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©	
  2011,	
  2012,	
  2013,	
  2014	
  Niwot	
  Ridge	
  Consulting,	
  L.L.C.,	
  4347	
  Pebble	
  Beach	
  Drive,	
  Longmont,	
  Colorado	
  303.241.9633,	
  glen.alleman@niwotridge.com	
  
Niwot	
  Ridge	
  Consulting,	
  L.L.C.	
  
Increasing	
  the	
  Probability	
  of	
  Program	
  Success	
  
Successful	
   execution	
   of	
   Enterprise	
   IT,	
   Aerospace,	
   Defense,	
   and	
   Federal	
  
Government	
  programs	
  requires	
  management	
  discipline	
  to	
  identify	
  what	
  “Done”	
  
looks	
   like,	
   provide	
   measures	
   of	
   progress	
   toward	
   “Done,”	
   identify	
   risks	
   and	
  
impediments	
   to	
   reaching	
   “Done,”	
   and	
   assures	
   timely	
   corrective	
   action	
   to	
  
maintain	
  the	
  planned	
  progress	
  toward	
  “Done.”	
  
Performance–Based	
   Project	
   Management®	
   assures	
   the	
   people,	
   processes,	
   and	
   tools	
  
successfully	
  deliver	
  the	
  program	
  using	
  six	
  core	
  capabilities.	
  
Our	
  Capabilities	
   Beneficial	
  Outcome	
  to	
  Our	
  Clients	
  
❶	
  
Integrated	
  
Master	
  Plan	
  &	
  
Integrated	
  
Master	
  Schedule	
  
Starting	
  with	
  the	
  Concept	
  of	
  Operations,	
  a	
  Capabilities	
  Based	
  Plan,	
  and	
  other	
  
program	
  mission	
  documents,	
  develop	
  an	
  Integrated	
  Master	
  Plan	
  (IMP)	
  and	
  a	
  
DI-­‐MGMT-­‐81861	
  compliant	
  risk	
  adjusted,	
  resource	
  loaded,	
  Integrated	
  Master	
  
Schedule	
  (IMS)	
  with	
  Work	
  Packages	
  (WP)	
  showing	
  a	
  credible	
  path	
  to	
  success.	
  
❷	
  
Earned	
  Value	
  
Management	
  
Systems	
  (EVMS)	
  
Lead	
   EVMS	
   requirements	
   elicitation,	
   product	
   selection,	
   management	
   of	
  
installation	
   and	
   startup,	
   and	
   integration	
   with	
   Accounting	
   and	
   Procurement	
  
systems.	
  Develop	
  the	
  System	
  Description	
  (SD),	
  Work	
  Instructions	
  (WI),	
  training	
  
and	
   mentoring	
   needed	
   for	
   a	
   successful	
   deployment	
   of	
   the	
   EVMS	
   and	
   its	
  
application	
  to	
  program	
  and	
  compliance	
  with	
  ANSI-­‐748-­‐C.	
  
❸	
  
Programmatic	
  
and	
  Technical	
  
Risk	
  
Management	
  
Cost,	
   schedule,	
   and	
   technical	
   risk	
   management	
   integrated	
   with	
   the	
  
Performance	
   Measurement	
   Baseline	
   establishing	
   a	
   credible	
   Estimate	
   At	
  
Completion	
  (EAC)	
  and	
  Management	
  Reserve	
  (MR)	
  impact	
  analysis.	
  
❹	
  
Business	
  System	
  
Rule	
  Integration	
  
Enterprise	
   system	
   integration	
   capabilities	
   connect	
   business	
   Accounting,	
  
Procurement,	
  and	
  Earned	
  Value	
  Management	
  Systems	
  for	
  Cost	
  Plus	
  or	
  Fix	
  Price	
  
Incentive	
   contracts	
   valued	
   at	
   $20M	
   or	
   more,	
   in	
   accordance	
   with	
   DFARS	
  
§234.201(1)(iii)	
  and	
  (iv).	
  	
  
❺	
  
DCMA/DCAA	
  
Validation	
  and	
  
Surveillance	
  
With	
  contract	
  awards	
  greater	
  than	
  $20M,	
  planning,	
  development,	
  deployment,	
  
training,	
   and	
   support	
   activities	
   for	
   an	
   EVMS,	
   start	
   with	
   contract	
   award,	
   and	
  
continue	
   through	
   Integrated	
   Baseline	
   Review	
   (IBR),	
   then	
   onto	
   program	
  
execution.	
  Hands-­‐on	
  Control	
  Account	
  Manager	
  (CAM)	
  training	
  and	
  mentoring	
  
process	
  assures	
  staff	
  is	
  prepared	
  for	
  a	
  successful	
  DCMA	
  validation	
  process.	
  
❻	
  
Proposal	
  
Management	
  
for	
  management	
  
volume	
  
Using	
   proposal	
   “win	
   themes,”	
   develop	
   an	
   Integrated	
   Master	
   Plan	
   for	
   the	
  
deliverables	
   and	
   the	
   supporting	
   Integrated	
   Master	
   Schedule,	
   Technical	
  
Performance	
   Measures,	
   Risk	
   Handling	
   strategies,	
   Measures	
   of	
   Effectiveness	
  
and	
  Measures	
  of	
  Performance	
  to	
  assure	
  proposal	
  is	
  credible	
  and	
  winning.	
  
	
  
	
   	
  
©	
  2011,	
  2012,	
  2013,	
  2014	
  Niwot	
  Ridge	
  Consulting,	
  L.L.C.,	
  4347	
  Pebble	
  Beach	
  Drive,	
  Longmont,	
  Colorado	
  303.241.9633,	
  glen.alleman@niwotridge.com	
  
❶	
  –	
  IN TEG RATED 	
  MA STER	
  PLA N 	
  /	
  IN TEG RATED 	
  MA STER	
  SCHED U LE	
  
PROJECT	
  SUCCESS	
  REQUIRES	
  A	
  CLEAR	
  AND	
  CONCISE	
  DESCRIPTION	
  OF	
  “DONE”	
  	
  
Hands–on	
   approach	
   constructs,	
   baselines,	
   and	
   executes,	
   with	
   client	
   full	
   participation,	
   the	
  
program	
   using	
   the	
   Integrated	
   Master	
   Plan	
   and	
   Integrated	
   Master	
   Schedule	
   (IMP/IMS).	
   The	
  
IMP/IMS	
   progress	
   is	
   defined	
   through	
   risk	
   adjusted	
   physical	
   percent	
   complete	
   rather	
   than	
  
measuring	
  the	
  passage	
  of	
  time	
  and	
  consumption	
  of	
  resources.	
  
This	
   approach	
   starts	
   with	
   planning	
   Vertically	
   for	
   each	
   Program	
   Event	
   (PE),	
   through	
   Work	
  
Packages	
  to	
  the	
  Accomplishment	
  Criteria	
  (AC),	
  to	
  the	
  Significant	
  Accomplishments	
  (SA),	
  to	
  the	
  
Program	
  Events	
  (PE)	
  to	
  provide	
  visibility	
  to	
  the	
  increasing	
  maturity	
  of	
  all	
  project	
  deliverables.	
  
Only	
   then,	
   does	
   planning	
   take	
   place	
   Horizontally	
   for	
   the	
   dependencies	
   between	
   the	
   Work	
  
Packages,	
  ACs,	
  SAs,	
  and	
  Project	
  Events.	
  	
  
Program	
  Events	
  are	
  more	
  than	
  milestones,	
  they	
  are	
  maturity	
  assessment	
  points	
  in	
  the	
  program,	
  
where	
   pre-­‐defined	
   deliverables	
   are	
   assessed	
   to	
   assure	
   Technical	
   Performance	
   is	
   being	
   met	
  
against	
  pre-­‐defined	
  metrics.	
  As	
  well,	
  pre-­‐defined	
  levels	
  of	
  risk	
  are	
  being	
  retired	
  or	
  mitigated	
  as	
  
planned.	
  Event	
  based	
  planning	
  and	
  scheduling	
  provides	
  an	
  alternative	
  approach	
  with	
  several	
  
benefits:	
  
! Measures	
   of	
   increasing	
   maturity	
   of	
   products	
   and	
   services	
   produced	
   by	
   work	
   effort	
   are	
  
directly	
   connected	
   to	
   the	
   value	
   produced	
   by	
   the	
   program	
   for	
   the	
   customer.	
   This	
   is	
   the	
  
foundation	
  of	
  Capabilities	
  Based	
  Planning.	
  The	
  program	
  plan	
  states	
  what	
  capabilities	
  will	
  be	
  
available	
   at	
   what	
   time,	
   how	
   these	
   capabilities	
   are	
   described	
   and	
   assessed,	
   and	
   how	
   the	
  
Measures	
  of	
  Effectiveness	
  and	
  Performance	
  of	
  a	
  capability	
  are	
  made	
  visible	
  in	
  the	
  plans	
  and	
  
schedules.	
  
