Apec workshop 2 presentation 3 c burton global status of ccs-ccus
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This document discusses carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies. It provides an overview of CCUS, the current global status, and why CCUS is seen as vital for meeting greenhouse gas reduction goals. It also summarizes the technology assessment, policy and market assessment, and understanding and acceptance assessment sections regarding CCUS deployment opportunities and challenges.
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Apec workshop 2 presentation 3 c burton global status of ccs-ccus
- 1. ELIZABETH BURTON GLOBAL CCS INSTITUTE Introduction to Capture, Use and Geologic Storage of CO2 October 13-14, 2014 DF CFE Technology Museum SUPPORTED BY:
- 2. What is CCS/CCUS? • Separating CO2 from power plant or industrial emissions • Compressing and transporting CO2 as a dense (supercritical phase) fluid to a storage or utilization site • Storing CO2 underground in rock formations • Utilizing CO2 in processes that provide long-term storage (EOR, building materials) SUPPORTED BY:
- 3. Global Status of CCS/CCUS • CCS-CCUS must be part of the technology mix used to reach 2050 GHG reduction goals • Progress to date is steadily increasing globally, but not fast enough • Like other large infrastructure projects, CCS-CCUS involves technological, societal, and political components • Knowledge sharing will be vital to increase the pace SUPPORTED BY:
- 4. CCS/CCUS IS VITAL SUPPORTED BY: Meeting GHG reduction goals depends on global CCUS CCS identified as an essential technology in limiting temperature increase to 2°C International Energy Agency Wide adoption of CCS part of the scenario that achieves 450 ppm atmospheric stabilization level for CO2 World Energy Council Availability of CCS is critical for producing 450 ppm Energy Modeling Forum 27 Study CCS is an important technology in the long run…deployment to drive down costs is desirable UK Committee on Climate Change Commercial demonstration of CCS essential for deployment in the 2030 timeframe European Commission CCS to be cost effective when transformational technologies emerge US Climate Action Report 2014
- 5. MEETING 2050 REDUCTION GOALS REQUIRES MANY LARGE-SCALE CCS/CCUS PROJECTS • 14 % of total emissions • 150 GT must stored total cumulatively • 3000 CCS projects by 2050 SUPPORTED BY:
- 6. CO2 CAPTURE CAPACITY BY ACTUAL OR EXPECTED YEAR OF OPERATION CCUS is a reality with 40 Mtpa of CO2 that can be captured by active projects SUPPORTED BY: 3 GT cumulative over 30 years
- 7. LARGE-SCALE CCS PROJECTS BY PROJECT LIFECYCLE AND YEAR 22 projects in operation or under construction – 8 more than in 2011 SUPPORTED BY:
- 8. Large-scale CCS projects in key markets by project lifecycle North America continues to dominate the projects landscape; China increasing in importance; project progress has stalled in Europe SUPPORTED BY:
- 9. LARGE-SCALE CCS PROJECTS PROCEEDING TO ‘OPERATE’ AND ‘EXECUTE’ SINCE 2011 Majority of projects in operation, construction or close to FID use or intend to use CO2 for EOR SUPPORTED BY:
- 10. LARGE-SCALE CCUS PROJECTS PROCEEDING TO ‘OPERATE’ AND ‘EXECUTE’ SINCE 2011 Century Plant Coffeyville Kemper Uthmaniyah FutureGen 2.0 Sinop… Chemical production Iron and steel production Syngas Fertiliser production Oil refining Natural gas processing CCUS projects in the power and industrial sectors and projects utilising dedicated geologic storage options SUPPORTED BY: becoming more important Air Products Enid Fertilizer Great … Lost Cabin Lula Shute Creek Sleipner In Salah* Snøhvit Val Verde ACTL Agrium ACTL Sturgeon Boundary Dam Abu Dhabi Gorgon Illinois Industrial Quest Don Valley HECA Lake Charles TCEP Medicine Bow Petra Nova PetroChina Jilin ROAD Sinopec Qilu Spectra Yanchang 2015 EOR Dedicated Geological Power generation Hydrogen production = 1Mtpa of CO2 (areas of circle are proportional to capacity) Coal-to-liquids Pre-2014 2014 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 * Injection currently suspended
- 11. BOUNDARY DAM CCUS OPENING IS AN IMPORTANT MILESTONE SUPPORTED BY:
- 12. DEPLOYMENT OF CCUS REQUIRES 3 ELEMENTS ‘We…are convinced that the research and development, demonstration and global deployment of {CCS} must be accelerated… We are committed to taking necessary actions internationally and collaboratively to promote the further development and deployment of CCS.’ Carbon Sequestration Leadership Forum, extract from the Communique following the 5th Meeting of the CSLF Ministers, November 2013 SUPPORTED BY: TECHNOLOGY UNDERSTANDING AND ACCEPTANCE POLICY AND MARKETS Business case for CCUS Government The business case requires collaboration among researchers /educators, government, and industry
