Mumps is a contagious viral infection that causes swelling of the salivary glands, usually the parotid glands. It has an incubation period of 2-3 weeks and patients are contagious from 1 day before symptoms to 9 days after. Common symptoms include fever, headache, and pain or swelling of the parotid glands. Complications can include orchitis, pancreatitis, meningitis, and deafness. Diagnosis is usually made clinically but can be confirmed by virus isolation or serologic tests. Treatment is supportive and focuses on pain management and hydration. Vaccination provides the best prevention against mumps infection and its complications.

1. Guided by: Dr. Alpesh Patel
Dr. Uday Patel
Prepared by: Foram Kamani
Shefali Kantaria
Parth Karavadia
(EPIDEMIC PARATITIS)

2.  Mumps is an acute contagious viral
infection (family Paramyxovirus, genus
Rubulavirus) characterized by unilateral
or bilateral swelling of salivary gland,
usually the parotid.
 Submaxillary and sublingual glands are
involved, but without parotid
involvement also.
 It may involved nerve meninges,
pancreas and gonads.

3.  It is usually disease of childhood,
mumps may also affect adults and in
such cases there is a greater
tendency for complication to
develop.
 Incubation Period: 2 to 3 weeks
 Patient are contagious from 1 day
before the clinical appearance of
infection to 14 days after its clinical
resolution.

4.  This disease is preceded by the onset of
headache, chills, moderate fever, vomiting
and pain below the ear.
 Salivary g land involvement produces pain
upon the mastication.
 Bilateral parotid involvement occurs in about
70% of cases.
 Parotid enlargement and swelling reaches its
maximum in about 3 days.
 The involvement of submandibular and parotid
gland may be seen.


5.  The incubation period varies from 14-
18 days with the extreme of one to
four weeks.
 It is transmitted by the respiratory
route.
 It can be isolated from the saliva of
the infected patient either 7 days
before the onset of parotitis or 9 days
after its onset.

6.  Most cases were unrecognized
because of the absence of the
parotid swelling.
 As the disease is contagious before
onset of parotitis, isolation of patient is
not possible to prevent the infection.
 Once infected, patients develop a
lifelong immunity against the disease
but recurrence is also reported.

7.  There are characterized by
enlargement of one or more salivary
glands that are not related
etiologically to epidemic parotitis, or
true mumps.
 This may produce difficulty in
diagnosis and differential separation
from true mumps of viral origin.

8.  These include:
 chronic nonspecific sialadenitis,
 nutritional mumps
 acute postoperative parotitis
 chemical mumps
 miscellaneous

9.  It is insidious inflammatory disease of
major salivary glands.
 It is most common in adults,particularly
in males.
 It is caused by occurrence of salivary
duct calculi with subsequent pyogenic
bacterial infection.

10.  It is retrograde infection of parotid
gland by microorganisms ascending
the parotid duct.
 The patient suffering from dehydration
,suppression of salivary secretion,
vomiting and mouth breathing.
 It is seen in adults, middle age or older.

11.  It is a chronic, asymptomatic, bilateral
enlargement of parotid and
submandibular gland.
 It is most common in young and
middle aged adults.

12.  It is a bilateral swelling of salivary glands
occassionaly accompanies the
administration of either inorganic or
organic iodine, and this has frequently
been referred to as ‘iodine mumps’
 Salivary glands increase five times their
normal size within 17 days after the
initiation of drug administration.
 The glandular enlargement is due to
true hypertrophy of acinar cells.

13.  Swollen parotid glands include diffuse
intersitial edema and an inflammatory
infiltrate composed of histocytes,
lymphocytes, and plasma cell.
 This infilterate may compress the acini
and ducts, and the exudate may
also spill into the epithelial layer.
 Other organ may be affected the
salivary gland are swollen or not.

14.  Once transmitted through droplet
nuclei or saliva or fomites, it starts
replicating in the respiratory
epithelium.
 It spreads to local lymph nodes and
subsequently develop viremia.
 The affected area shows perivascular
and interstitial mononuclear cell
infiltrates with edema.

15.  Necrosis of acinar and epithelial ducts
cells are seen in salivary glands and
in the germinal epithelium of
seminiferous tubules.

16.  It should be differentiated from other
parotid swelling caused by influenza,
parainfluenza.1 and 3, coxsackie, HIV,
and cytomegalovirus, Sjogren`s
syndrome, pleomorphic adenoma, etc

17.  The diagnosis of mumps can be made
easily from the clinical presentation
when the infection is occurring in an
epidemic fashion.
 Virus can be isolated from saliva and
throat swabs two days before or seven
days after the onset of parotitis and
from CSF.
 It can also be confirmed by the
complement fixation test
hemagglutination inhibition or ELISA.

18.  Serum amylase is elevated in both
parotitis and pancreatitis.

19.  Other organs of the body may be
affected as a complication of the
disease.
 These include the testes, ovaries,
pancreas, mammary gland, and
occasionally the prostate, epididymis
and heart.
 When mumps involved the adult male,
orchitis is a great danger and ensues in
approximately 20% of case.

20.  This is usually unilateral, but
occasionally complete sterility results.
 The involvement of the pancreas
producing an acute pancreatitis often
causes an elevation in serum lipase.
 Meningoencephalitis, deafness, and
mastoiditis are also complication.
 Rare complication like nerve deafness,
facial paralysis cerebral ataxia, and
encephalitis have also been reported.

21.  When occurs in the trimester of
pregnancy it results in abortion.

22.  An overall prognosis is good in
uncomplication cases.
 Death occurs due to CNS or cardiac
involvement.

23.  Treatment is conservative ,
maintaining hydration and
alimentation .
 Treatment of mumps is palliative in
nature .
 Frequently nonaspirin analgesics and
antipyretics are administered.
 In an attempt to minimized orchitis,
bed rest is recommened for males
until the fever breaks.

24.  Avoidance of sour foods and drinks
helps to decrease the salivary gland
discomfort.
 As with measles and rubella, the best
results come from prior vaccination,
thereby preventing the infection.