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1. OLED TECHNOLOGY
Saurabh Jain
ECE- B
13620802810
Class No.- 94

2. INTRODUCTION

Uses organic light emitting diode(OLED).

Emerging Technology for displays in devices.

Main
principle
behind
OLED
technology
is
electroluminescence.

Offers brighter, thinner, high contrast, flexible
displays.

3. WHAT IS AN OLED?

OLEDs are solid state devices composed of thin
films of organic molecules that is 100 to 500
nanometres thick.

They emits light with the application of electricity.

They doesn’t require any backlight. i.e., they are
self emitting.

They are made from carbon and hydrogen.

4. HISTORY

The first OLED device was developed by Eastman
Kodak in 1987.

In
1996,
pioneer
produces
the
world’s
first
commercial PMOLED.

In 2000, many companies like Motorola, LG etc
developed various displays.

In 2001, Sony developed world’s largest fullcolor
OLED.

5. HISTORY (CONTD.)

In 2002, approximately 3.5 million passive matrix
OLED sub-displays were sold, and over 10 million
were sold in 2003.

In 2010 and 2011, many companies announced
AMOLED displays.

Many developments had take place in the year
2012.

6. FEATURES


Flexibility.
Emissive Technology.

Light weight and thin.

Low power consumption.

High contrast, brighter and perfect display from all
angles.

7. STRUCTURE OF OLED

Substrate.

Anode.

Organic layer.
-Conductive layer (Hole Transport Layer).
made up of polyaniline or metal-phthalocyanine.
-Emissive layer( Electron Transport Layer).
made up of polyfluorene or metal chelates.

Cathode.

8. STRUCTURE OF OLED(FIGURE)

9. OLED FABRICATION

Substrate preparation.

Device deposition

Deposit and pattern anode.

Pattern organic layers.

Vacuum deposit and pattern cathode.

Encapsulation.

Also involves making backplane.

10. OLED DEPOSITION

Organic layers can be applied to the substrate
using the following methods.
- Evaporation and shadow masking.
- Inkjet printing.
- Organic vapor phase deposition.

11. EVAPORATION AND SHADOW MASKING

12. INKJET PRINTING

13. WORKING PRINCIPLE

A voltage is applied across the anode and cathode.

Current flows from cathode to anode through the
organic layers.

Electrons flow to emissive layer from the cathode.

Electrons are removed from conductive layer
leaving holes.

Holes jump into emissive layer .

Electron and hole combine and light emitted.

14. WORKING PRINCIPLE(FIGURE)

15. OLED DEVICE OPERATION
Transparent
substrate
Anode
(ITO)
Conductive
layer
Emissive
layer
eˉ
LUMO
eˉ
LUMO
Light
HOMO
HOMO
h+
Cathode
h+
h+

16. TYPES OF OLED
Six types of OLEDs

Passive matrix OLED(PMOLED).

Active matrix OLED(AMOLED).

Transparent OLED(TOLED).

Top emitting OLED.

Flexible OLED(FOLED).

White OLED(WOLED).

17. PASSIVE MATRIX OLED

18. ACTIVE MATRIX OLED

19. TRANSPARENT OLED

20. TOP EMITTING OLED

21. FLEXIBLE OLED

22. OLED ADVANTAGES
 Thinner,
 Do
lighter and more flexible.
not require backlighting like LCDs.
 Can
be made to larger sizes.
 Large
fields of view, about 170 degrees.
 Faster
response time.
 Brighter.
 High
resolution, <5μm pixel size.

23. OLED DISADVANTAGES

Expensive.

Lifespan.

Water damage.

Colour balance issues .

24. OLED VS. LCD
OLED
Greater view angle.
 High contrast.
 Faster response time.
 Do
not
require
backlighting.
 Temperature(~50°C
–
80°C).

LCD
Limited view angle.
 Low contrast.
 Slow response time.
 Require backlighting.
 Temperature(~0°C100°C).


25. APPLICATIONS
Major applications of OLED technology are

OLED TV.

Mobile phones with OLED screens.

Rolltop Laptop.

26. OLED TV

27. MOBILE PHONES WITH OLED SCREEN

28. ROLLTOP LAPTOP

29. CONCLUSION

Organic Light Emitting Diodes are evolving as the
next generation displays.

As OLED display technology matures, it will be
better able to improve upon certain existing
limitations of LCD including

high power consumption

limited viewing angles

poor contrast ratios.

30. Thank You
Saurabh Jain
BPIT