1. GPR Ground Penetrating Radar or Ground Probing Radar

4. How GPR works

6. Conductivity variation as a function of porosity in sediments

7. Effect of water content on electrical conductivity

11. Dielectric constant variation as a function of porosity in sediments

12. Effect of water content on dielectric constant

13. Dielectric constants of some common materials AIR 1 SNOW 1-2 PVC 3 ASPHALT 3-5 FRESHWATER ICE 4 CONCRETE 4-11 (5) BEDROCK GRANITE 4-7 SANDSTONE 6 SHALE 5-15 LIMESTONE 4-8 BASALT 8-9 SOILS AND SEDIMENTS 4-30 FRESH AND SALTWATER 81

14. Geophysical Survey System Inc. (GSSI SIR-2)

15. GPR received signal and graphic profile display

16. Linescan Color Scale Display

17. Linescan Grey Scale Display

18. Wiggle Display

20. GPR image with a 400 MHz antenna of three underground storage tanks (UST, left), and UST being removed from ground (right).

21. underground utility mapping using GPR

22. GPR modelling for underground utility (pipes)

24. buried waste mapping Waste Pit Water Table Hydrocarbon Plume

25. lake bottom profiling using G PR

26. Stratigraphic study using G PR

27. effect of elevation changes on GPR data Original Data Corrected Data Surface 0 100ns

28. data respons model

29. graveyard mapping

30. Bridge Deck Inspection System with the Model 5100 - 1.5 GHz Antenna

31. bridge foundation study using GPR

32. Cipularang KM 91.6  Jakarta

33. Cipularang KM 91.6 Bandung 

34. Cipularang KM 91.6 Bandung 

36. Tunnel Liner Surveys

37. Tunnel Liner Surveys