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THE WORLD
FOR GIRLS
2 | girleffect.org
3. Introduction
4. child marriage and early childbirth
10. age at first birth
15. ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT
19. EDUCATION
25. HEALTH AND SAFETY
30. sources
contents
2 | girleffect.org
3 | girleffect.org
introduction
We know girls are the key to changing the world. But sometimes people need
convincing. So let’s convince them.
Here are stats and sources you can take away and use in presentations and
campaigns to unleash the girl effect and empower girls to change their world.
3 | girleffect.org
CHILD MARRIAGE
AND EARLY
CHILDBIRTH
4 | girleffect.org
ONE IN SEVEN GIRLS
IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD*
WILL BE MARRIED BEFORE
THE AGE OF 15
1 	
Source 1.1
* Excluding China
5 | girleffect.org
approximately
19 teenage
girls are
married
every minute.
that’s 10
million a yearSource 1.2
0
19 38 57
76
95
190
285
2 	
6 | girleffect.org
Child brides have
twice the pregnancy
death rate
of women in
their 20s
Source 1.3
WOMEN
IN THEIR
20s
CHILD
BRIDEs
3 	
7 | girleffect.org
it is estimated
that one-third
of girls in the
developing
world will be
married before
the age of 18Source 1.4
4 	
8 | girleffect.org
Girls from
poor families
are nearly
twice as likely
to marry
before 18 than
girls from
wealthier
families
Source 1.5
RICH
GIRLS
poor
GIRLS
5 	
9 | girleffect.org
age at
first birth
10 | girleffect.org
Half of all
first births in
the developing
world are to
adolescent girls
1 	
Source 2.1
women
ADOLESCENT
GIRLS
11 | girleffect.org
Medical complications
from pregnancy
and childbirth are the
leading cause of death
among girls ageD
15-19 worldwide
2 	
Source 2.2
12 | girleffect.org
Girls between
the ages of
10 and 14 are
five times more
likely to die in
pregnancy or
childbirth
than women
aged 20 to 24
3 	
Source 2.3
women AGEd
20 - 24
girls AGEd
10 - 14
13 | girleffect.org
The infant of a
mother under 18
has a 60% greater
risk of dying
in its first year
than the infant
of a mother
over 19
4 	
Source 2.4
risk of death
infant
of mother
over 19
infant
of mother
under 18
14 | girleffect.org
economic
empowerment	
15 | girleffect.org
Closing the joblessness
gap between girls and
their male counterparts
would yield an increase
in GDP of up to 1.2%
in a single year
1 	
Source 3.1
+1.2%
gdp
16 | girleffect.org
An extra year of primary
school education boosts
girls’ eventual wages by
10–20%. An extra year of
secondary school adds
15–25%
2 	
Source 3.2
17 | girleffect.org
Giving women the same
access to non-land
resources and services
as men could reduce
the number of hungry
people in the world by
100-150 million
3 	
Source 3.3
18 | girleffect.org
education
19 | girleffect.org
When a girl in the
developing world
receives seven years of
education, she marries
four years later and has
2.2 fewer children
1 	
Source 4.1
20 | girleffect.org
Secondary school
completion rates
for adolescent
girls are below 5%
in 19 sub-Saharan
African countries
2 	
Source 4.2
SCHOOL
COMPLETION
rate (%)
5%
21 | girleffect.org
In sub-Saharan
Africa, fewer than one
in five girls make it
to secondary school
3 	
Source 4.3
22 | girleffect.org
4 	
Source 4.4
Girls who stay in school during adolescence…
… than their age peers who are out of school
have a later sexual debut
are less likely to be
subjected to forced sex
If sexually active,
are more likely to use
contraception
23 | girleffect.org
householdchoresover28hours
school
attendance (%)On average,
reducing girls’
household chore
burden, from 28
hours or more a
week to less than
14 hours, increases
school attendance
from 70% to 90%
householdchoresunder14hours
5 	
Source 4.5
24 | girleffect.org
HEALTH AND SAFETY
25 | girleffect.org
Worldwide, nearly 50%
of all sexual assaults
are against girls aged
15 years or younger
1 	
Source 5.1
26 | girleffect.org
Among those whose
first experience of
sexual intercourse
was forced, 31%
were less than 15
years old at the
time. Another
14% were aged
between 15 and 17
2 	
Source 5.2
15-17
YEars
old
UNDER 
15
18 AND
OVER
27 | girleffect.org
Worldwide, More
than 60% of
young people
living with HIV
are girls, a total
of 3.2 million
3 	
Source 5.3
60%
28 | girleffect.org
Each year, an estimated
three million girls
experience genital
mutilation or cutting
4 	
Source 5.4
3,000,000 girls
29 | girleffect.org
CHILD MARRIAGE
	 1.1 ‘Supporting Married Girls: Calling Attention to a Neglected Group’, Population
Council 2007, http://www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/TABriefs/GFD_Brief-3_
