EDEN - Lucis Project

LUCIS / DEMTEC PROJECT
Ricardo Barbosa, INEGI

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INEGI, 9th May
EDEN PROJECT International Seminar – “H2 as an energy vector”

Lucis Project– Fuel Cell Demonstration
Project–

Promotor – INEGI

Partners – INETI, SRE

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LUCIS | DEMTEC PROJECT
INTRODUCTION

NEW ENERGETIC PARADIGM

The need of a new energetic paradigm comes from the interaction of the following
propelling forces:

• The appearance of emerging technologies that can provide sources of distributed
generation with benefits not available to traditional and centralized energy sources;

• An increase of the energy supply security concerns has revealed the vulnerability of the
centralized energy production to accidents or sabotage;

• The inevitable emergence of more environmental constraints in energy production, since
this represents an important part in local and global pollution.

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INTRODUCTION

The role of hydrogen in the new energetic paradigm

The concept of a hydrogen economy was created in the 70’s and the first World
Conference of Hydrogen, in 1976, identified the hydrogen as a carrier of clean energy for
the future.

The Australian chemical John Bockris used for the first time the term quot;hydrogen
economyquot; in the early 70’s.

In the prospective hydrogen economy, a quot;substantial fraction of the energy is supplied by
hydrogen produced from sources of energy without emissions of greenhouse gases.quot;

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INTRODUCTION

Hydrogen as an energy vector

Hydrogen
Hydrogen Use of Hydrogen as a
Distribution and
Production fuel
storage

PEM Fuel Cells

Alkaline Fuel Cells
Fuel Cells
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells

Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

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OBJECTIVES

- Validate the reliability of current technology of PEM hydrogen fuel cells (PEMFC) when

used in practical situations.

- Evaluate the competitive advantages that these solutions can represent instead of the

conventional solutions currently used.

- Evaluate the logistic impacts that the dissemination of this technology can bring.

- Evaluate economical, social and cultural impacts associated with the use of hydrogen.

- Evaluate the benefits to business competitiveness of the FC use.

- Evaluate the potential market.

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DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS

The situations selected for the demonstration of applications cover a wide range and

illustrative examples, the potential of the use of FC in the following situations:

• Feeding Residential Lighting

• UPS / Back-up

• Feeding stand alone systems

• Feeding Portable systems

• Used as a Battery Charger

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TECHNOLOGY USED
PEM Technology

Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cells work
with a polymer electrolyte in the form of a thin,
permeable sheet.
Electrical Efficiency is about 40 to 50%, and operating
temperature is about 80ºC
The solid, flexible electrolyte will not leak or crack, and
these cells operate at a low enough temperature to make
them suitable for homes and cars.
Their fuels must be purified, and a platinum catalyst is
used on both sides of the membrane, raising costs.

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TECHNOLOGY USED

H 2 ( g ) → 2 H + (aq ) + 2e −
Anode

1
O2 ( g ) + 2 H + (aq ) + 2e − → H 2O (l )
2
Cathode

Clean electrical energy production when feed with hydrogen
produced by renewable energy sources

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TECHNOLOGY USED

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TECHOLOGY USED

• SRE PEM cells are specifically designed to be used in small power applications, portable, traction
or stationary. This means demanding requirements regarding simplicity in auxiliary systems and low
balance-of-plant energy consumption (typically lower than 1W on a 10 W system).

• Our standard output values, already validated by independent laboratories, are around 400 mW

per square centimetre (at 0,5 V) with peak values above 500 mW.

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LUCIS | DEMTEC PROJECT DEMONSTRATOR: CM Torres Vedras
DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS | CM Torres Vedras

• CMTV always cared about environmental protection and exploitation of renewable energy. (Torres
Vedras got one of the most significant wind farms in Portugal).

• The use of Hydrogen as an energy vector has been the subject of interest by CMTV.

In that scope two demonstration projects are promoted:

•Back-up/UPS of SNPC communication systems.

•Traffic lights.

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Back-up/UPS of SNPC communication systems
Back-

Objective
• Test the Hydrogen Fuel Cells as a source of backup, particularly for situations where it intends to
have large autonomy systems, such as the National Office of Communications Civil Protection.