! By	
  isolating	
  all	
  work	
  to	
  Accomplishment	
  Criteria	
  “containers,”	
  the	
  measurement	
  of	
  progress	
  
is	
   described	
   by	
   through	
   the	
   Exit	
   Criteria	
   for	
   this	
   collection	
   of	
   work.	
   This	
   provides	
   direct	
  
visibility	
  to	
  progress	
  through	
  measures	
  of	
  Physical	
  Percent	
  Complete.	
  
	
   	
  
©	
  2011,	
  2012,	
  2013,	
  2014	
  Niwot	
  Ridge	
  Consulting,	
  L.L.C.,	
  4347	
  Pebble	
  Beach	
  Drive,	
  Longmont,	
  Colorado	
  303.241.9633,	
  glen.alleman@niwotridge.com	
  
❷	
  –	
  EA RN ED 	
  VA LU E	
  MA N A G EM EN T	
  SYSTEM 	
  (EVMS)	
  
EARNED	
  VALUE	
  MANAGEMENT	
  IS	
  THE	
  ‘BEST	
  TOOL’	
  FOR	
  MANAGING	
  LARGE,	
  COMPLEX	
  
ACQUISITION	
  PROGRAMS	
  –	
  DR.	
  ASHTON	
  CARTER	
  (USD,	
  AT&L)	
  26	
  NOVEMBER	
  2009	
  
For	
  government	
  contract	
  awards	
  greater	
  than	
  $20M,	
  an	
  Earned	
  Value	
  Management	
  system	
  is	
  
required	
  for	
  contract	
  execution	
  and	
  for	
  awards	
  greater	
  than	
  $50M,	
  a	
  Validated	
  Earned	
  Value	
  
Management	
   System	
   is	
   required.	
   ANSI-­‐748-­‐C	
   defines	
   32	
   guidelines	
   for	
   EVM	
   compliance	
   as	
  
stated	
  in	
  FAR	
  §34.2	
  and	
  DFARS	
  §234.001,	
  §252.234-­‐7002,	
  and	
  PGI	
  §234.201	
  (7)(iii)	
  
The	
  Earned	
  Value	
  Management	
  consulting	
  and	
  compliance	
  practice	
  starts	
  with	
  program	
  management,	
  
process	
  development,	
  and	
  EVM	
  engine	
  selection.	
  With	
  the	
  Earned	
  Value	
  Management	
  System	
  (EVMS)	
  
defined,	
  the	
  Program	
  Manager,	
  Control	
  Account	
  Managers,	
  Accounting	
  staff,	
  and	
  Business	
  Management	
  
staff	
   are	
   trained	
   and	
   mentored	
   to	
   assure	
   they	
   are	
   prepared	
   for	
   the	
   application	
   of	
   EVM.	
   The	
   System	
  
Description	
  and	
  Work	
  Instructions	
  are	
  developed	
  and	
  tailored	
  to	
  fit	
  the	
  business	
  processes.	
  The	
  DCMA	
  
self-­‐assessment	
  and	
  system	
  validation	
  review	
  is	
  then	
  started	
  to	
  complete	
  the	
  compliance	
  process.	
  
This	
  integrated	
  management	
  system	
  allows	
  program	
  managers	
  to:	
  (1)	
  Quantify	
  and	
  measure	
  
program	
  /	
  contract	
  performance;	
  (2)	
  Provide	
  an	
  early	
  warning	
  system	
  for	
  deviation	
  from	
  the	
  
baseline;	
  (3)	
  Handle	
  risks	
  associated	
  with	
  cost	
  and	
  schedule	
  overruns;	
  and	
  (4)	
  Provide	
  forecasts	
  
of	
  final	
  cost	
  and	
  schedule	
  outcomes.	
  
These	
  services	
  develop	
  the	
  work	
  processes	
  needed	
  to	
  integrate	
  the	
  EVMS	
  with	
  the	
  accounting	
  
system,	
  assure	
  the	
  program	
  staff	
  is	
  trained	
  and	
  capable	
  of	
  managing	
  the	
  contract	
  with	
  EVM,	
  
and	
   ready	
   to	
   produce	
   the	
   monthly	
   reporting	
   required	
   by	
   DI-­‐MGMT-­‐81861.	
   Starting	
   with	
   11	
  
critical	
  Guidelines	
  (shown	
  below)	
  to	
  establish	
  a	
  credible	
  program	
  controls	
  foundation,	
  before	
  
moving	
  to	
  the	
  second	
  tier	
  of	
  compliance	
  Guidelines.	
  
ORGANIZATION	
   PLANNING	
  AND	
  BUDGETING	
   ACCOUNTING	
   MANAGERIAL	
  ANALYSIS	
   REVISIONS	
  
1.	
  	
  Define	
  WBS	
   6.	
  Schedule	
  The	
  Work	
  
16.	
  Record	
  Direct	
  
Costs	
  
22.	
  Periodically	
  Collect	
  
Control	
  Account	
  
Sums	
  
28.	
  Incorporate	
  
Changes	
  
2.	
  	
  Identify	
  
Organizations	
  
7.	
  Identify	
  Products	
  And	
  
Milestones	
  
17.	
  Summarize	
  Costs	
  
In	
  The	
  Wbs	
  
23.	
  Determine	
  Variance	
   29.	
  Reconcile	
  Budgets	
  
3.	
  	
  Integrate	
  
Subsystems	
  
8.	
  Set	
  Time	
  Phased	
  Budget	
  
18.	
  Summarize	
  The	
  
Cost	
  In	
  The	
  OBS	
  
24.	
  Budget	
  And	
  Actual	
  
Indirect	
  Costs	
  
30.	
  Control	
  Retroactive	
  
Changes	
  
4.	
  	
  Identify	
  
Overhead	
  
9.	
  Identify	
  Significant	
  Cost	
  
Elements	
  
19.	
  Record	
  Indirect	
  
Costs	
  
25.	
  Sum	
  Data	
  And	
  
Variances	
  
31.	
  Perform	
  Only	
  
Authorized	
  Work	
  
5.	
  	
  Integrate	
  WBS	
  
And	
  OBS	
  
10.	
  Establish	
  Discrete	
  Work	
  
Packages	
  
20.	
  Identify	
  
Equivalent	
  And	
  
Lot	
  Costs	
  
26.	
  Manage	
  Action	
  
Plans	
  
32.	
  Document	
  PMB	
  
Changes	
  
	
  
11.	
  Sum	
  Work	
  And	
  Planning	
  
Packages	
  
21.	
  Performance	
  
Material	
  
Accounting	
  
27.	
  Revise	
  Estimate	
  At	
  
Completion	
  
	
  
	
  
12.	
  Identify	
  Level	
  Of	
  Effort	
  
Work	
  
	
   	
   	
  
	
  
13.	
  Set	
  Overhead	
  For	
  
Organization	
  
	
   	
   	
  
	
  
14.	
  Identify	
  Management	
  
Reserve	
  And	
  Unallocated	
  
Budget	
  
	
   	
   	
  
	
  
15.	
  Identify	
  Target	
  Costs	
  And	
  
Budgets	
  
	
   	
   	
  
These	
  11	
  critical	
  success	
  Guidelines,	
  of	
  the	
  32	
  in	
  ANSI-­‐748-­‐C,	
  are	
  the	
  start	
  of	
  the	
  EVMS	
  deployment	
  process.	
  With	
  these	
  11,	
  your	
  program	
  performance	
  
management	
  processes	
  are	
  in	
  place	
  to	
  increase	
  the	
  probability	
  of	
  project	
  success.	
  DCMA	
  validation	
  starts	
  with	
  16	
  critical	
  Guidelines	
  (1,	
  3,	
  6,	
  7,	
  8,	
  9,	
  10,	
  
12,	
  16,	
  21,	
  23,	
  26,	
  27,	
  28,	
  30,	
  or	
  32).	
  These	
  are	
  considered	
  “show	
  stoppers”	
  if	
  they	
  are	
  not	
  met.	
   	
  
©	
  2011,	
  2012,	
  2013,	
  2014	
  Niwot	
  Ridge	
  Consulting,	
  L.L.C.,	
  4347	
  Pebble	
  Beach	
  Drive,	
  Longmont,	
  Colorado	
  303.241.9633,	
  glen.alleman@niwotridge.com	
  
	
  
❸	
  –	
  PROGRAMMATIC	
  AND	
  TECHNICAL	
  RISK	
  MANAGEMENT	
  
‘RISK	
  MANAGEMENT	
  IS	
  HOW	
  ADULTS	
  MANAGE	
  PROJECTS’	
  –	
  TIM	
  LISTER,	
  IBM	
  FELLOW	
  
Risk	
  Management	
  is	
  a	
  critical	
  success	
  factor	
  for	
  all	
  	
  programs.	
  