MarriedGirls.pdf
	 1.2 ‘The State of the World’s Children 2007’, UNICEF 2007 pp.4, 12. Retrieved
25 March 2011 from http://www.unicef.org/sowc07/docs/sowc07.pdf>. www.
girlsnotbrides.org
	 1.3 Bruce, Judith. Reaching The Girls Left Behind: Targeting Adolescent
Programming for Equity, Social Inclusion, Health, and Poverty Alleviation.
Prepared for: ‘Financing Gender Equality; a Commonwealth Perspective,’
Commonwealth Women’s Affairs Ministers’ Meeting, Uganda, June 2007, http://
www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/Bruce2007CommonwealthFullText.pdf
	 1.4 ‘The State of the World’s Children 2011’, UNICEF 2010. Retrieved Aug 29
2012 from http://www.unicef.org.uk/Documents/Publication-pdfs/sowc2011.
pdf
	 1.5 ICRW 2007 – Knot Ready, p9. Accessed on Aug 30 2012, http://www.icrw.
org/files/publications/Knot-Ready-Lessons-from-India-on-Delaying-Marriage-
for-Girls.pdf
	 age at first BIRTH
	 2.1 Bruce, Judith. Reaching The Girls Left Behind: Targeting Adolescent
Programming for Equity, Social Inclusion, Health, and Poverty Alleviation.
Prepared for: ‘Financing Gender Equality; a Commonwealth Perspective,’
Commonwealth Women’s Affairs Ministers’ Meeting, Uganda, June 2007, http://
www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/Bruce2007_Commonwealth_FullText.pdf
	 2.2 Source: Patton, G.C., et al. “Global Patterns of Mortality in Young People.”
The Lancet 374.9693 (2009): 881-892. Retrieved from http://download.
thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140673609607418.pdf?id=e1624139
8b8eb460:61453979:12f087a24d6:-14711301520582196
	 2.3 ‘Fact Sheets: Young People’, UNFPA. Retrieved 28 March 2011 from http://
www.unfpa.org/public/factsheets
	 2.4 ‘Why is giving special attention to adolescents important for achieving
Millennium Development Goal 5?’, World Health Organization 2008. Retrieved 28
March 2011 from http://www.who.int/making_pregnancy_safer/events/2008/
mdg5/adolescent_preg.pdf
	 ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT
	 3.1 Source: Chaaban, Jad and Wendy Cunningham. ‘Measuring the Economic
Gain of Investing in Girls: the girl effect dividend’, World Bank 2011, http://econ.
worldbank.org/external/default/main?entityID=000158349_20110808092702
&pagePK=64165259
	 3.2 Psacharopoulos, George, and Harry Anthony Patrinos. ‘Returns to
Investment in Education: A Further Update’, World Bank. Education Economics
(2002) 12.2: (111-34). Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/
EDUCATION/Resources/278200-1099079877269/
547664-1099079934475/547667-1135281504040/Returns_Investment_Edu.
pdf
	 3.3 Chaaban, Jad and Wendy Cunningham. ‘Measuring the Economic Gain
of Investing in Girls: the girl effect dividend’, World Bank 2011, http://econ.
