Fish Traps In Alaska Final

FISH TRAPS IN ALASKA Before and after statehood By Robyn Schroeder

In the beginning… ,[object Object],Colt, S. (2002, February 15). Salmon Fish Traps in Alaska: An economic history perspective. Retrieved April 2007, from Alaskool: http://www.alaskool.org/projects/traditionalife/fishtrap/FISHTRAP.htm Anderson, E. (n.d.). School Begins on the Banks of the Kuskokwim . Retrieved April 2007, from Alaska Department of Fish and Game: http://www.wc.adfg.state.ak.us/index.cfm?adfg=wildlife_news.view_article&issue_id=22&articles_id=112 Some Alaska native cultures and lives in many ways revolved around the rivers, streams and salmon within. The salmon and catching techniques allowed for plentiful nutrition throughout much of the year since Salmon could be caught and smoked on the banks of the streams. The availability of this food source and the efficiency of the catching systems used is by many thought to have helped create the “available time” many peoples had to develop extensive creative artwork and cultural pursuits.

As Russians and other settlers moved in….. ,[object Object],Colt, S. (2002, February 15). Salmon Fish Traps in Alaska: An economic history perspective. Retrieved April 2007, from Alaskool: http://www.alaskool.org/projects/traditionalife/fishtrap/FISHTRAP.htm

Then the canneries moved in… ,[object Object],Colt, S. (2002, February 15). Salmon Fish Traps in Alaska: An economic history perspective. Retrieved April 2007, from Alaskool: http://www.alaskool.org/projects/traditionalife/fishtrap/FISHTRAP.html

These canneries employed the FISH TRAP ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Colt, S. (2002, February 15). Salmon Fish Traps in Alaska: An economic history perspective. Retrieved April 2007, from Alaskool: http://www.alaskool.org/projects/traditionalife/fishtrap/FISHTRAP.htm Alaska State Government . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from NetState: http://www.netstate.com/states/government/images/ak_klawak_1927l.jpg

Modern Fish Traps…. ,[object Object],[object Object],Salmon Fisheries in Alaska . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from Alaska Department of Fish and Game: http://www.cf.adfg.state.ak.us/geninfo/finfish/salmon/salmhome.php Colt, S. (2002, February 15). Salmon Fish Traps in Alaska: An economic history perspective. Retrieved April 2007, from Alaskool: http://www.alaskool.org/projects/traditionalife/fishtrap/FISHTRAP.htm

A fish trap proponent once explained them like this: ,[object Object],As quoted in: Colt, S. (2002, February 15). Salmon Fish Traps in Alaska: An economic history perspective. Retrieved April 2007, from Alaskool: http://www.alaskool.org/projects/traditionalife/fishtrap/FISHTRAP.htm Example of a modern fish trap

Fish Traps were also a contentious issue because… ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Colt, S. (2002, February 15). Salmon Fish Traps in Alaska: An economic history perspective. Retrieved April 2007, from Alaskool: http://www.alaskool.org/projects/traditionalife/fishtrap/FISHTRAP.htm

But perhaps most importantly, fish traps were an explosive issue because of ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Colt, S. (2002, February 15). Salmon Fish Traps in Alaska: An economic history perspective. Retrieved April 2007, from Alaskool: http://www.alaskool.org/projects/traditionalife/fishtrap/FISHTRAP.htm Governing Alaska: Federal influence in the territory . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from Alaska History and Cultural Studies: http://www.akhistorycourse.org/articles/article.php?artID=137

So to summarize… ,[object Object],[object Object]

Alaska Natives Weigh In ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Governing Alaska: Federal influence in the territory . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from Alaska History and Cultural Studies: http://www.akhistorycourse.org/articles/article.php?artID=137 Colt, S. (2002, February 15). Salmon Fish Traps in Alaska: An economic history perspective. Retrieved April 2007, from Alaskool: http://www.alaskool.org/projects/traditionalife/fishtrap/FISHTRAP.htm

WITH THESE DEVELOPMENTS, IT IS NO SURPRISE THE ALASKA NATIVES, AS REPRESENTED BY THE ALASKA NATIVE BROTHERHOOD, TOOK THE FOLLOWING PLATFORM IN 1921 (NOTE ITEM #4):

[object Object],So by the 1920’s the Alaska Native Brotherhood had spoken out against fish traps, the local Alaskan fisherman had spoken out against fish traps and the 100+ canneries in Alaska had generally supported fish traps but was modifying their use due to 1906 regulations disallowing fixed gear in Alaskan rivers. Colt, S. (2002, February 15). Salmon Fish Traps in Alaska: An economic history perspective. Retrieved April 2007, from Alaskool: http://www.alaskool.org/projects/traditionalife/fishtrap/FISHTRAP.htm