Even	
  more	
  so,	
  when	
  executing	
  government	
  funded	
  programs	
  
that	
  produce	
  mission	
  critical	
  outcomes.	
  
Continuous	
  risk	
  management	
  process	
  is	
  based	
  on	
  industry	
  standard	
  
approaches	
  to	
  integrating	
  risk,	
  cost,	
  schedule,	
  and	
  technical	
  
performance	
  measures	
  into	
  a	
  credible	
  Performance	
  Measurement	
  
Baseline.	
  
The	
  application	
  of	
  Continuous	
  Risk	
  Management	
  (CRM)	
  process	
  
assures	
  the	
  program	
  has	
  made	
  the	
  proper	
  adjustments	
  to	
  the	
  Performance	
  Measurement	
  Baseline	
  to	
  
include	
  risk	
  handling	
  and	
  development	
  of	
  a	
  credible	
  Management	
  Reserve	
  for	
  handling	
  of	
  event	
  baased	
  
risks	
  that	
  occur	
  during	
  the	
  life	
  of	
  the	
  program.	
  	
  
This	
  includes:	
  
1. Identifying	
  Risks	
  –	
  before	
  risks	
  can	
  be	
  managed,	
  they	
  must	
  be	
  identified.	
  Identification	
  surfaces	
  
risks	
   before	
   they	
   become	
   problems	
   that	
   adversely	
   affect	
   a	
   project.	
   The	
   Software	
   Engineering	
  
Institute	
  (SEI)	
  has	
  developed	
  techniques	
  for	
  surfacing	
  risks	
  by	
  the	
  application	
  of	
  a	
  disciplined	
  and	
  
systematic	
  process	
  that	
  encourages	
  project	
  personnel	
  to	
  raise	
  concerns	
  and	
  issues	
  for	
  subsequent	
  
analysis.	
  SEI	
  paradigm	
  can	
  be	
  applied	
  all	
  project	
  domains,	
  not	
  just	
  software	
  development.	
  	
  
2. Analyzing	
  Risks	
  –	
  through	
  the	
  conversion	
  of	
  risk	
  data	
  into	
  risk	
  decision‒making	
  information.	
  This	
  
provides	
  the	
  basis	
  for	
  the	
  project	
  manager	
  to	
  work	
  on	
  the	
  “right”	
  risks.	
  This	
  analysis	
  examines	
  the	
  
risks	
  in	
  detail	
  to	
  determine	
  the	
  extent	
  of	
  the	
  risks,	
  how	
  they	
  relate	
  to	
  each	
  other,	
  and	
  which	
  ones	
  
are	
  the	
  most	
  important.	
  	
  
3. Planning	
  Risk	
  Handling	
  Strategies	
  –	
  by	
  turning	
  risk	
  information	
  into	
  decisions	
  and	
  actions	
  (both	
  
present	
   and	
   future).	
   Planning	
   involves	
   developing	
   actions	
   to	
   address	
   individual	
   risks,	
   prioritizing	
  
risk	
  actions,	
  and	
  creating	
  an	
  integrated	
  risk	
  management	
  plan.	
  This	
  planning	
  effort	
  decides	
  what	
  if	
  
anything	
  should	
  be	
  done	
  with	
  the	
  risk.	
  Planning	
  produces	
  risk	
  actions	
  for	
  individual	
  or	
  sets	
  of	
  risks.	
  
Risks	
  are	
  planned	
  by	
  the	
  people	
  who	
  have	
  the	
  knowledge,	
  expertise,	
  background,	
  and	
  resources	
  to	
  
effectively	
  deal	
  with	
  the	
  risks.	
  
4. Tracking	
   the	
   Status	
   of	
   Risk-­‐handling	
   Strategies	
   –	
   by	
   monitoring	
   the	
   status	
   of	
   risks	
   and	
   actions	
  
taken	
   to	
   ameliorate	
   them.	
   Appropriate	
   risk	
   metrics	
   are	
   identified	
   and	
   monitored	
   to	
   enable	
   the	
  
evaluation	
   of	
   the	
   status	
   of	
   risks	
   themselves	
   and	
   of	
   risk	
   mitigation	
   plans.	
   Tracking	
   serves	
   as	
   the	
  
“watch	
  dog”	
  function	
  of	
  risk	
  management.	
  
5. Making	
  Decisions	
  Based	
  on	
  the	
  Performance	
  of	
  the	
  Risk-­‐Handling	
  Activities	
  –	
  using	
  the	
  Tracking	
  
status	
  reports	
  produced	
  in	
  the	
  fourth	
  step	
  and	
  deciding	
  what	
  to	
  do	
  with	
  the	
  risks,	
  based	
  on	
  the	
  
reported	
  data.	
  The	
  person	
  accountable	
  for	
  a	
  risk	
  normally	
  makes	
  the	
  control	
  decisions	
  for	
  that	
  risk.	
  	
  
6. Communicating	
  the	
  Risk	
  Information	
  –	
  takes	
  place	
  across	
  with	
  all	
  levels	
  within	
  the	
  project	
  and	
  
organization,	
  within	
  the	
  customer	
  organization,	
  and	
  most	
  especially,	
  across	
  that	
  threshold	
  between	
  
the	
   development	
   organization,	
   the	
   customer,	
   and,	
   where	
   different,	
   the	
   user.	
   Because	
  
communication	
   is	
   pervasive,	
   the	
   approach	
   addresses	
   it	
   as	
   integral	
   to	
   every	
   risk	
   management	
  
activity	
  and	
  not	
  as	
  something	
  performed	
  outside	
  of,	
  and	
  as	
  a	
  supplement	
  to,	
  other	
  activities.	
  
©	
  2011,	
  2012,	
  2013,	
  2014	
  Niwot	
  Ridge	
  Consulting,	
  L.L.C.,	
  4347	
  Pebble	
  Beach	
  Drive,	
  Longmont,	
  Colorado	
  303.241.9633,	
  glen.alleman@niwotridge.com	
  
Program ExecutionPMB for IBRProposal SubmittalDRFP & RFP
Performance Measurement Baseline
Tasks (T)
BOE
% Complete
Statement of Work
Program Deliverables
IMP
Accomplishmen ts (A)
Criteria (C)
EVMS
Events (E)
Budget Spreads by CA & WPCAIV
Capabilities Based Requirements
X BCWS =
Probabilistic Risk Analysis
=
Time keeping and ODC =
Technical Performance Measure
BCWP
ACWP
Cost & Schedule Risk Model
BCWS
De cr e a sin g t e ch n ica l a n d p r o g r a mma t ic r isk u sin g Risk Ma n a g e me n t Me t h o d s
IMS
Physical % Complete
Continuity and consistency from DRFP through Program Execution
❹	
  –	
  PRO PO SA L	
  MA N A G EM EN T	
  
THE	
  KEY	
  TO	
  PROGRAM	
  SUCCESS	
  IS	
  TO	
  “EXECUTE	
  AS	
  YOU	
  PROPOSE”	
  
Success	
   of	
   any	
   proposal	
   and	
   resulting	
   contract	
   award	
   starts	
   with	
   a	
   credible	
   description	
   of	
   how	
   the	
  
contractor	
  is	
  going	
  to	
  deliver	
  on	
  the	
  needed	
  capabilities,	
  the	
   technical	
  and	
  operational	
  requirements	
  
that	
  fulfill	
  these	
  capabilities,	
  how	
  risks	
  associated	
  with	
  the	
  deliverables	
  are	
  managed,	
  and	
  how	
  measures	
  
of	
  progress	
  to	
  plan	
  are	
  used	
  to	
  stay	
  on	
  budget,	
  stay	
  on	
  schedule,	
  and	
  deliver	
  technical	
  compliance.	
  
Performance–Based	
  Project	
  Management®	
  assures	
  highest	
  probability	
  of	
  project	
  success,	
  starting	
  with	
  
the	
  proposal,	
  continuing	
  through	
  Integrated	
  Baseline	
  Review	
  (IBR),	
  and	
  onto	
  program	
  execution.	
  
1. During	
   the	
   Draft	
   RFP	
   and	
   Final	
   RFP	
   stage,	
   confirm	
   all	
   deliverables	
   are	
   clear	
   and	
   concise	
   with	
  
Measures	
   of	
   Effectiveness	
   (MOE)	
   and	
   Performance	
   (MOP)	
   for	
   those	
   deliverables.	
   This	
   approach	
  
assures	
  the	
  contractor	
  has	
  a	
  clear	
  and	
  concise	
  understanding	
  of	
  what	
  Done	
  looks	
  like	
  during	
  the	
  
proposal	
  phase.	
  Without	
  this	
  clarity,	
  corrective	
  actions	
  must	
  be	
  taken	
  to	
  improve	
  the	
  integrity	
  of	
  the	
  
proposal.	
  This	
  is	
  done	
  by	
  decomposing	
  the	
  Statement	
  of	
  Work	
  (SOW),	
  identifying	
  the	
  deliverables,	
  
connecting	
   these	
   with	
   the	
   needed	
   capabilities,	
   and	
   establishing	
   the	
   Technical	
   Performance	
  
Measures.	
  