worldbank.org/external/default/main?entityID=000158349_20110808092702
&pagePK=64165259
	 EDUCATION
	 4.1 Levine, Ruth, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Margaret Greene, and Caren Grown. Girls
Count a Global Investment & Action Agenda: A Girls Count Report on Adolescent
Girls’, Center for Global Development. Girls Count, 2009, http://www.cgdev.org/
files/15154_file_GC_2009_Final_web.pdf
	 4.2 Lloyd, Cynthia and Juliet Young. ‘New Lessons: The Power of Educating
Adolescent Girls’. Population Council 2009 pp. 23. Retrieved 25 March 2011 from
http://www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/2009PGY_NewLessons.pdf
	 4.3 Rihani, May. ‘Keeping the Promise: Five Benefits of Girls’ Secondary
Education’, Academy for Educational Development: Center for Gender Equity
2006. Retrieved from http://www.aed.org/Publications/upload/Girls-Ed-Final.
pdf
	 4.4 Levine, Ruth, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Margaret Greene, and Caren Grown. Girls
Count a Global Investment & Action Agenda: A Girls Count Report on Adolescent
Girls. Center for Global Development. Girls Count, 2009, http://www.cgdev.org/
files/15154_file_GC_2009_Final_web.pdf
	 4.5 ‘The World’s Women 2010: Trends and Statistics’, The United Nations
Statistics Division 2010. Retrieved from http://unstats.un.org/unsd/
demographic/products/Worldswomen/WW2010pub.htm
	 HEALTH and SAFETY
	 5.1 Garcia-Moreno, Claudia; Jansen, Henrica; Ellsberg, Mary; Lori Heise and
Charlotte Watts. ‘Multi-Country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence
Against Women’. World Health Organization 2005. Retrieved from http://
whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2005/924159358X_eng.pdf
	 5.2 ‘WHO Multi-country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence
against Women’, World Health Organization 2005. Retrieved from http://
www.who.int/gender/violence/who_multicountry_study/summary_report/
summary_report_English2.pdf
	 5.3 ‘Progress for Children: Achieving the MDGs with equity’. UNICEF 2010 pp.
30. Retrieved 29 March 2011 from http://www.unicef.org/immunization/files/
Progress_for_Children-No.9_EN_081710.pdf
	 5.4 ‘Women’s and Children’s Rights: Making the Connection’. UNFPA, UNICEF
2010 pp. 53. Retrieved 17 March 2011 from http://www.unfpa.org/webdav/site/
global/shared/documents/publications/2011/Women-Children_final.pdf
SOURCES
30 | girleffect.org
ADOLESCENT GIRLS HAVE THE
POWER TO END WORLD POVERTY.
WE CALL IT THE GIRL EFFECT.
GET INSPIRATION AND TOOLS
TO UNLEASH THE GIRL EFFECT AT
GIRLEFFECT.ORG
31 | girleffect.org

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The world for girls

  • 2. 2 | girleffect.org 3. Introduction 4. child marriage and early childbirth 10. age at first birth 15. ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT 19. EDUCATION 25. HEALTH AND SAFETY 30. sources contents 2 | girleffect.org
  • 3. 3 | girleffect.org introduction We know girls are the key to changing the world. But sometimes people need convincing. So let’s convince them. Here are stats and sources you can take away and use in presentations and campaigns to unleash the girl effect and empower girls to change their world. 3 | girleffect.org
  • 5. ONE IN SEVEN GIRLS IN THE DEVELOPING WORLD* WILL BE MARRIED BEFORE THE AGE OF 15 1 Source 1.1 * Excluding China 5 | girleffect.org
  • 6. approximately 19 teenage girls are married every minute. that’s 10 million a yearSource 1.2 0 19 38 57 76 95 190 285 2 6 | girleffect.org
  • 7. Child brides have twice the pregnancy death rate of women in their 20s Source 1.3 WOMEN IN THEIR 20s CHILD BRIDEs 3 7 | girleffect.org
  • 8. it is estimated that one-third of girls in the developing world will be married before the age of 18Source 1.4 4 8 | girleffect.org
  • 9. Girls from poor families are nearly twice as likely to marry before 18 than girls from wealthier families Source 1.5 RICH GIRLS poor GIRLS 5 9 | girleffect.org
  • 10. age at first birth 10 | girleffect.org
  • 11. Half of all first births in the developing world are to adolescent girls 1 Source 2.1 women ADOLESCENT GIRLS 11 | girleffect.org
