1. Audience Research

3. Factors that affect this can include age, sexuality, ethnicity and social class.

4. The audience becomes active when they become engaged in what they hear or see.

5. The audience is then able to construct their own interpretations of what they are exposed to.

6. Sometimes a lack of knowledge or language barriers could affect the audience ,if they don’t have a good understanding of what is going on then there will be no involvement.

8. This theory is usually brought up in discussions by parents or society when they try and explain certain groups in society which are influenced by media.

10. It implies that if you watch something violent the you will go out and do something violent.

11. Films such as The Exorcist and A Clockwork Orange have been banned in some areas as they have been blamed for encouraging violent behavior.