- 13. TECHNOLOGY SUPPORTED BY: ASSESSMENT Individual components are well understood and many are technically mature. Safe storage demonstrated by projects for over a decade and by EOR for 40 years. Pilot and larger scale test facilities contribute to integrated systems confidence. OPPORTUNITIES Improvements in deployment of capture systems Novel capture methods—membranes, chilled ammonia, Operations parameter optimization New build/retrofits—pre-, post-, and oxy-combustion Reducing uncertainty in subsurface storage Remediation and mitigation of leakage risk Confidence of storage permanence in saline formations and EOR Energy infrastructure analysis to optimize policy and public/private investment CCUS among other methods of GHG reduction to assure energy sustainability and reliability Optimization of pipeline networks to connect capture and storage sites Enabling renewables through flexible/rampable fossil power with CCUS Knowledge sharing increases pace from first-in-kind to Nth
- 14. POLICY AND MARKETS ASSESSMENT International policy discussions consistently acknowledge importance of CCUS National climate and energy policies often do not provide long term clarity to support a business case. CCUS is often not treated equivalently to other low carbon technologies. Existing CCUS funding programs for technology R&D mostly exhausted in the U.S., Canada and Europe. OPPORTUNITIES Enable CCUS explicitly as a GHG reduction technology in climate policy Re-assess existing policy and regulatory effects on the business case Include CCUS in clean energy and low-carbon roadmaps and investment mechanisms. Increase pace of capacity development through international knowledge-sharing dialogues Knowledge sharing increases pace from first-in-kind to Nth SUPPORTED BY:
- 15. UNDERSTANDING AND ACCEPTANCE ASSESSMENT Global awareness and understanding of CCS/CCUS is low. Perception as experimental Associated with fossil fuel instead of low-carbon energy. Importance of fossil fuel infrastructure to energy reliability is not recognized Building stakeholder relationships is critical to project success. Local focus on risks and economic benefits Regional, national, and international recognition but poor understanding OPPORTUNITIES Increase understanding and acceptance through “advertising” successful projects Establish best practices to assure a safe CCUS industry Encourage public advocacy of CCUS. Improve access to education materials and experts. Knowledge sharing increases pace from first-in-kind to Nth SUPPORTED BY:
- 16. SUPPORTED BY: Thank You
Notes de l'éditeur
- I like to start off just by mentioning how important CCS is seen as a key mitigation technology by all of these bodies. EC is from “Policy Framework for Climate and Energy in the period from 2020 to 2030”. January 2014 IEA is from World Energy Outlook 2013, November 2013 UK Committee on Climate Change is an independent statutory body established under the Climate Change Act (2008) to advise UK government on setting and meeting carbon budgets, comments are from Part 2 of the Fourth Carbon Budget Review report December 2013 WEC scenarios released in October 2013 On January 1, 2014, the Department of State submitted the 2014 U.S. Climate Action Report to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
- I like to start off just by mentioning how important CCS is seen as a key mitigation technology by all of these bodies. EC is from “Policy Framework for Climate and Energy in the period from 2020 to 2030”. January 2014 IEA is from World Energy Outlook 2013, November 2013 UK Committee on Climate Change is an independent statutory body established under the Climate Change Act (2008) to advise UK government on setting and meeting carbon budgets, comments are from Part 2 of the Fourth Carbon Budget Review report December 2013 WEC scenarios released in October 2013 On January 1, 2014, the Department of State submitted the 2014 U.S. Climate Action Report to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
- I like to start off just by mentioning how important CCS is seen as a key mitigation technology by all of these bodies. EC is from “Policy Framework for Climate and Energy in the period from 2020 to 2030”. January 2014 IEA is from World Energy Outlook 2013, November 2013 UK Committee on Climate Change is an independent statutory body established under the Climate Change Act (2008) to advise UK government on setting and meeting carbon budgets, comments are from Part 2 of the Fourth Carbon Budget Review report December 2013 WEC scenarios released in October 2013 On January 1, 2014, the Department of State submitted the 2014 U.S. Climate Action Report to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).