  • 12. Medical complications from pregnancy and childbirth are the leading cause of death among girls ageD 15-19 worldwide 2 Source 2.2 12 | girleffect.org
  • 13. Girls between the ages of 10 and 14 are five times more likely to die in pregnancy or childbirth than women aged 20 to 24 3 Source 2.3 women AGEd 20 - 24 girls AGEd 10 - 14 13 | girleffect.org
  • 14. The infant of a mother under 18 has a 60% greater risk of dying in its first year than the infant of a mother over 19 4 Source 2.4 risk of death infant of mother over 19 infant of mother under 18 14 | girleffect.org
  • 16. Closing the joblessness gap between girls and their male counterparts would yield an increase in GDP of up to 1.2% in a single year 1 Source 3.1 +1.2% gdp 16 | girleffect.org
  • 17. An extra year of primary school education boosts girls’ eventual wages by 10–20%. An extra year of secondary school adds 15–25% 2 Source 3.2 17 | girleffect.org
  • 18. Giving women the same access to non-land resources and services as men could reduce the number of hungry people in the world by 100-150 million 3 Source 3.3 18 | girleffect.org
  • 20. When a girl in the developing world receives seven years of education, she marries four years later and has 2.2 fewer children 1 Source 4.1 20 | girleffect.org
  • 21. Secondary school completion rates for adolescent girls are below 5% in 19 sub-Saharan African countries 2 Source 4.2 SCHOOL COMPLETION rate (%) 5% 21 | girleffect.org
  • 22. In sub-Saharan Africa, fewer than one in five girls make it to secondary school 3 Source 4.3 22 | girleffect.org
  • 23. 4 Source 4.4 Girls who stay in school during adolescence… … than their age peers who are out of school have a later sexual debut are less likely to be subjected to forced sex If sexually active, are more likely to use contraception 23 | girleffect.org
  • 24. householdchoresover28hours school attendance (%)On average, reducing girls’ household chore burden, from 28 hours or more a week to less than 14 hours, increases school attendance from 70% to 90% householdchoresunder14hours 5 Source 4.5 24 | girleffect.org
  • 25. HEALTH AND SAFETY 25 | girleffect.org
  • 26. Worldwide, nearly 50% of all sexual assaults are against girls aged 15 years or younger 1 Source 5.1 26 | girleffect.org
  • 27. Among those whose first experience of sexual intercourse was forced, 31% were less than 15 years old at the time. Another 14% were aged between 15 and 17 2 Source 5.2 15-17 YEars old UNDER  15 18 AND OVER 27 | girleffect.org
  • 28. Worldwide, More than 60% of young people living with HIV are girls, a total of 3.2 million 3 Source 5.3 60% 28 | girleffect.org
  • 29. Each year, an estimated three million girls experience genital mutilation or cutting 4 Source 5.4 3,000,000 girls 29 | girleffect.org
  • 30. CHILD MARRIAGE 1.1 ‘Supporting Married Girls: Calling Attention to a Neglected Group’, Population Council 2007, http://www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/TABriefs/GFD_Brief-3_ MarriedGirls.pdf 1.2 ‘The State of the World’s Children 2007’, UNICEF 2007 pp.4, 12. Retrieved 25 March 2011 from http://www.unicef.org/sowc07/docs/sowc07.pdf>. www. girlsnotbrides.org 1.3 Bruce, Judith. Reaching The Girls Left Behind: Targeting Adolescent Programming for Equity, Social Inclusion, Health, and Poverty Alleviation. Prepared for: ‘Financing Gender Equality; a Commonwealth Perspective,’ Commonwealth Women’s Affairs Ministers’ Meeting, Uganda, June 2007, http:// www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/Bruce2007CommonwealthFullText.pdf 1.4 ‘The State of the World’s Children 2011’, UNICEF 2010. Retrieved Aug 29 2012 from http://www.unicef.org.uk/Documents/Publication-pdfs/sowc2011. pdf 1.5 ICRW 2007 – Knot Ready, p9. Accessed on Aug 30 2012, http://www.icrw. org/files/publications/Knot-Ready-Lessons-from-India-on-Delaying-Marriage- for-Girls.pdf age at first BIRTH 2.1 Bruce, Judith. Reaching The Girls Left Behind: Targeting Adolescent Programming for Equity, Social Inclusion, Health, and Poverty Alleviation. Prepared for: ‘Financing Gender Equality; a