Staying safe while abroad in high risk areas requires situational awareness.

1. PERSONAL SECURITY IN HIGH RISK AREAS GUIDELINES TO AVOID BECOMING A VICTIM OF URBAN VIOLENCE

2. MAIN THREATS 1. Express Kidnapping It can last between 1 a 24 hours, generally to extract money through ATM transaction 2. Kidnapping Victim chosen based on social status, hierarchy, type of car driven, etc. In TT kidnapping cases have decreased by 30%. 2 kidnappings in 2009 YTD. 3. Carjacking It could be any type of car. It is generally done by customer order and it’s selected based on year, make and model to be used for parts. 4. 5. Armed Assault The degree of outcome would depend on the victim’s reaction Homicide According to the Police Department’s statistics, homicide cases have increased by 22% during the last 2 years.

3. PREVENTION Nothing is 100% guaranteed when it comes to Security 90% 05% 05% PREVENTI O N REACTI O N LUCK In Personal Security prevention represents 90% of the actions. For that reason must actions would be concentrated during this phase.

4. PREPARING FOR AN ASSAULT In general all assaults have a certain degree of preparation that consist of: 1.º Selecting the target This phase could take months, days or merely seconds. During this phase the delinquent select their target. 2.º Identifying the target The target is selected. In most cases it’s the weakest looking most distracted person or simply has what the criminal is looking for (money, car, etc) 3.º Surveillance (*) During this period the criminal evaluates the situation surrounding the victim before the attack 4.º Planning The criminal has all the information needed; they now plan how to attack (day, time, place, weapon, etc.) 5.º Attack (**) The criminal executes the attack. During this phase there is no opportunity for prevention, and less than 5% of disruption actions are successful . (*) This is the best opportunity to interrupt the criminal’s actions. (**) This is the worst time to attempt to interrupt the criminal’s actions.

7. PREVENTATIVE ACTIONS To think that it can’t happen to you. Allow it to happen. (Keep money in a separate pocket to hand over to the criminal upon demand) Act on prevention, deterring the attack from occurring. WRONG CORRECT

9. WALKING DOWN THE STREET Situational Awareness Always Try to maintain a 20 meter distance between you and the suspect

12. Suspect is headed your way: Change direction, to maintain distance between you and him/her. Suspect walks faster in your direction: Find a safe haven and well populated (a store, supermarket, etc.). Can’t find a Safe Haven : Run and observe the suspect’s reaction. Run before the suspect can close space between you. Never run after you’ve been attacked. If the suspect runs in your direction: It is clear he/she is trying to assault/rob you. In that case Scream. In most cases the criminal will not run after you. He/She does not want to call attention and will prefer to choose an easier target. WALKING DOWN THE STREET

13. What should you scream? Yelling “help” would make people around stay away, because it is clear that there is danger. Yelling “fire” arouse interest in people who are naturally curious. Many people would come out of their homes to find out where the fire is. Yelling someone’s name, “Rocky” , is a good option, because it’s uncommon and the criminal would fear that you’re known in the vicinity. (Who is Rocky. A friend, a police officer, a fierce dog?). Chances are great that he/she would desist. Rule If you have a gut feeling that a suspect would attack never allow the criminal to close the space between you. Many assault victims recall having a bad feeling that something was wrong, but did not do anything to prevent it. WALKING DOWN THE STREET

18. If a carjacker approaches proceed in the following manner: 1. Stay calm and ask the carjacker to stay calm: Maintain your cool then ask the carjacker to do the same. Make the carjacker feel he is in control of the situation. A fearful carjacker can react in unpredictable ways. 2. Obey quickly: Comply with the carjacker’s request and carry the request smoothly, but diligently 3. Tell the carjacker what you’re going to do: Keep your hands where the carjacker can see them (on the steering wheel). If you need to reach an object, unfasten your seatbelt or open the door, inform the carjacker and make careful movements. Remember that the carjacker is nervous. 4. When the carjacker orders you out of the card, do it the right way: See how to in the next slide CARJACKING

19. CARJACKING WRONG WAY RIGHT WAY

22. HIGH RISK Click on the link to see explanation Sidewalk Island Next Slide  MEDIUM RISK LOW RISK

28. CRIME SCENARIOS 1 & 2 Scenario # 1 The assailant attacks the victim. Generally on the street or parking area. Scenario # 2 The assailant attacks and attempts to take the victim to another place, generally a deserted or isolated from the crowds. Women are more likely to be taken to a second place as described in scenario # 2.

29. Whether to go with the criminal or not is an extremely personal decision and one that is difficult to make. It is important to reflect that: 80% Of women (in the US) taken away from the original crime scene are rape and/or killed (according to statistics) Experts recommend making a firm yet conscious decision “not to go”. If you’re going to get shot, it is preferable to be in the parking lot or on the street. If this were to happen in a disserted place the possibility of getting medical assistance or survival are slim to none. The assailant’s reflects may be under the influence of drugs or alcohol which would render him more aggressive and alter his intentions. CRIME SCENE 1 & 2