Cartilage and bone are connective tissues that provide structure and support. There are three types of cartilage - hyaline, fibro, and elastic - each with different compositions and locations in the body. Bones contain bone tissue as well as other tissues. Bones function to provide structure, protect organs, allow movement via muscle attachment, produce blood cells, and store minerals and energy. There are four classes of bones - long, short, flat, and irregular - with different shapes and locations. Bones grow and remodel through both interstitial and appositional growth.
4. It is found in: the trachea, portions of the larynx, the articular cartilage on bones, epiphyseal plates, and the fetal skeleton.
5. It provides support through flexibility and resilience, and its extracellular matrix has a translucent appearance, with no clearly visible collagen fibers, when viewed in a microscopic section.
8. Located in regions of the body where a shock absorber is required such as: the intervertebral discs, the menisci of the knee, and the pubic symphysis.
9. It lacks a perichondrium because stress applied at the surface would quickly destroy this layer.Intervertebral Discs
17. The primary component is bone connective tissue, also called osseous connective tissue. They also contain connective tissue proper, cartilage connective tissue, smooth muscle tissue, fluid connective tissue, epithelial tissue, and nervous tissue.
18. The matrix of bone connective tissue is sturdy and rigid due to deposition of minerals in the matrix, a process called calcification.
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20. They also protect many delicate tissues and organs from injury and trauma.
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22. Muscles attached to the bones of the skeleton contract and exert a pull on the skeleton which then functions as a series of levers.
23. The bones of the skeleton can alter the direction and magnitude of the forces generated by the skeletal muscles.
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25. Blood cells are produced in a connective tissue called red bone marrow, which is located in some spongy bone.
26. The locations of red bone marrow differ between children and adults. In children it is located in the spongy bone, as children mature into adults, much of the red bone marrow degenerates and turns into a fatty tissue called bone marrow.
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28. Calcium is an essential mineral for such body functions as muscle contraction, blood clotting, and nerve impulse transmission.
58. First, the tensile strength of bone decreases due to a reduced rate of protein synthesis, which in turn results in decreased ability to produce the organic portion of bone matrix.
59. Second, bone loses calcium and other minerals. The bones of the skeleton become thinner and weaker, resulting in insufficient ossification, a condition called oseopenia.
60. Osteoporosis – Bone mass becomes reduced enough to compromise normal function.