ n ⎠
⎛ 1 ⎞
A = 1⎜ 1+ ⎟
⎝ n ⎠
when n = 1,000,000
A = 2.718280469
1
e = 2.718281828
as n → ∞, A → e
35. 4.1 Exponential Functions ⎛ r ⎞
nt
A = P ⎜ 1+ ⎟
n(1) ⎝ n ⎠
⎛ 1 ⎞ n
A = 1⎜ 1+ ⎟ let m =
⎝ n ⎠ r
when n = 1,000,000
A = 2.718280469
1
e = 2.718281828
as n → ∞, A → e
36. 4.1 Exponential Functions ⎛ r ⎞
nt
A = P ⎜ 1+ ⎟
n(1) ⎝ n ⎠
⎛ 1 ⎞ n
A = 1⎜ 1+ ⎟ let m =
⎝ n ⎠ r
mrt
when n = 1,000,000 ⎛ 1 ⎞
A = P ⎜ 1+ ⎟
A = 2.718280469 ⎝ m ⎠
1
e = 2.718281828
as n → ∞, A → e
37. 4.1 Exponential Functions ⎛ r ⎞
nt
A = P ⎜ 1+ ⎟
n(1) ⎝ n ⎠
⎛ 1 ⎞ n
A = 1⎜ 1+ ⎟ let m =
⎝ n ⎠ r
mrt
when n = 1,000,000 ⎛ 1 ⎞
A = P ⎜ 1+ ⎟
A = 2.718280469 ⎝ m ⎠
m
1 ⎛ 1 ⎞
e = 2.718281828 sub e for ⎜ 1+ ⎟
⎝ m ⎠
as n → ∞, A → e
38. 4.1 Exponential Functions ⎛ r ⎞
nt
A = P ⎜ 1+ ⎟
n(1) ⎝ n ⎠
⎛ 1 ⎞ n
A = 1⎜ 1+ ⎟ let m =
⎝ n ⎠ r
mrt
when n = 1,000,000 ⎛ 1 ⎞
A = P ⎜ 1+ ⎟
A = 2.718280469 ⎝ m ⎠
m
1 ⎛ 1 ⎞
e = 2.718281828 sub e for ⎜ 1+ ⎟
⎝ m ⎠
as n → ∞, A → e rt
A = Pe
39. 4.1 Exponential Functions ⎛ r ⎞
nt
A = P ⎜ 1+ ⎟
n(1) ⎝ n ⎠
⎛ 1 ⎞ n
A = 1⎜ 1+ ⎟ let m =
⎝ n ⎠ r
mrt
when n = 1,000,000 ⎛ 1 ⎞
A = P ⎜ 1+ ⎟
A = 2.718280469 ⎝ m ⎠
m
1 ⎛ 1 ⎞
e = 2.718281828 sub e for ⎜ 1+ ⎟
⎝ m ⎠
as n → ∞, A → e rt
A = Pe
Continuous Compound
Interest formula
41. 4.1 Exponential Functions
rt Continuous Compound
A = Pe Interest formula
How would Jacob have done with
continuous compounding?
42. 4.1 Exponential Functions
rt Continuous Compound
A = Pe Interest formula
How would Jacob have done with
continuous compounding?
.045(10) $
4000 ⋅ e = 6273.25
43. Chapter 4
HW #2
Don’t go around saying the world owes you a living.
The world owes you nothing. It was here first.
Mark Twain