2. Proposal	
  development	
  and	
  submittal	
  is	
  based	
  on	
  the	
  Integrated	
  Master	
  Plan	
  /	
  Integrated	
  Master	
  
Schedule	
  (IMP/IMS),	
  a	
  resource	
  loaded	
  Performance	
  Measurement	
  Baseline,	
  risk	
  adjusted	
  durations	
  
and	
   cost	
   basis,	
   Event–Based	
   risk	
   handling	
   strategies	
   with	
   Management	
   Reserve	
   (MR),	
   and	
   an	
  
integrated	
  technical,	
  operational,	
  cost,	
  and	
  schedule	
  performance	
  measurement	
  process.	
  
3. Once	
  awarded,	
  the	
  Performance	
  Measurement	
  Baseline	
  is	
  established	
  at	
  the	
  Work	
  Package	
  level	
  
using	
  Earned	
  Value’s	
  Budgeted	
  Cost	
  for	
  Work	
  Scheduled	
  (BCWS).	
  Technical	
  Performance	
  Measures	
  
(TPM)	
   are	
   established	
   for	
   each	
   deliverable	
   to	
   assure	
   actionable	
   information	
   is	
   provided	
   to	
   the	
  
decision	
  makers	
  in	
  meaningful	
  units	
  of	
  measure.	
  
4. During	
  execution,	
  fine–grained	
  assessments	
  of	
  performance	
  to	
  plan	
  are	
  made	
  to	
  assure	
  progress	
  is	
  
made	
   against	
   the	
   Performance	
   Measurement	
   Baseline.	
   The	
   Integrated	
   Master	
   Schedule	
   (IMS)	
  
provides	
  guidance	
  for	
  the	
  sequence	
  of	
  work	
  and	
  measures	
  of	
  technical	
  progress,	
  while	
  adhering	
  to	
  
cost	
  and	
  schedule.	
  The	
  result	
  is	
  a	
  risk	
  adjusted	
  Estimate	
  At	
  Completion	
  (EAC)	
  using	
  the	
  Earned	
  Value	
  
Management	
  data,	
  based	
  on	
  Monte	
  Carlo	
  Simulation	
  and	
  Event–Based	
  Risk	
  modeling.	
  
Performance-­‐Based	
  Project	
  Management®	
  provides	
  end-­‐to-­‐end	
  visibility	
  to	
  assure	
  program	
  success	
  
©	
  2011,	
  2012,	
  2013,	
  2014	
  Niwot	
  Ridge	
  Consulting,	
  L.L.C.,	
  4347	
  Pebble	
  Beach	
  Drive,	
  Longmont,	
  Colorado	
  303.241.9633,	
  glen.alleman@niwotridge.com	
  
Under	
  the	
  Business	
  System	
  Rule,	
  the	
  
DCMA	
   contracting	
   officer	
   …	
   must	
  
determine	
   the	
   acceptability	
   of	
   the	
  
contractor’s	
   systems,	
   approve	
   or	
  
disapprove	
   the	
   system,	
   and	
   pursue	
  
correction	
  of	
  any	
  deficiencies.	
  
❺ 	
  –	
  BU SIN ESS	
  SYSTEM 	
  RU LE	
  
‘CONTRACTOR	
  BUSINESS	
  SYSTEMS	
  AND	
  INTERNAL	
  CONTROLS	
  ARE	
  THE	
  FIRST	
  LINE	
  OF	
  DEFENSE	
  AGAINST	
  WASTE,	
  
FRAUD,	
  AND	
  ABUSE.	
  WEAK	
  CONTROL	
  SYSTEMS	
  INCREASE	
  THE	
  RISK	
  OF	
  UNALLOWABLE	
  AND	
  UNREASONABLE	
  
COSTS	
  ON	
  GOVERNMENT	
  CONTRACTS’	
  –	
  DEFENCE	
  CONTRACT	
  MANAGEMENT	
  AGENCY	
  
DFARS	
  252.242-­‐7005,	
  12	
  Feb	
  2012	
  	
  
Business	
  System	
   Guidance	
  
Accounting	
   DFARS	
  §242.75,	
  §252.242-­‐7006,	
  PGI	
  242.7502	
  
Cost	
  Estimating	
   DFARS	
  §215.407-­‐5-­‐70,	
  §252.215-­‐7002,	
  PGI,	
  215.407-­‐5-­‐70(e)(3)	
  
Procurement	
   DFARS	
  §244.1,	
  §252.244-­‐7001,	
  PGI	
  244.305-­‐70	
  
Material	
  
Management	
  and	
  
Accounting	
  
DFARS	
  §242.72,	
  §252.242-­‐7004,	
  PGI	
  242.7203	
  
Property	
  Control	
   DFARS	
  §245,	
  §252.245-­‐7003,	
  PGI	
  245.105	
  
Earned	
  Value	
  
Management	
  
DFARS	
  §234.001,	
  §252.234-­‐	
  7002,	
  PGI	
  234.201	
  (7)(iii)	
  
These	
  six	
  business	
  systems	
  apply	
  to	
  contracts,	
  awarded	
  after	
  
May,	
   2011.	
   Circumstances	
   where	
   these	
   individual	
   clauses	
  
are	
  required	
  vary.	
  A	
  contractor	
  can	
  expect	
  to	
  encounter	
  one	
  
or	
   more	
   of	
   the	
   clauses	
   on	
   negotiated,	
   cost—based	
   DOD	
  
contracts	
  in	
  excess	
  of	
  $700,000.	
  The	
  Business	
  System	
  rule	
  is	
  
applicable	
  to	
  accounting	
  systems	
  with	
  Cost-­‐reimbursement,	
  
incentive	
   type,	
   time-­‐and-­‐materials,	
   or	
   labor-­‐hour	
   contracts;	
   and	
   Contracts	
   with	
   progress	
  
payments	
  made	
  on	
  the	
  basis	
  of	
  costs	
  incurred	
  by	
  the	
  contractor	
  or	
  on	
  a	
  percentage	
  or	
  stage	
  of	
  
completion.	
   As	
   well,	
   Earned	
   Value	
   Management	
   is	
   applicable	
   on	
   cost	
   or	
   incentive	
   contracts	
  
valued	
   at	
   $20,000,000	
   or	
   more,	
   and	
   for	
   other	
   contracts	
   for	
   which	
   EVMS	
   will	
   be	
   applied	
   in	
  
accordance	
  with	
  DFARS	
  §234.201(1)(iii)	
  and	
  (iv).	
  
This	
   core	
   competency	
   provides	
   integration	
   of	
   the	
   Earned	
   Value	
   Management,	
   Procurement,	
  
and	
   Accounting	
   system	
   capabilities	
   needed	
   to	
   deliver	
   program	
   performance	
   visibility	
   to	
   the	
  
decision	
  makers.	
  	
  
This	
  integration	
  starts	
  with	
  program’s	
  Performance	
  Measurement	
  Baseline	
  (PMB)	
  established	
  in	
  
the	
  Earned	
  Value	
  Management	
  System,	
  integrated	
  with	
  a	
  DCAA	
  validated	
  accounting	
  system,	
  
and	
  a	
  CPSR	
  compliant	
  procurement	
  system,	
  to	
  produce	
  the	
  Integrated	
  Program	
  Management	
  
Report	
  (IPMR),	
  per	
  DI-­‐MGMT-­‐81861	
  for	
  monthly	
  submittal	
  to	
  the	
  government.	
  
Contracts	
  are	
  guided	
  through	
  Self-­‐Assessment	
  and	
  Validation	
  Review	
  based	
  on	
  the	
  19	
  DCAA	
  
guidelines	
  and	
  the	
  32	
  DCMA	
  guidelines.	
  The	
  focus	
  is	
  on	
  Earned	
  Value	
  and	
  its	
  integration	
  with	
  
the	
  Accounting	
  and	
  Procurement	
  systems	
  and	
  processes	
  in	
  compliance	
  with	
  Memorandum	
  for	
  
Regional	
   Directors,	
   DCAA,	
   April	
   24,	
   2012;	
   Audit	
   Guidance	
   on	
   Auditing	
   Contractor	
   Business	
  
Systems	
   and	
   Contractor	
   Compliance	
   with	
   DFARS	
   252.242-­‐7006,	
   Accounting	
   System	
  
Administration.	
  	