Project description
The system is currently composed by a radio and a battery that usually has to be connected to
conventional energy.
In the new solution it happens the integration of Battery + Fuel Cell + Photovoltaic Panel. The
photovoltaic panel will aim to simplify the logistics of hydrogen involved in this project.
The systems will be installed in the area of Torres Vedras, distributed by four entities: the GNR, the PSP,
the Fire Department and City Hall of this county

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Traffic Lights
Objectives:

Test the hydrogen fuel cells as a source for mobile traffic lights instead of
traditional batteries, thus providing a solution of extensive autonomy.

Project description

The new solution is to replace the battery by a power source with maximum
power output of 200W and stabilized to 12V. The solution still has a battery
'buffer' of 25Ah/24V.

The compressed hydrogen bottles to be used for this application is the type 20H,
with a capacity of 3.5m3 on hydrogen. It is therefore an autonomy of 36 hours
for the system.
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LUCIS | DEMTEC PROJECT DEMONSTRATOR: Auto-Estradas Atlântico
Demonstration projects | AEA

Demonstration project:
Video Surveillance in Auto-Road A8 feed by FC in addition to solar
photovoltaic systems and wind power.

Advantages:
•With the use of an integrated photovoltaic (PV) / the Hydrogen Fuel Cell
(PCH), it is possible to optimise the rate of availability and reliability of the
energy supply system in remote locations.
•The use of PV system / PCH will reduce the huge costs that are achieved
with the over sizing of PV panels, especially when an availability and reliability
rate of more than 90% is wanted.
• The integrated system will reduce the capacity of accumulators, which are
usually extremely high when it is used for the solution of photovoltaic panels.

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DEMONSTRATOR: Auto-Estradas Atlântico
Demonstration projects | AEA

Project Description:

The Photovoltaic Panel is the primary source of energy that will
ensure the supply of energy in the system.
Since the energy captured by the sun and wind is not available in
most of the day, the FC system comes as secondary source to video
surveillance systems.

4 posts are covered in this project

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LUCIS | DEMTEC PROJECT DEMONSTRATOR: Autosil
Demonstration projects | AUTOSIL

Battery charger (AUTOSIL)

Advantages:
The use of FC as a battery charger allows more flexibility in its
use.

The number of batteries to be charged at the same time are
10, with a capacity of about 25Ah/12V.

In this project SRE 200 W power supplies with 12 V stabilized
output are used.

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LUCIS | DEMTEC PROJECT DEMONSTRATOR: INETI
Demonstration projects | INETI

Backup systems for emergency lighting.

Advantages:
The use of FC as a Backup systems for emergency lighting
is a way to extend the autonomy of the system.

The backup system used is constituted by 2 power supply 200W,
with output of 12V stabilized.
The hydrogen vessels used are of type 20H (about 3.5m3 of
hydrogen).

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LUCIS | DEMTEC PROJECT DEMONSTRATOR: CM Albufeira
Demonstration projects | CM Albufeira

Albufeira City Hall promoting energy efficiency and environmental protection got four
demonstrations projects in the LUCIS scope:

1.Power supply to the vice-president office.
1.Power vice-

The aim of this demonstration is through testing of the Hydrogen Fuel Cells feeding back-up/UPS.
The solution implemented in this demonstration project to ensure the supply of electricity for
lighting and taken with a power which was estimated at 200 W, with peak values of 500 W.
The use in this project, back-up/UPS serves as a major test for the approach of other markets.

2. Feed of water pumps and lighting.

The aim of this demonstration is through testing of the hydrogen fuel cells as a source for
electrical power supply of 12 projectors and the water pump used in fountain.
The system implemented under this project consists of a hybrid system consisting of a
photovoltaic panel and a fuel cell of 400 W with inverter.
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LUCIS | DEMTEC PROJECT DEMONSTRATOR: CM Albufeira
Demonstration projects | CM Albufeira

3. Feed for two lamps for street lighting.

The aim of this demonstration is through testing of the hydrogen fuel cells feeding two lamps for
lighting of the public car park opposite the City Hall of Albufeira.
photovoltaic panel and a fuel cell.

4. Kid Kart
The aim of this demonstration is through testing of the hydrogen fuel cells applied.
Recharging the internal Battery and powering the engine.
photovoltaic panel and a PEM fuel cell.

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Testing benchs
Characterization of FC:
- Polarization curves.
- Evaluation of the behaviour in several
conditions by changing parameters such as:
- Gas Humidity and flows
- FC Temperature

Test rigs located at
INEGI

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Conclusions

• Demonstrations Projects are running;

• Systems are being monitored;

• First public divulgation session – 2th June – Torres Vedras.

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Thanks For Your
Attention !!!!

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EDEN - Lucis Project

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