Commonwealth Perspective,’ Commonwealth Women’s Affairs Ministers’ Meeting, Uganda, June 2007, http:// www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/Bruce2007_Commonwealth_FullText.pdf 2.2 Source: Patton, G.C., et al. “Global Patterns of Mortality in Young People.” The Lancet 374.9693 (2009): 881-892. Retrieved from http://download. thelancet.com/pdfs/journals/lancet/PIIS0140673609607418.pdf?id=e1624139 8b8eb460:61453979:12f087a24d6:-14711301520582196 2.3 ‘Fact Sheets: Young People’, UNFPA. Retrieved 28 March 2011 from http:// www.unfpa.org/public/factsheets 2.4 ‘Why is giving special attention to adolescents important for achieving Millennium Development Goal 5?’, World Health Organization 2008. Retrieved 28 March 2011 from http://www.who.int/making_pregnancy_safer/events/2008/ mdg5/adolescent_preg.pdf ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT 3.1 Source: Chaaban, Jad and Wendy Cunningham. ‘Measuring the Economic Gain of Investing in Girls: the girl effect dividend’, World Bank 2011, http://econ. worldbank.org/external/default/main?entityID=000158349_20110808092702 &pagePK=64165259 3.2 Psacharopoulos, George, and Harry Anthony Patrinos. ‘Returns to Investment in Education: A Further Update’, World Bank. Education Economics (2002) 12.2: (111-34). Retrieved from http://siteresources.worldbank.org/ EDUCATION/Resources/278200-1099079877269/ 547664-1099079934475/547667-1135281504040/Returns_Investment_Edu. pdf 3.3 Chaaban, Jad and Wendy Cunningham. ‘Measuring the Economic Gain of Investing in Girls: the girl effect dividend’, World Bank 2011, http://econ. worldbank.org/external/default/main?entityID=000158349_20110808092702 &pagePK=64165259 EDUCATION 4.1 Levine, Ruth, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Margaret Greene, and Caren Grown. Girls Count a Global Investment & Action Agenda: A Girls Count Report on Adolescent Girls’, Center for Global Development. Girls Count, 2009, http://www.cgdev.org/ files/15154_file_GC_2009_Final_web.pdf 4.2 Lloyd, Cynthia and Juliet Young. ‘New Lessons: The Power of Educating Adolescent Girls’. Population Council 2009 pp. 23. Retrieved 25 March 2011 from http://www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/2009PGY_NewLessons.pdf 4.3 Rihani, May. ‘Keeping the Promise: Five Benefits of Girls’ Secondary Education’, Academy for Educational Development: Center for Gender Equity 2006. Retrieved from http://www.aed.org/Publications/upload/Girls-Ed-Final. pdf 4.4 Levine, Ruth, Cynthia B. Lloyd, Margaret Greene, and Caren Grown. Girls Count a Global Investment & Action Agenda: A Girls Count Report on Adolescent Girls. Center for Global Development. Girls Count, 2009, http://www.cgdev.org/ files/15154_file_GC_2009_Final_web.pdf 4.5 ‘The World’s Women 2010: Trends and Statistics’, The United Nations Statistics Division 2010. Retrieved from http://unstats.un.org/unsd/ demographic/products/Worldswomen/WW2010pub.htm HEALTH and SAFETY 5.1 Garcia-Moreno, Claudia; Jansen, Henrica; Ellsberg, Mary; Lori Heise and Charlotte Watts. ‘Multi-Country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence Against Women’. World Health Organization 2005. Retrieved from http:// whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2005/924159358X_eng.pdf 5.2 ‘WHO Multi-country Study on Women’s Health and Domestic Violence against Women’, World Health Organization 2005. Retrieved from http:// www.who.int/gender/violence/who_multicountry_study/summary_report/ summary_report_English2.pdf 5.3 ‘Progress for Children: Achieving the MDGs with equity’. UNICEF 2010 pp. 30. Retrieved 29 March 2011 from http://www.unicef.org/immunization/files/ Progress_for_Children-No.9_EN_081710.pdf 5.4 ‘Women’s and Children’s Rights: Making the Connection’. UNFPA, UNICEF 2010 pp. 53. Retrieved 17 March 2011 from http://www.unfpa.org/webdav/site/ global/shared/documents/publications/2011/Women-Children_final.pdf SOURCES 30 | girleffect.org
  • 31. ADOLESCENT GIRLS HAVE THE POWER TO END WORLD POVERTY. WE CALL IT THE GIRL EFFECT. GET INSPIRATION AND TOOLS TO UNLEASH THE GIRL EFFECT AT GIRLEFFECT.ORG 31 | girleffect.org