   	
  
©	
  2011,	
  2012,	
  2013,	
  2014	
  Niwot	
  Ridge	
  Consulting,	
  L.L.C.,	
  4347	
  Pebble	
  Beach	
  Drive,	
  Longmont,	
  Colorado	
  303.241.9633,	
  glen.alleman@niwotridge.com	
  
❻	
  –	
  DCMA/DCAA	
  VA LID A TIO N 	
  A N D 	
  SU RVEILLAN CE	
  
RECEIPT	
  OF	
  A	
  $20M	
  OR	
  GREATER	
  COST	
  REIMBURSEMENT	
  CONTRACT	
  IS	
  SUBJECT	
  TO	
  FAR	
  §34.2	
  AND	
  THE	
  
REQUIREMENT	
  FOR	
  SELF-­‐ASSESSMENT	
  (SA)	
  OR	
  A	
  FULL	
  EVMS	
  VALIDATION	
  REVIEW	
  INCLUDING	
  THE	
  SA	
  
The	
  Self-­‐Assessment,	
  Validation,	
  and	
  Surveillance	
  process	
  determines	
  if	
  the	
  contractors:	
  
! Processes,	
  procedures,	
  and	
  methods	
  are	
  compliant	
  with	
  the	
  32	
  Guidelines	
  of	
  ANSI-­‐748-­‐C.	
  
! Descriptive	
   documents	
   containing	
   the	
   contractor’s	
   policies	
   and	
   procedures	
   are	
   used	
   in	
   actual	
  
management	
  activities	
  on	
  the	
  program.	
  
! Earned	
  Value	
  data	
  generated	
  by	
  the	
  Earned	
  Value	
  Management	
  System	
  is	
  evidenced	
  in	
  use	
  for	
  the	
  
management	
  of	
  the	
  program.	
  
! Management	
  knowledge	
  of	
  the	
  EVMS	
  roles	
  and	
  responsibilities	
  of	
  it	
  operating	
  personnel	
  are	
  capable	
  
of	
  maintaining	
  compliance	
  with	
  ANSI-­‐748-­‐C.	
  
These	
  work	
  processes	
  assure	
  four	
  phases	
  on	
  the	
  path	
  to	
  Validation	
  are	
  successfully	
  completed	
  
with	
  minimal	
  disruption	
  to	
  the	
  contractor’s	
  daily	
  routine.	
  	
  
These	
  four	
  phases	
  are:	
  
1. Data	
  Item	
  List	
  Package	
  (DILP)	
  submittal	
  –	
  this	
  occurs	
  when	
  there	
  is	
  2	
  months	
  of	
  clean	
  
data	
  available	
  from	
  the	
  Earned	
  Value	
  Management	
  System.	
  
2. EVMS	
  Self–Assessment	
  (SA)	
  Package	
  submittal	
  –	
  usually	
  4	
  to	
  5	
  weeks	
  after	
  submittal	
  of	
  
the	
  DILP.	
  
3. Readiness	
  Assessment	
  (RA)	
  –	
  usually	
  30	
  days	
  after	
  submittal	
  of	
  DILP.	
  
4. Compliance	
  Review	
  (CR)	
  –	
  usually	
  six	
  months	
  after	
  submittal	
  of	
  DILP.	
  
The	
  primary	
  role	
  in	
  guiding	
  our	
  clients	
  through	
  each	
  of	
  these	
  Assessment	
  and	
  Review	
  stages,	
  
using	
  our	
  step-­‐by-­‐step	
  process	
  to	
  assure	
  the	
  client	
  reaches	
  success,	
  includes:	
  
Major	
  Phase	
   Detailed	
  Work	
  Activities	
  During	
  Each	
  Phase	
  
Risk	
  
Assessment	
  
! Program	
  phase	
  dependent	
  risk	
  assessment	
  of	
  processes,	
  tools,	
  and	
  procedures.	
  
! Discrepancy	
  Report	
  and	
  Corrective	
  Action	
  Report,	
  cost,	
  schedule,	
  and	
  technical	
  performance	
  variance	
  
assessment.	
  
System	
  
Description	
  and	
  
Earned	
  Value	
  
Management	
  
System	
  
! Confirm	
  all	
  sections	
  are	
  present	
  and	
  cover	
  the	
  ANSI-­‐748-­‐C	
  topics.	
  
! Assure	
  all	
  data	
  items	
  can	
  be	
  traced	
  to	
  sections	
  of	
  the	
  System	
  Description.	
  
! Confirm	
  Work	
  Instructions	
  definitize	
  the	
  guidance	
  in	
  the	
  System	
  Description.	
  
! Document	
  compliance	
  at	
  the	
  level	
  of	
  application	
  for	
  all	
  data	
  and	
  processes.	
  
! Programmatic	
  procedures	
  for	
  common	
  processes,	
  flexibility,	
  and	
  unique	
  instances.	
  
! Collect	
  actual	
  data	
  generated	
  by	
  program	
  to	
  support	
  compliance	
  with	
  EVMS	
  and	
  SD.	
  
! Assemble	
  all	
  data,	
  processes,	
  and	
  access	
  procedures	
  in	
  a	
  single	
  Story	
  Board	
  Process.	
  
Training	
  
! Use	
  of	
  System	
  Description	
  confirmed.	
  
! Control	
  Account	
  Manager	
  (CAM)	
  interview	
  questions	
  for	
  all	
  ANSI-­‐748-­‐C	
  sections.	
  
! Document	
  review	
  requirements	
  and	
  CAM	
  training	
  for	
  document	
  usage.	
  
! First	
  round	
  mock	
  interviews	
  for	
  CAMs	
  with	
  SD,	
  WI,	
  and	
  live	
  data.	
  
Self	
  Assessment	
  
! Verification	
  of	
  process	
  implementation	
  using	
  Story	
  Boards	
  and	
  data	
  traces.	
  
! Document	
  trace	
  of	
  system	
  compliance	
  with	
  ANSI-­‐748-­‐C	
  Guidelines.	
  
! Conduct	
  Cross	
  Reference	
  Checklist	
  for	
  EVMS.	
  
! Documentation	
  of	
  proper	
  system	
  implementation.	
  
! Follow	
  up	
  discrepancies	
  with	
  corrective	
  actions.	
  
! Mock	
  Control	
  Account	
  Manager	
  Interviews.	
  
! Complete	
  Interview	
  Findings	
  Form	
  (IFF)	
  for	
  PM,	
  CAMs,	
  Accounting,	
  Business	
  Management,	
  and	
  Risk.	
  
! Re-­‐verification	
  of	
  closed	
  discrepancies.	
  
Data	
  Trace,	
  
Collection,	
  
Verification,	
  
Storage,	
  and	
  
Access	
  
Procedures	
  
! Data	
  collection	
  for	
  validation	
  review.	
  
! Review	
  for	
  accuracy,	
  integration,	
  and	
  consistency	
  with	
  the	
  EVMS.	
  
! CAM	
  focus	
  on	
  documents	
  –	
  WAD,	
  Planning	
  and	
  Budgeting,	
  IMS,	
  VAR,	
  EAC,	
  revisions.	
  
! Focus	
  on	
  GL’s	
  assigned	
  –	
  all	
  budget	
  and	
  change	
  logs	
  traceable	
  to	
  Performance	
  Measurement	
  Baseline.	
  
! Focus	
  on	
  data	
  reference	
  integrity	
  and	
  traceability	
  to	
  IPMR	
  and	
  all	
  change	
  control	
  logs.	
  
! Verify	
  9	
  EVM	
  processes	
  and	
  32	
  Guideline	
  review	
  processes	
  before	
  final	
  validation.	
  