- There are 22 projects in operation or under construction, with 34 projects in development 2/3 of the 22 active projects are in North America . The US has 9 projects and Canada has 5- I will talk a bit more about this later.
- Those 22 projects = 40 MM tonnes/yr CO2 removal, which is equivalent to eliminating emissions from 8 million cars. Most of these CCS projects are in industrial processes where separating CO2 out is inherent to the process There are no CCS-power plants operating yet - 2 scheduled to come on line 2014- BD and Kemper – which I will talk about a little bit later on
- There are 22 projects in operation or under construction, with 34 projects in development 2/3 of the 22 active projects are in North America . The US has 9 projects and Canada has 5- I will talk a bit more about this later.
- US has projects moving into operation Canada has a strong position of projects in execution, coming on stream in 2014-16 China has progressed projects with at least 2 being in a position to consider a FID in 2014 The UK, even though project progress has not been as fast as first envisaged, maintains a healthy project balance Mainland Europe has seen a sharp reduction in projects – a key impact has been the sharp fall in the carbon price since EEPR projects announced. ROAD is the most advanced project in Europe and is seeking options to reduce the ‘financial gap’
- It is important to Note that most of the operational projects are CO2-EOR and for processes where CO2 separation is part of the production process or in processes resulting in high concentrations for capture.
- I really like this slide as it shows the amount of CO2 the project will capture, what type of project it is and when it should be online. Projects in construction include Quest (Canada), Boundary Dam (Canada), Petra Nova (US), Kemper County (US), Illinois Industrial CCS (US), Emirates Steel Industries (Abu Dhabi), Gorgon (Australia) and Uthmaniyah (Saudi Arabia) Projects that could take FID during 2014 include The Texxas Clean Energy project- which Saha here will talk to us in detail about tomorrow, Lake Charles and Sargas Texas Point Comfort (US), Yanchang and Sinopec Qilu (China) and ROAD (Holland)
- Lignite power plant unit Cansolv amine capture process CO2 pipelined for EOR Strong support from federal and provincial governments
- CSLF Communique is dated 7 November 2013, Ministerial was held in Washington DC.
- CCS is NOT an unproven or experimental technology – as many opponents assert Has a long history in certain applications – have 9 operational projects (though mainly in gas processing) Plus we have learnt a lot from R&D and pilot test plants across the globe over the last decade Critical that a successful global CCS demonstration effort is undertaken in new applications (e.g. power) to solidify CCS as an environmentally friendly technology – cornerstone to deployment of CCS longer term And need to make sure storage sites are available – new sites can take 10 years or more to mature.
- CCS is acknowledged as important in international discussions But policy initiatives have not supported the scale of projects needed for CCS to play its part in climate change mitigation Must work on three key areas Strong commitments to action on climate change and market based mechanisms to attract private financing – incentivize longer term deployment . (Post Kyoto 2020 agreement is critical.) Boost short–term financial support – incentivize the immediate demonstration effort Remove remaining key regulatory impediments (e.g. post closure issues) It is important the CCS is not disadvantaged compared to other low-carbon technologies The Institute works globally on capacity development, working together with the World Bank, APEC, the ADB & CLSF. But we also have our own dedicated capacity development programmes, and for example, here in the Americas region we are working with stakeholders in Mexico, Trinidad & Tobago, Brazil & Venezuela.
- Public attitudes towards CCS are an important factor Research shows varying degrees of understanding and acceptance of CCS by the public across countries – generally low (few exceptions, e.g. Alberta, Canada) Some projects have faced strong public opposition – often (but not always) linked to onshore storage Projects have improved efforts at public engagement, there are more support materials and best practice knowledge sharing is occurring Broader communication on benefits of CCS in moving to a low-carbon economy is needed – role for all of us, important advocacy activity for the Institute.