Operational Planning for Smart Distribution Grids

GREDOR
Gestion des Réseaux Electriques de
Distribution Ouverts aux Renouvelables
!
Task 3 - Operational Planning
General meeting
Q. Gemine - ULg
January 27, 2014
!1

Operational planning
GREDOR - Gestion des Réseaux Electriques de Distribution Ouverts aux Renouvelables
!2
Goal ?
Anticipate and prevent, in the short term, insecure operation situations.

Goal ?
!2
When ?
Before real time operation.

Goal ?
!2
When ?
Before real time operation.
How ?
Using a set of actions provided to the Distribution System Operator.

Insecure operation situations
An electrical state is insecure if the
operational limits of a network component
are violated.
!3
Voltage limits at buses:
Bus i Vi ≤ Vi ≤ V̅i
e.g. : 0.95 p.u. ≤ Vi ≤ 1.05 p.u.!
with 1 p.u. = 15 kV
Current limit within links:
Bus i Bus j
|Iij| ≤Iij̅

Decision framework
What does "before real time operation" means?
… …
!4
Intraday
15 min 15 min 15 min … 15 min
Day-ahead
DA
closure
Time
Potential decision stages

Decision framework
To prevent insecure situations, the future state of the grid needs to be
anticipated. Because some phenomena are uncertain, more than one
future might be credible.
!5
Time
?

Decision framework
To prevent insecure situations, the future state of the grid needs to be
anticipated. Because some phenomena are uncertain, more than one
future might be credible.
!5
Time
?
100%
50%
0%
Scenario 1
Scenario 2
Scenario 3
Each realization of the uncertain phenomena corresponds to a scenario.

Scenario trees
!6
At each decision stage, there is some uncertainty for the periods to
come.
Time
Each path in the tree is a scenario.

Actions
!7
The actions considered for operational planning can be classified into
two categories:
A. network reconfiguration (transparent to users)
‣ transformer ratios
‣ compensators
‣ topological changes
B. modulation of power injections (affect users)
‣ production curtailment
‣ load modulation (demand side management)

Illustrative Example
!8
Time
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!8
Time
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P
P
P

!8
Time
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€

!8
Time
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P
P
P
€€€
€

!8
Time
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P
P
P
€€€
€
Solution A:
€
+
€€€
€€€€

!8
Time
100%
50%
0%
P
P
P
€€€
€
Solution A:
€
+
€€€
€€€€
Alternative?

!8
Time
100%
50%
0%
P
P
P
€€€
€
Solution A:
€
+
€€€
€€€€
?

!8
Time
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0%
P
P
P
€€€
€
Solution A:
€
+
€€€
€€€€
V€

｛
!8
Time
100%
50%
0%
P
P
P
€€€
€
Solution A:
€
+
€€€
€€€€
V€

｛
!8
Time
100%
50%
0%
€€€
€
Solution A:
€
+
€€€
€€€€
V€
P
P
P

｛
!8
Time
100%
50%
0%
€€€
Solution A:
€
+
€€€
€€€€
V€
P
P
P

｛
!8
Time
100%
50%
0%
Solution A:
€
+
€€€
€€€€
V€
P
P
P
€

｛
!8
Time
100%
50%
0%
Solution A:
€
+
€€€
€€€€
V€
P
P
P
€
V€ €
Solution B: + €€

Optimization problem
!9
min expected cost of operation
s.t. no insure operation situation
among scenarios

!9
among scenarios
Objective

!9
among scenarios
Objective ｛
Constraints

Because of the power flow equations and of the time-coupling nature
of the problem, it is very complex to solve and it cannot be addressed
by out-of-the-box software solutions.
!10

Because of the power flow equations and of the time-coupling nature
of the problem, it is very complex to solve and it cannot be addressed
by out-of-the-box software solutions.
!10
?

!11
Because of the complexity, we must use simplified versions of the
original problem, called relaxations.

!11
Because of the complexity, we must use simplified versions of the
original problem, called relaxations.
These last months, we focused on designing a relaxation that would
feature both:
• a good approximation of the original problem
• an acceptable computationally complexity

Current progress
Current state of the art GREDOR prototype
Approximation
quality
Computational
complexity
!12

Computational complexity
10000
100
GREDOR
benchmark
1.207
Standard
benchmark
82 111
254,7
38,7 40,7
!13
Time (s)
1
6 buses 9 buses 14 buses
Results for standard test networks with 8 periods and 9 decision stages.

Future work
!14
We are going focus on three main research axis:
•improve the design of the relaxation the solve the problem of
operational planning both faster and more accurately
•simulate the operational planning tool on some test networks of
RESA and ORES
•provide a quantification mean to evaluate the interaction
mechanisms designed in task 1

Operational Planning for Smart Distribution Grids

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