©	
  2011,	
  2012,	
  2013,	
  2014	
  Niwot	
  Ridge	
  Consulting,	
  L.L.C.,	
  4347	
  Pebble	
  Beach	
  Drive,	
  Longmont,	
  Colorado	
  303.241.9633,	
  glen.alleman@niwotridge.com	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  

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Niwot Ridge LLC Capabilities

  • 1. ©  2011,  2012,  2013,  2014  Niwot  Ridge  Consulting,  L.L.C.,  4347  Pebble  Beach  Drive,  Longmont,  Colorado  303.241.9633,  glen.alleman@niwotridge.com   Niwot  Ridge  Consulting,  L.L.C.   Increasing  the  Probability  of  Program  Success   Successful   execution   of   Enterprise   IT,   Aerospace,   Defense,   and   Federal   Government  programs  requires  management  discipline  to  identify  what  “Done”   looks   like,   provide   measures   of   progress   toward   “Done,”   identify   risks   and   impediments   to   reaching   “Done,”   and   assures   timely   corrective   action   to   maintain  the  planned  progress  toward  “Done.”   Performance–Based   Project   Management®   assures   the   people,   processes,   and   tools   successfully  deliver  the  program  using  six  core  capabilities.   Our  Capabilities   Beneficial  Outcome  to  Our  Clients   ❶   Integrated   Master  Plan  &   Integrated   Master  Schedule   Starting  with  the  Concept  of  Operations,  a  Capabilities  Based  Plan,  and  other   program  mission  documents,  develop  an  Integrated  Master  Plan  (IMP)  and  a   DI-­‐MGMT-­‐81861  compliant  risk  adjusted,  resource  loaded,  Integrated  Master   Schedule  (IMS)  with  Work  Packages  (WP)  showing  a  credible  path  to  success.   ❷   Earned  Value   Management   Systems  (EVMS)   Lead   EVMS   requirements   elicitation,   product   selection,   management   of   installation   and   startup,   and   integration   with   Accounting   and   Procurement   systems.  Develop  the  System  Description  (SD),  Work  Instructions  (WI),  training   and   mentoring   needed   for   a   successful   deployment   of   the   EVMS   and   its   application  to  program  and  compliance  with  ANSI-­‐748-­‐C.   ❸   Programmatic   and  Technical   Risk   Management   Cost,   schedule,   and   technical   risk   management   integrated   with   the   Performance   Measurement   Baseline   establishing   a   credible   Estimate   At   Completion  (EAC)  and  Management  Reserve  (MR)  impact  analysis.   ❹   Business  System   Rule  Integration   Enterprise   system   integration   capabilities   connect   business   Accounting,   Procurement,  and  Earned  Value  Management  Systems  for  Cost  Plus  or  Fix  Price   Incentive   contracts   valued   at   $20M   or   more,   in   accordance   with   DFARS   §234.201(1)(iii)  and  (iv).     ❺   DCMA/DCAA   Validation  and   Surveillance   With  contract  awards  greater  than  $20M,  planning,  development,  deployment,   training,   and   support   activities   for   an   EVMS,   start   with   contract   award,   and   continue   through   Integrated   Baseline   Review   (IBR),   then   onto   program   execution.  Hands-­‐on  Control  Account  Manager  (CAM)  training  and  mentoring   process  assures  staff  is  prepared  for  a  successful  DCMA  validation  process.   ❻   Proposal   Management   for  management   volume   Using   proposal   “win   themes,”   develop   an   Integrated   Master   Plan   for   the   deliverables   and   the   supporting   Integrated   Master   Schedule,   Technical   Performance   Measures,   Risk   Handling   strategies,   Measures   of   Effectiveness   and  Measures  of  Performance  to  assure  proposal  is  credible  and  winning.        
  • 2. ©  2011,  2012,  2013,  2014  Niwot  Ridge  Consulting,  L.L.C.,  4347  Pebble  Beach  Drive,  Longmont,  Colorado  303.241.9633,  glen.alleman@niwotridge.com   ❶  –  IN TEG RATED  MA STER  PLA N  /  IN TEG RATED  MA STER  SCHED U LE   PROJECT  SUCCESS  REQUIRES  A  CLEAR  AND  CONCISE  DESCRIPTION  OF  “DONE”     Hands–on   approach   constructs,   baselines,   and   executes,   with   client   full   participation,   the   program   using   the   Integrated   Master   Plan   and   Integrated   Master   Schedule   (IMP/IMS).   The   IMP/IMS   progress   is   defined   through   risk   adjusted   physical   percent   complete   rather   than   measuring  the  passage  of  time  and  consumption  of  resources.   This   approach   starts   with   planning   Vertically   for   each   Program   Event   (PE),   through   Work   Packages  to  the  Accomplishment  Criteria  (AC),  to  the  Significant  Accomplishments  (SA),  to  the   Program  Events  (PE)  to  provide  visibility  to  the  increasing  maturity  of  all  project  deliverables.   Only   then,   does   planning   take   place   Horizontally   for   the   dependencies   between   the   Work   Packages,  ACs,  SAs,  and  Project  Events.     Program  Events  are  more  than  milestones,  they  are  maturity  assessment  points  in  the  program,   where   pre-­‐defined   deliverables   are   assessed   to   assure   Technical   Performance   is   being   met   against  pre-­‐defined  metrics.  As  well,  pre-­‐defined  levels  of  risk  are  being  retired  or  mitigated  as   planned.  Event  based  planning  and  scheduling  provides  an  alternative  approach  with  several   benefits:   ! Measures   of   increasing   maturity   of   products   and   services   produced   by   work   effort   are   directly   connected   to   the   value   produced   by   the   program   for   the   customer.   This   is   the   foundation  of  Capabilities  Based  Planning.  The  program  plan  states  what  capabilities  will  be   available   at   what   time,   how   these   capabilities   are   described   and   assessed,   and   how   the   Measures  of  Effectiveness  and  Performance  of  a  capability  are  made  visible  in  the  plans  and   schedules.   ! By  isolating  all  work  to  Accomplishment  Criteria  “containers,”  the  measurement  of  progress   is   described   by   through   the   Exit   Criteria   for   this   collection   of   work.   This   provides   direct   visibility  to  progress  through  measures  of  Physical  Percent  Complete.      
  • 3. ©  2011,  2012,  2013,  2014  Niwot  Ridge  Consulting,  L.L.C.,  4347  Pebble  Beach  Drive,  Longmont,  Colorado  303.241.9633,  glen.alleman@niwotridge.com   ❷  –  EA RN ED  VA LU E  MA N A G EM EN T  SYSTEM  (EVMS)   EARNED  VALUE  MANAGEMENT  IS  THE  ‘BEST  TOOL’  FOR  MANAGING  LARGE,  COMPLEX   ACQUISITION  PROGRAMS  –  DR.  ASHTON  CARTER  (USD,  AT&L)  26  NOVEMBER  2009   For  government  contract  awards  greater  than  $20M,  an  Earned  Value  Management  system  is   required  for  contract  execution  and  for  awards  greater  than  $50M,  a  Validated  Earned  Value   Management   System   is   required.   ANSI-­‐748-­‐C   defines   32   guidelines   for   EVM   compliance   as   stated  in  FAR  §34.2  and  DFARS  §234.001,  §252.234-­‐7002,  and  PGI  §234.201  (7)(iii)   The  Earned  Value  Management  consulting  and  compliance  practice  starts  with  program  management,   process  development,  and  EVM  engine  selection.  With  the  Earned  Value  Management  System  (EVMS)   defined,  the  Program  Manager,  Control  Account  Managers,  Accounting  staff,  and  Business  Management   staff   are   trained   and   mentored   to   assure   they   are   prepared   for   the   application   of   EVM.   The   System   Description  and  Work  Instructions  are  developed  and  tailored  to  fit  the  business  processes.  The  DCMA   self-­‐assessment  and  system  validation  review  is  then  started  to  complete  the  compliance  process.   This  integrated  management  system  allows  program  managers  to:  (1)  Quantify  and  measure   program  /  contract  performance;  (2)  Provide  an  early  warning  system  for  deviation  from  the   baseline;  (3)  Handle  risks  associated  with  cost  and  schedule  overruns;  and  (4)  Provide  forecasts   of  final  cost  and  schedule  outcomes.   These  services  develop  the  work  processes  needed  to  integrate  the  EVMS  with  the  accounting   system,  assure  the  program  staff  is  trained  and  capable  of  managing  the  contract  with  EVM,   and   ready   to   produce   the   monthly   reporting   required   by   DI-­‐MGMT-­‐81861.   Starting   with   11   critical  Guidelines  (shown  below)  to  establish  a  credible  program  controls  foundation,  before   moving  to  the  second  tier  of  compliance  Guidelines.   ORGANIZATION   PLANNING  AND  BUDGETING   ACCOUNTING   MANAGERIAL  ANALYSIS   REVISIONS   1.    Define  WBS   6.  Schedule  The  Work   16.  Record  Direct   Costs   22.  