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The New Nuclear Wave:  Perspectives for the 21 st  century  ,[object Object]
Commodities  price Oil  1 Coal  3 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],($/Tep) Uranium  4 Gas  2
Production cost Comparison with other base load technologies Jan 2002 Jan 2004 Jan 2006 Jan 2008 18.5 €/tCO2 22.5 €/tCO2 CO2 Range
Production mix and electricity cost Italy and France Production Mix 2007 ** Electricity price to Industrial Clients €/MWh  *** *  Autorità per l’energia elettrica e il gas, Commission de régulation de l’énergie **  Enel analysis based on anticipatory data from Enel, Eurostat, Terna, IEA data. 2007 ***  Electricity price to industrial clients  (24GWh/y) Electricity generation market *   Italy France -52% 17% 11% 14% 5% 60% 9% 78% 4% 2% Italy France nuclear oil/others gas coal renewable
CO2 emissions Technology driven Source: Spadaro, Joseph V., Lucille Langlois, and Bruce Hamilton, 2000: “Assessing the Difference:  Greenhouse Gas Emissions of Electricity Generating Chains”, IAEA Bulletin, Vol. 42, No. 2, Vienna, Austria ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CO2 avoided emissions  Nuclear contribution Portugal Source: Enel elaboration on data from IEA statistics, electricity information 2007 e  WNA, Table of world nuclear power reactors, March 2008 Source: Enel analysis based on anticipatory data from Enel, Eurostat, Terna, IEA data. 2007 CO2 specific emissions (g/kWh)  * - 84% In the EU Nuclear is the most prominent energy source without GHG emissions. Compared with the substitutive fossil source with the least GHG emission (CCGT), avoided emissions amount to nearly 410 Mton/year  (10% European total) 197 reactors in operation 31% of produced electricity in Europe comes from nuclear  4 European countries produce more than 50% of their electricity with nuclear technology % nuclear Other sources Greece France 78% Ireland United Kingdom 19% Spain 26% Sweden 48% Finland 29% Netherlands 4% Germany 28% Russia 16% Norway Slovakia 56% Czech Rep. 30% Bulgaria 42% Romania 9% Slovenia Lithuania 72% Belgium 54% Ukraine 47% Switzerland 40% Austria Italy
Generation cost of low-CO2 technologies Nuclear * Source: Padua University - 2007
Some points on Nuclear Safety New Operating Procedures  and  advanced HMI  have improved operator response in any Plant condition, including the most severe ones International cooperation :  WANO ,  IAEA ,  WENRA  ensures  sharing  of  best practices  and that there are no operators or plants with sub-standard performances Over  11.000 reactor*years  of  Nuclear  industry  operating experience Operational Nuclear Safety ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],All Nuclear Operators adhere to commitment of “ strong nuclear   safety culture ” and to the  personal  and  collective   responsibility  for the Nuclear safety (WANO) Technological innovation  through research and engineering ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Technology
Some points on Nuclear Decommissioning ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Some points on Nuclear Radioactive wastes
* ‘Red Book’ IAEA-NEA 2006 ** CISAC 2005 Geographical Distribution of  U Reserves (*) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Some points on Nuclear Uranium reserves Thorium reserves have not been considered (approx.: 3 times Uranium reserves) RAR: Reasonably Assured Resources EAR: Estimated Additional Resources SR: Speculative Resources

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Giancarlo Aquilanti

  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3. Production cost Comparison with other base load technologies Jan 2002 Jan 2004 Jan 2006 Jan 2008 18.5 €/tCO2 22.5 €/tCO2 CO2 Range
  • 4. Production mix and electricity cost Italy and France Production Mix 2007 ** Electricity price to Industrial Clients €/MWh *** * Autorità per l’energia elettrica e il gas, Commission de régulation de l’énergie ** Enel analysis based on anticipatory data from Enel, Eurostat, Terna, IEA data. 2007 *** Electricity price to industrial clients (24GWh/y) Electricity generation market * Italy France -52% 17% 11% 14% 5% 60% 9% 78% 4% 2% Italy France nuclear oil/others gas coal renewable
  • 5.
  • 6. CO2 avoided emissions Nuclear contribution Portugal Source: Enel elaboration on data from IEA statistics, electricity information 2007 e WNA, Table of world nuclear power reactors, March 2008 Source: Enel analysis based on anticipatory data from Enel, Eurostat, Terna, IEA data. 2007 CO2 specific emissions (g/kWh) * - 84% In the EU Nuclear is the most prominent energy source without GHG emissions. Compared with the substitutive fossil source with the least GHG emission (CCGT), avoided emissions amount to nearly 410 Mton/year (10% European total) 197 reactors in operation 31% of produced electricity in Europe comes from nuclear 4 European countries produce more than 50% of their electricity with nuclear technology % nuclear Other sources Greece France 78% Ireland United Kingdom 19% Spain 26% Sweden 48% Finland 29% Netherlands 4% Germany 28% Russia 16% Norway Slovakia 56% Czech Rep. 30% Bulgaria 42% Romania 9% Slovenia Lithuania 72% Belgium 54% Ukraine 47% Switzerland 40% Austria Italy
  • 7. Generation cost of low-CO2 technologies Nuclear * Source: Padua University - 2007
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.