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上海社会科学院历史研究所
上海法租界与天津法租界的扩张:
用连接或比较方法来分析它们的过程及方式
(1861-1937)
2014-05-27/28
导师 : 安克强
法国里昂第二大学东亚学院历史学系
王钰花
Fleur CHABAILLE
1
上海法租界与天津法租界
 上海法租界建立于1849年4月6日
 天津法租界建立于1861年5月29日
 1943-1946年间被中国政府收回
 中国租界历史的重要部分
 具有典型的代表意义
2
扩张经验体现的方面
1) 外国帝国主义要瓜分中国的表现
2) 中国政府在遭遇外国列强的无理要
求时所面临的困境与无能
3) 民族主义在中国城市内部的萌发与
演变
3
研究范围
 研究出发点 : 上海法租界于1861年的
第一次扩张
 研究终点 : 1937年法租界将老西开地
区纳入其范围的最后一次扩张
4
研究目的
 租界研究 : 通过两个租界的历史来理
解租界扩张的现象
 方法论和研究观点 : 对历史的比较研
究法不足方面和“连接”分析法
(Connected History) 做出互补
5
1849年4月6日上海开辟法租界告示
“在五口地方,凡法兰西人房屋间
数、地段宽广不必议立限制,俾法
兰西人相宜获益。
倘若地方不够,日后再议别地,随
至随议。”
6
上海的空间形式
7
Virtual Shanghai :
http://www.virtualshanghai.net/Asset/Preview/vcMap_ID-404_No-1.jpeg
8
天津的空间形式
上海法租界扩张的过程
9
Virtual Shanghai :
http://www.virtualshanghai.net/Asset/Preview/vcMap_ID-436_No-1.jpeg
10
11
租界寻求扩张的借口
1) 租界人口过剩
2) 租界公共卫生
3) 保安
4) 非正式或默认扩张土地的合
法化
12
租界扩张的策略与机遇
 进行交涉
 在要求扩张的地区开发
原来的外交项目变成了私业主的地产过程
 乘机政治军事混乱扩张土地
13
“连接”历史的方法
 按照Sanjay Subrahmanyam的理论,
“连接”历史是运用规模交替的方法,
尤其在微观和宏观之间。
微观 = 地方规模
宏观 = 全国或国际规模。
14
上海法租界与天津法租界有关
扩张的相互影响和引导
 1913年天津法国领事桑西讷(Emile
Saussine)和上海法国领事甘世东
(Gaston Kahn)之间的信函 :
上海法租界当时被天津法租界作为榜
样
上海与天津法租界之间的互相指引
15
中国民族主义演变对租界扩张
起到的障碍作用
 两个抵抗运动 :
1874年和1898年的四明公所事件
1916-1917年老西开事件
富有组织性和现代性
 抵抗租界扩张运动的变迁 :
中日甲午战争之后
1911年辛亥革命爆发之后
1927年国民党执政之后
16
结论
 上海和天津法租界的扩张都遇到很多困
难。
 上海法租界比天津法租界的扩张取得的
结果更大。
 研究该问题需进行更宽层次的对比和连
接。
汉口的租界、天津其它租界和上海公共租界等。
17
谢谢!
18

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上海与天津法租界的扩张