Periodically  Collect   Control  Account   Sums   28.  Incorporate   Changes   2.    Identify   Organizations   7.  Identify  Products  And   Milestones   17.  Summarize  Costs   In  The  Wbs   23.  Determine  Variance   29.  Reconcile  Budgets   3.    Integrate   Subsystems   8.  Set  Time  Phased  Budget   18.  Summarize  The   Cost  In  The  OBS   24.  Budget  And  Actual   Indirect  Costs   30.  Control  Retroactive   Changes   4.    Identify   Overhead   9.  Identify  Significant  Cost   Elements   19.  Record  Indirect   Costs   25.  Sum  Data  And   Variances   31.  Perform  Only   Authorized  Work   5.    Integrate  WBS   And  OBS   10.  Establish  Discrete  Work   Packages   20.  Identify   Equivalent  And   Lot  Costs   26.  Manage  Action   Plans   32.  Document  PMB   Changes     11.  Sum  Work  And  Planning   Packages   21.  Performance   Material   Accounting   27.  Revise  Estimate  At   Completion       12.  Identify  Level  Of  Effort   Work           13.  Set  Overhead  For   Organization           14.  Identify  Management   Reserve  And  Unallocated   Budget           15.  Identify  Target  Costs  And   Budgets         These  11  critical  success  Guidelines,  of  the  32  in  ANSI-­‐748-­‐C,  are  the  start  of  the  EVMS  deployment  process.  With  these  11,  your  program  performance   management  processes  are  in  place  to  increase  the  probability  of  project  success.  DCMA  validation  starts  with  16  critical  Guidelines  (1,  3,  6,  7,  8,  9,  10,   12,  16,  21,  23,  26,  27,  28,  30,  or  32).  These  are  considered  “show  stoppers”  if  they  are  not  met.    
  • 4. ©  2011,  2012,  2013,  2014  Niwot  Ridge  Consulting,  L.L.C.,  4347  Pebble  Beach  Drive,  Longmont,  Colorado  303.241.9633,  glen.alleman@niwotridge.com     ❸  –  PROGRAMMATIC  AND  TECHNICAL  RISK  MANAGEMENT   ‘RISK  MANAGEMENT  IS  HOW  ADULTS  MANAGE  PROJECTS’  –  TIM  LISTER,  IBM  FELLOW   Risk  Management  is  a  critical  success  factor  for  all    programs.   Even  more  so,  when  executing  government  funded  programs   that  produce  mission  critical  outcomes.   Continuous  risk  management  process  is  based  on  industry  standard   approaches  to  integrating  risk,  cost,  schedule,  and  technical   performance  measures  into  a  credible  Performance  Measurement   Baseline.   The  application  of  Continuous  Risk  Management  (CRM)  process   assures  the  program  has  made  the  proper  adjustments  to  the  Performance  Measurement  Baseline  to   include  risk  handling  and  development  of  a  credible  Management  Reserve  for  handling  of  event  baased   risks  that  occur  during  the  life  of  the  program.     This  includes:   1. Identifying  Risks  –  before  risks  can  be  managed,  they  must  be  identified.  Identification  surfaces   risks   before   they   become   problems   that   adversely   affect   a   project.   The   Software   Engineering   Institute  (SEI)  has  developed  techniques  for  surfacing  risks  by  the  application  of  a  disciplined  and   systematic  process  that  encourages  project  personnel  to  raise  concerns  and  issues  for  subsequent   analysis.  SEI  paradigm  can  be  applied  all  project  domains,  not  just  software  development.     2. Analyzing  Risks  –  through  the  conversion  of  risk  data  into  risk  decision‒making  information.  This   provides  the  basis  for  the  project  manager  to  work  on  the  “right”  risks.  This  analysis  examines  the   risks  in  detail  to  determine  the  extent  of  the  risks,  how  they  relate  to  each  other,  and  which  ones   are  the  most  important.     3. Planning  Risk  Handling  Strategies  –  by  turning  risk  information  into  decisions  and  actions  (both   present   and   future).   Planning   involves   developing   actions   to   address   individual   risks,   prioritizing   risk  actions,  and  creating  an  integrated  risk  management  plan.  This  planning  effort  decides  what  if   anything  should  be  done  with  the  risk.  Planning  produces  risk  actions  for  individual  or  sets  of  risks.   Risks  are  planned  by  the  people  who  have  the  knowledge,  expertise,  background,  and  resources  to   effectively  deal  with  the  risks.   4. Tracking   the   Status   of   Risk-­‐handling   Strategies   –   by   monitoring   the   status   of   risks   and   actions   taken   to   ameliorate   them.   Appropriate   risk   metrics   are   identified   and   monitored   to   enable   the   evaluation   of   the   status   of   risks   themselves   and   of   risk   mitigation   plans.   Tracking   serves   as   the   “watch  dog”  function  of  risk  management.   5. Making  Decisions  Based  on  the  Performance  of  the  Risk-­‐Handling  Activities  –  using  the  Tracking   status  reports  produced  in  the  fourth  step  and  deciding  what  to  do  with  the  risks,  based  on  the   reported  data.  The  person  accountable  for  a  risk  normally  makes  the  control  decisions  for  that  risk.     6. Communicating  the  Risk  Information  –  takes  place  across  with  all  levels  within  the  project  and   organization,  within  the  customer  organization,  and  most  especially,  across  that  threshold  between   the   development   organization,   the   customer,   and,   where   different,   the   user.   Because   communication   is   pervasive,   the   approach   addresses   it   as   integral   to   every   risk   management   activity  and  not  as  something  performed  outside  of,  and  as  a  supplement  to,  other  activities.  
  • 5. ©  2011,  2012,  2013,  2014  Niwot  Ridge  Consulting,  L.L.C.,  4347  Pebble  Beach  Drive,  Longmont,  Colorado  303.241.9633,  glen.alleman@niwotridge.com   Program ExecutionPMB for IBRProposal SubmittalDRFP & RFP Performance Measurement Baseline Tasks (T) BOE % Complete Statement of Work Program Deliverables IMP Accomplishmen ts (A) Criteria (C) EVMS Events (E) Budget Spreads by CA & WPCAIV Capabilities Based Requirements X BCWS = Probabilistic Risk Analysis = Time keeping and ODC = Technical Performance Measure BCWP ACWP Cost & Schedule Risk Model BCWS De cr e a sin g t e ch n ica l a n d p r o g r a mma t ic r isk u sin g Risk Ma n a g e me n t Me t h o d s IMS Physical % Complete Continuity and consistency from DRFP through Program Execution ❹  –  PRO PO SA L  MA N A G EM EN T   THE  KEY  TO  PROGRAM  SUCCESS  IS  TO  “EXECUTE  AS  YOU  PROPOSE”   Success   of   any   proposal   and   resulting   contract   award   starts   with   a   credible   description   of   how   the   contractor  is  going  to  deliver  on  the  needed  capabilities,  the   technical  and  operational  requirements   that  fulfill  these  capabilities,  how  risks  associated  with  the  deliverables  are  managed,  and  how  measures   of  progress  to  plan  are  used  to  stay  on  budget,  stay  on  schedule,  and  deliver  technical  compliance.   Performance–Based  Project  Management®  assures  highest  probability  of  project  success,  starting  with   the  proposal,  continuing  through  Integrated  Baseline  Review  (IBR),  and  onto  program  execution.   1. During   the   Draft   RFP   and   Final   RFP   stage,   confirm   all   deliverables   are   clear   and   concise   with   Measures   of   Effectiveness   (MOE)   and   Performance   (MOP)   for   those   deliverables.   This   approach   assures  the  contractor  has  a  clear  and  concise  understanding  of  what  Done  looks  like  during  the   proposal  phase.  Without  this  clarity,  corrective  actions  must  be  taken  to  improve  the  integrity  of  the   proposal.  This  is  done  by  decomposing  the  Statement  of  Work  (SOW),  identifying  the  deliverables,   connecting   these   with   the   needed   capabilities,   and   establishing   the   Technical   Performance   Measures.   2. Proposal  development  and  submittal  is  based  on  the  Integrated  Master  Plan  /  Integrated  Master   Schedule  (IMP/IMS),  a  resource  loaded  Performance  Measurement  Baseline,  risk  adjusted  durations   and   cost   basis,   Event–Based   risk   handling   strategies   with   Management   Reserve   (MR),   and   an   integrated  technical,  operational,  cost,  and  schedule  performance  measurement  process.   3. Once  awarded,  the  Performance  Measurement  Baseline  is  established  at  the  Work  Package  level   using  Earned  Value’s  Budgeted  Cost  for  Work  Scheduled  (BCWS).  Technical  Performance  Measures   (TPM)   are   established   for   each   deliverable   to   assure   actionable   information   is   provided   to   the   decision  makers  in  meaningful  units  of  measure.   4. During  execution,  fine–grained  assessments  of  performance  to  plan  are  made  to  assure  progress  is   made   against   the   Performance   Measurement   Baseline.   The   Integrated   Master   Schedule   (IMS)   provides  guidance  for  the  sequence  of  work  and  measures  of  technical  progress,  while  adhering  to   cost  and  schedule.  The  result  is  a  risk  adjusted  Estimate  At  Completion  (EAC)  using  the  Earned  Value   Management  data,  based  on  Monte  Carlo  Simulation  and  Event–Based  Risk  modeling.   Performance-­‐Based  Project  Management®  provides  end-­‐to-­‐end  visibility  to  assure  program  success  
