1. Tell whether the set of words is a clause or a
phrase. Write P if it is a phrase; C if it is a
clause.
___ 1. Talking during the test
___ 2. where we want to stay.
___ 3. The bus came late because the driver doesn’t
know the way.
___ 4. The houses hit by the tsunami
___ 5. to drink every morning.

2. ___ 6. that mother bought two days ago
___ 7. The students playing basketball in the gym
___ 8. Since there were no traffic
___ 9. to check if the class listened
___ 10. if the teacher discusses it enthusiastically.

4. PHRASE
MODIFIERS

5. Participial Phrase
Infinitive Phrase

6. PARTCIPIAL PHRASES
 adjective
function
 past/ present participle form of the verb
examples:
 The company executives were satisfied with the
performance shown by FEU-EAC students.
 Thinking about Filipino traditional games, ‘Team
Butchokoy’ designed their own mobile
application.

7. UNDERLINE THE PARTICIPIAL PHRASE, THEN DRAW
AN ARROW TO THE NOUN IT MODIFIES.
1. The woman wandering down the street was sent to
mental facility.
2. Startled by the noise, the birds flew away.
3. The patrons were satisfied with the services provided by
the food chain.
4. Julius, studying for the examination, took note of the
pointers for review.
5. Noah saw his girlfriend preparing a surprise party.

8. GERUND VS PARTICIPLE
A. Walking in the morning releases my
stress.
B. The walking robot made Sophie’s sister
smile.

9. GERUND VS PARTICIPLE
A. The growling of the tiger scared the
tourists.
B. The growling tigers scared the
tourists.

10. VERB VS PARTICIPLE
A. Prepared for their presentation
today, Jolo came to class early.
B.The class prepared for a quiz in
ENSP703 today.

11. VERB VS PARTICIPLE
 A.
The web design evaluated by IT
professionals was chosen for the new
website of FEU-EAC.
 B.
The IT Department Chair evaluated
the web designs of fourth year students.

12. PRESENT PARTICIPLE
VS
PAST PARTICIPLE
***Use present participle if the
implied action is done by the noun
it modifies
***Use past participle if the implied
action is acted upon the noun it
modifies

13. ***Use present participle if the
implied action is done by the noun it
modifies
Taking about his future, Kevin shared to his
friends that he wants to go abroad after
graduation.
The People’s Champ was welcomed by the
waving college students.
Flying 2000ft above the ground, the sky
divers jumped out of the plane.

14. ***Use past participle if the implied
action is acted upon the noun it
modifies
I accidentally stepped on broken glass in
the third floor.
Impressed by the design, the board of the
directors approved the project.
Dieticians suggest eating half cooked
vegetables.

15. Complete the sentence with the appropriate participle
to modify the noun in the sentence.
1. The canteen is serving ___________________ (bake)
macaroni and other pasta dishes.
2. The ___________________ (beam) light of the sports car
was the cause of the accident.
3. ___________________ (hand- make) souvenir items are
more expensive than the other one.
4. Gino was scolded because of his ___________________
(stain) uniform.
5. The first year students are delivering a
___________________ (prepare) speech.

16. BEGINNING PARTICIPIAL PHRASES
 Impressed by the design, the board of the
directors approved the project.
 Complying with the National Building
Code, Derek recommended to revise the
initial plan.
 Prepared for their presentation
today, Jolo came to class

17. MIDDLE PARTICIPIAL PHRASES
 Essential
: noun modified is not specific : no comma
 Non-essential : noun modified is specific : with comma
Gideon, taking up BS IT Major in Web and Mobile
Applications Design, is a scholar of SM.
The website designed by the graduates of East Asia College
is chosen as the winner in ‘Web Design Contest’
sponsored by Google.

18. ENDING PARTICIPIAL PHRASES
 Essential
: noun modified is not specific : no comma
 Non-essential : noun modified is specific : with comma
The class passed the experiment testing our
understanding of chemical reaction.
The class attended the make up class in
ENSP 703, facilitated by Mr. Quedado.

19. INSERT THE GIVEN PARTICIPIAL PHRASE TO MODIFY
A NOUN IN THE GIVEN SENTENCE.
1. Our group designed an environmental waste water system.
(considering the problem on water pollution)
2. The ‘Sipa’ mobile application was first published in iTunes.
(designed by Filipino IT professionals)
3. IT students of FEU-EAC are hired by the 2FunGuys Inc.
(wanting to form the best team)
4. The IT students of East Asia College have wide range of
experience. (trained by the best professors)
5. The conference was attended by IT professionals.
(wanting to create their own mobile application)

20. Expand the following sentences by adding a participial phrase
modifying the underlined noun.
1. Ron is preparing for his speech in English.
2. The maintenance personnel should be
acknowledged even with a simple greeting.
3. Jolovem solved the word problem.
4. The students stayed in the computer laboratory.
5. IT students are in demand nowadays.

22. Infinitives/ infinitive phrase
(noun, adjective, adverb function)
to + base form of the verb
examples:
To act as the foreman for a day is challenging
for an engineering fresh graduate.
Our group has a project to submit by the end of
the week.
Companies tie up with universities and colleges
to hire the best engineering students.

23. TELL WHETHER THE UNDERLINED GROUP OF WORDS IS
AN INFINITIVE OR PREPOSITION.
_________1. To perform in a huge crowd makes Danilo’s
knees shake so much.
_________2. I am going to my office after breakfast.
_________3. The store manager expected the crew to
serve the customers with proper respect.
_________4. Gina is looking forward to see his cousins
from Canada.
_________5. Catholics go to church at least once a week.

24. Underline the infinitive phrase; then draw an arrow to
the word it modifies. Tell whether it functions as an
adjective or an adverb.
1. Bill came early to inform the team that the
company will hire a consultant.
2. The consultant came to double-check the
project.
3. We have a project design to submit next
month.
4. The child was afraid to tell the truth.
5. The number to call for food delivery is out of
coverage area.

25. Look for the word that the infinitive phrase modifies in the sentence.
Rewrite the sentence by placing the infinitive phrase near or beside the
word that it modifies.
1. Fred was frightened. 4. The group is well-prepared.
(to be alone in the house) (to report about the revisions
in the proposal)
2. He still has a report.
(to finish before midnight) 5. Mr. Estallo asked questions.
(to clarify some points in the
3. Fred will go to office early. proposal)
(to advise his group members)

26. Expand the given sentences with an appropriate infinitive
phrase. Rewrite the whole sentence.
1. The NSTP students have things.
2. They should be in school at 6:30am.
3. The facilitators assigned a body system.
4. Group 10 left late.
5. Mr. Ramirez has some reminders.

27. REFERENCES:
 Luna, J.M. and Sena, M.S. (2011). Skill Builders for
English Proficiency 9. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing
House, Inc.
 Sabin , W. A. (2005). The Gregg Reference Manual. 10th
ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.
 Serrano, J.B. and Lapid, M.G. (2001). English
Communication Arts and Skills through Afro-Asian
Literature. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.
 Tagay, Lourna V. and Brutas, M.L.Z. (2009). Journeying
through Language and Literature II with Afro-Asian
Literary Text. Makati City: Don Bosco Press, Inc.