THIS WAS THE CLIMATE LEADING UP TO THE WHITE ACT IN 1924 ,[object Object],Salmon Fisheries in Alaska . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from Alaska Department of Fish and Game: http://www.cf.adfg.state.ak.us/geninfo/finfish/salmon/salmhome.php Colt, S. (2002, February 15). Salmon Fish Traps in Alaska: An economic history perspective. Retrieved April 2007, from Alaskool: http://www.alaskool.org/projects/traditionalife/fishtrap/FISHTRAP.htm Governing Alaska: Federal influence in the territory . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from Alaska History and Cultural Studies: http://www.akhistorycourse.org/articles/article.php?artID=137

G ETTING BACK TO THE STATEHOOD MOVEMENT… ,[object Object],[object Object],Alaska Constitution . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaska_Constitution

Delegate Eldor R. Lee, speaking on fish traps “ Now, in '48 we had a referendum on it. Eight to one they voted to abolish the fish traps. What better argument could we have for getting ratification of our constitution? People want the fish traps out, it has been proven. Now, if this is in our constitution, the people are going to go and vote to get the traps out, and there are going to be many of them that will vote that otherwise would never have voted before, and they will vote to ratify our constitution, and that, of course, will work to serve our purpose here. “ Fish traps became a rallying point to independence and ratification of the constitution. Through the work of many politicians and citizens alike, fish trap use became a part of the Alaska State Constitution. Creating Alaska: Convention Delegates . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from University of Alaska: http://www.alaska.edu/creatingalaska/convention/delegates/lee.xml Alaska Constitution . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaska_Constitution

ARTICLE XV, SECTION 24, ORDINANCE NO. 3 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Alaska Constitution . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaska_Constitution Alaska Constitution . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from State of Alaska: http://ltgov.state.ak.us/constitution.php?section=22

WHERE DOES THAT LEAVE THE ISSUE OF FISH TRAPS TODAY?

Local Fishing People Today ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Loy, W. (2002, October 31). Salmon Fisherman Reconsider Taboos To Save Way of Life . Retrieved April 2007, from Juneau Empire: http://www.juneauempire.com/stories/103102/sta_fishermen.shtml

Alaska Natives Today ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Colt, S. (2002, February 15). Salmon Fish Traps in Alaska: An economic history perspective. Retrieved April 2007, from Alaskool: http://www.alaskool.org/projects/traditionalife/fishtrap/FISHTRAP.html

Native Fish Traps Today ,[object Object],Anderson, E. (n.d.). School Begins on the Banks of the Kuskokwim . Retrieved April 2007, from Alaska Department of Fish and Game: http://www.wc.adfg.state.ak.us/index.cfm?adfg=wildlife_news.view_article&issue_id=22&articles_id=112 An example of this is the summer fish camp school in Kalskag were students are taught traditional fish trapping and fishing methods and catch all five species of salmon, learning to prepare and preserve them in the traditional ways.

References Alaska Constitution . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alaska_Constitution Alaska Constitution . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from State of Alaska: http://ltgov.state.ak.us/constitution.php?section=22 Alaska State Government . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from NetState: http://www.netstate.com/states/government/images/ak_klawak_1927l.jpg Anderson, E. (n.d.). School Begins on the Banks of the Kuskokwim . Retrieved April 2007, from Alaska Department of Fish and Game: http://www.wc.adfg.state.ak.us/index.cfm?adfg=wildlife_news.view_article&issue_id=22&articles_id=112 Colt, S. (2002, February 15). Salmon Fish Traps in Alaska: An economic history perspective. Retrieved April 2007, from Alaskool: http://www.alaskool.org/projects/traditionalife/fishtrap/FISHTRAP.htm Creating Alaska: Convention Delegates . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from University of Alaska: http://www.alaska.edu/creatingalaska/convention/delegates/lee.xml Governing Alaska: Federal influence in the territory . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from Alaska History and Cultural Studies: http://www.akhistorycourse.org/articles/article.php?artID=137 Loy, W. (2002, October 31). Salmon Fisherman Reconsider Taboos To Save Way of Life . Retrieved April 2007, from Juneau Empire: http://www.juneauempire.com/stories/103102/sta_fishermen.shtml Salmon Fisheries in Alaska . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from Alaska Department of Fish and Game: http://www.cf.adfg.state.ak.us/geninfo/finfish/salmon/salmhome.php US Laws: Alaska Constitution: Ordinance No. 3 . (n.d.). Retrieved April 2007, from Justia: http://law.justia.com/alaska/constitution/constitution-19.html

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Fish Traps In Alaska Final