  • 6. ©  2011,  2012,  2013,  2014  Niwot  Ridge  Consulting,  L.L.C.,  4347  Pebble  Beach  Drive,  Longmont,  Colorado  303.241.9633,  glen.alleman@niwotridge.com   Under  the  Business  System  Rule,  the   DCMA   contracting   officer   …   must   determine   the   acceptability   of   the   contractor’s   systems,   approve   or   disapprove   the   system,   and   pursue   correction  of  any  deficiencies.   ❺  –  BU SIN ESS  SYSTEM  RU LE   ‘CONTRACTOR  BUSINESS  SYSTEMS  AND  INTERNAL  CONTROLS  ARE  THE  FIRST  LINE  OF  DEFENSE  AGAINST  WASTE,   FRAUD,  AND  ABUSE.  WEAK  CONTROL  SYSTEMS  INCREASE  THE  RISK  OF  UNALLOWABLE  AND  UNREASONABLE   COSTS  ON  GOVERNMENT  CONTRACTS’  –  DEFENCE  CONTRACT  MANAGEMENT  AGENCY   DFARS  252.242-­‐7005,  12  Feb  2012     Business  System   Guidance   Accounting   DFARS  §242.75,  §252.242-­‐7006,  PGI  242.7502   Cost  Estimating   DFARS  §215.407-­‐5-­‐70,  §252.215-­‐7002,  PGI,  215.407-­‐5-­‐70(e)(3)   Procurement   DFARS  §244.1,  §252.244-­‐7001,  PGI  244.305-­‐70   Material   Management  and   Accounting   DFARS  §242.72,  §252.242-­‐7004,  PGI  242.7203   Property  Control   DFARS  §245,  §252.245-­‐7003,  PGI  245.105   Earned  Value   Management   DFARS  §234.001,  §252.234-­‐  7002,  PGI  234.201  (7)(iii)   These  six  business  systems  apply  to  contracts,  awarded  after   May,   2011.   Circumstances   where   these   individual   clauses   are  required  vary.  A  contractor  can  expect  to  encounter  one   or   more   of   the   clauses   on   negotiated,   cost—based   DOD   contracts  in  excess  of  $700,000.  The  Business  System  rule  is   applicable  to  accounting  systems  with  Cost-­‐reimbursement,   incentive   type,   time-­‐and-­‐materials,   or   labor-­‐hour   contracts;   and   Contracts   with   progress   payments  made  on  the  basis  of  costs  incurred  by  the  contractor  or  on  a  percentage  or  stage  of   completion.   As   well,   Earned   Value   Management   is   applicable   on   cost   or   incentive   contracts   valued   at   $20,000,000   or   more,   and   for   other   contracts   for   which   EVMS   will   be   applied   in   accordance  with  DFARS  §234.201(1)(iii)  and  (iv).   This   core   competency   provides   integration   of   the   Earned   Value   Management,   Procurement,   and   Accounting   system   capabilities   needed   to   deliver   program   performance   visibility   to   the   decision  makers.     This  integration  starts  with  program’s  Performance  Measurement  Baseline  (PMB)  established  in   the  Earned  Value  Management  System,  integrated  with  a  DCAA  validated  accounting  system,   and  a  CPSR  compliant  procurement  system,  to  produce  the  Integrated  Program  Management   Report  (IPMR),  per  DI-­‐MGMT-­‐81861  for  monthly  submittal  to  the  government.   Contracts  are  guided  through  Self-­‐Assessment  and  Validation  Review  based  on  the  19  DCAA   guidelines  and  the  32  DCMA  guidelines.  The  focus  is  on  Earned  Value  and  its  integration  with   the  Accounting  and  Procurement  systems  and  processes  in  compliance  with  Memorandum  for   Regional   Directors,   DCAA,   April   24,   2012;   Audit   Guidance   on   Auditing   Contractor   Business   Systems   and   Contractor   Compliance   with   DFARS   252.242-­‐7006,   Accounting   System   Administration.      
  • 7. ©  2011,  2012,  2013,  2014  Niwot  Ridge  Consulting,  L.L.C.,  4347  Pebble  Beach  Drive,  Longmont,  Colorado  303.241.9633,  glen.alleman@niwotridge.com   ❻  –  DCMA/DCAA  VA LID A TIO N  A N D  SU RVEILLAN CE   RECEIPT  OF  A  $20M  OR  GREATER  COST  REIMBURSEMENT  CONTRACT  IS  SUBJECT  TO  FAR  §34.2  AND  THE   REQUIREMENT  FOR  SELF-­‐ASSESSMENT  (SA)  OR  A  FULL  EVMS  VALIDATION  REVIEW  INCLUDING  THE  SA   The  Self-­‐Assessment,  Validation,  and  Surveillance  process  determines  if  the  contractors:   ! Processes,  procedures,  and  methods  are  compliant  with  the  32  Guidelines  of  ANSI-­‐748-­‐C.   ! Descriptive   documents   containing   the   contractor’s   policies   and   procedures   are   used   in   actual   management  activities  on  the  program.   ! Earned  Value  data  generated  by  the  Earned  Value  Management  System  is  evidenced  in  use  for  the   management  of  the  program.   ! Management  knowledge  of  the  EVMS  roles  and  responsibilities  of  it  operating  personnel  are  capable   of  maintaining  compliance  with  ANSI-­‐748-­‐C.   These  work  processes  assure  four  phases  on  the  path  to  Validation  are  successfully  completed   with  minimal  disruption  to  the  contractor’s  daily  routine.     These  four  phases  are:   1. Data  Item  List  Package  (DILP)  submittal  –  this  occurs  when  there  is  2  months  of  clean   data  available  from  the  Earned  Value  Management  System.   2. EVMS  Self–Assessment  (SA)  Package  submittal  –  usually  4  to  5  weeks  after  submittal  of   the  DILP.   3. Readiness  Assessment  (RA)  –  usually  30  days  after  submittal  of  DILP.   4. Compliance  Review  (CR)  –  usually  six  months  after  submittal  of  DILP.   The  primary  role  in  guiding  our  clients  through  each  of  these  Assessment  and  Review  stages,   using  our  step-­‐by-­‐step  process  to  assure  the  client  reaches  success,  includes:   Major  Phase   Detailed  Work  Activities  During  Each  Phase   Risk   Assessment   ! Program  phase  dependent  risk  assessment  of  processes,  tools,  and  procedures.   ! Discrepancy  Report  and  Corrective  Action  Report,  cost,  schedule,  and  technical  performance  variance   assessment.   System   Description  and   Earned  Value   Management   System   ! Confirm  all  sections  are  present  and  cover  the  ANSI-­‐748-­‐C  topics.   ! Assure  all  data  items  can  be  traced  to  sections  of  the  System  Description.   ! Confirm  Work  Instructions  definitize  the  guidance  in  the  System  Description.   ! Document  compliance  at  the  level  of  application  for  all  data  and  processes.   ! Programmatic  procedures  for  common  processes,  flexibility,  and  unique  instances.   ! Collect  actual  data  generated  by  program  to  support  compliance  with  EVMS  and  SD.   ! Assemble  all  data,  processes,  and  access  procedures  in  a  single  Story  Board  Process.   Training   ! Use  of  System  Description  confirmed.   ! Control  Account  Manager  (CAM)  interview  questions  for  all  ANSI-­‐748-­‐C  sections.   ! Document  review  requirements  and  CAM  training  for  document  usage.   ! First  round  mock  interviews  for  CAMs  with  SD,  WI,  and  live  data.   Self  Assessment   ! Verification  of  process  implementation  using  Story  Boards  and  data  traces.   ! Document  trace  of  system  compliance  with  ANSI-­‐748-­‐C  Guidelines.   ! Conduct  Cross  Reference  Checklist  for  EVMS.   ! Documentation  of  proper  system  implementation.   ! Follow  up  discrepancies  with  corrective  actions.   ! Mock  Control  Account  Manager  Interviews.   ! Complete  Interview  Findings  Form  (IFF)  for  PM,  CAMs,  Accounting,  Business  Management,  and  Risk.   ! Re-­‐verification  of  closed  discrepancies.   Data  Trace,   Collection,   Verification,   Storage,  and   Access   Procedures   ! Data  collection  for  validation  review.   ! Review  for  accuracy,  integration,  and  consistency  with  the  EVMS.   ! CAM  focus  on  documents  –  WAD,  Planning  and  Budgeting,  IMS,  VAR,  EAC,  revisions.   ! Focus  on  GL’s  assigned  –  all  budget  and  change  logs  traceable  to  Performance  Measurement  Baseline.   ! Focus  on  data  reference  integrity  and  traceability  to  IPMR  and  all  change  control  logs.   ! Verify  9  EVM  processes  and  32  Guideline  review  processes  before  final  validation.  
  • 8. ©  2011,  2012,  2013,  2014  Niwot  Ridge  Consulting,  L.L.C.,  4347  Pebble  Beach  Drive,  Longmont,  Colorado  303.241.9633,  glen.alleman@niwotridge.com