Stop ballast water invasions

1. STOP BALLAST WATER INVASIONS
Hafez ahmad

2. Invasive alien species in Bangladesh
Species Common name Natural habitat origin Year of
introduction
Trichogaster
pectoralis
Siamese gourami Thailand Singapore 1952
Carassius auratus goldfish Europe , Asia Pakistan 1953
Tilapia
mossambica
Tilapia Africa Thailand 1954
Lebistes
reticulatus
Guppy s.America Thailand 1957
Cyprinus carpio
var. communis
Scale carp Temperate Asia
,Europe
1960,1965
Ctenopharygodo
n idella
Grass carp china Japan. Nepal .
Hong Kong
1966,1970,1979
Hypopthalmichty
s molitrix
Silver carp china Hong Kong .
Japan
1969,1970
Tilapia nilotica Nilotica africa Thailand 1975
Puntius
gonionotus
Rajpunti / thai
sarpunti
Indonesia
.Thailand .
Malaysia
.Philippines
Thailand 1986

3. Invasive alien species in Bangladesh
origin introduction
Mylopharyngodon
piceus
Black carp China China 1983
Clarias gariepinus African magur Africa Thailand 1989
Pangasius sutchi pangas Thailand
,Indonesia
Thailand 1990
Pangasius giganticus Giantt pangas
Eichhornia crassipes water hyacinth brazil
Source: department of fisheries (2001) Invasive Alien Species in South-Southeast AsiaEdited by
Nirmalie Pallewatta, Jamie K. Reaser, and Alexis T. Gutierrez.21pages,seaasia-2

4. The directs threats of invasive species preying on native species
 Out-competing native species for food or other resources
 Displacement of native species
 Causing or carrying disease and parasites
 Preventing native species from reproducing or killing their young
 Smothering and overgrowth .causing genetic dilution ,hybridization
The directs threats of invasive species
 changing food webs
Decreasing biodiversity
destroy the abundance of species
 altering ecosystem conditions
Changes in nutrients cycles
Common invasive species traits include
The ability to reproduce both asexually and sexually
Fast growth
 rapid reproduction
High dispersal ability
Phenotypic plasticity (the ability to alter one’s growth from to suit current conditions)
Tolerance of a wide range of environmental conditions
Ability to live off of a wide range of food types
Association with human

5. Ballast water
Ballast water is one of the major pathways of biological invasion throughout the world. over
12 billion tons of ballast water is moved across vast coastal and oceanic domains annually .it
also poses a serious ecological, economic and health threat through the transfer of invasive
aquatic species inadvertently carried in it. Ballast water contains a variety of organisms
including bacteria and viruses and the adult and larval stages of the many marine and coastal
plants and animals.

7. Aquatic invasive species
Scientific name English name origin Effect area
1 mnemiopsis leidyi comb jellyfish north America
2 Corbicula fluminea Asian clam
3 Eriocheir sinensis Chinese mitten
crab
4 Dreissena polymorpha Zebra mussel
5 Carcinus maenas Green crab Eupean North America
6 Rapana venosa Vein rapa whelk North west
pacific
Mediterranean
7 Clarias gariepinus African catfish africa Asia
8 Anoplolepis gracilipes
9 pomacea canaliculata golden apple snail South America Southeast Asia
10 Memosa pigra American shrub America Thailand
11 Clarias macrocephalus Walking catfish Thailand
12 Cherax quadricarinatus Red claw crayfish Australia Singapore
13 Gymnodinium catenatum (dinoflagellates) Australia Japan
14 Oreochromis niloticus Nile tilapia Singapore
15 Calotes versicolor changeable Singapore

8. Aquatic invasive species
Scientific name English name Origin Affect area
16 Cyprinus carpio Common carp Singapore
17 Mytilopsis sallei mussel Caribbean Singapore
18 Gymnodinium impudicum (dinoflagellates Singapore
19 Brachidontes striatulus (mollusks) India Singapore
20 Yongeichthys virgatulus (fish) Japan Singapore
21 Cryptosporidium parvum (Microbes)
22 Vibrio cholerae cholerae
23 Giardia duodenalis
24 Alexandrium minutum Dinoflagellates Europe
25 Neogobius melanostomus Round goby
26 Hemigrapsus penicillatus Asian pencil crab
27 Rapana venosa Veined welk
28 Hemigrapsus sanguineus Asian shore crab East Asia Europe
29 Palaemon macrodactylus Asian shrimp East Asia North West
America
30 Caprella scaura Indian Ocean
skeleton shrimp

9. Most available aquatic invasive species

10. Aquatic invasive species

11. Ballast water managementbwm Ballast water management (BWM)
BWM methods BWM procedures Education and training
BWE BWT
Sediment
measurement
BW isolation
Sequentia
l method
dilution
Flow
through
mechanical
filtration
separation
Reception
facilities
oxidants
Return to
origin
hydro
chlorination
carbonation
biocides
physical chemical
Thermal
UV
irradiation
ultrasound
electrolysis
deoxygenati
ng
cavitations
ozonation

12. Ballast water treatment methods for
specific organisms sizes
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
ballast
exchange
filtration chemical heat UV light
sizes
sizes
Micro
bes
,fish
larvae
mediu
m
Large
fish

13. Criteria for Selecting a Treatment Method
 Safety of the crew and passengers
 Effectiveness at removing target organisms
 Ease of operating treatment equipment
 Amount of interference with normal ship operations
and travel times
 Structural integrity of the ship
 Size and expense of treatment equipment
 Amount of potential damage to the environment
 Ease for port authorities to monitor for compliance
with regulations