2. 9
Microgrid Research
Programme Areas
AC Microgrids
DC Microgrids
MICROGRID RESEARCH PROGRAMME
Modeling, Control &
Operation
Energy Storage
Protection
Power Quality
Standard-based ICT
EMS & Optimization
Multi-Agents
5. PV power generation subsystem
PV array installed on the roof of
Shanghai ShenZhou New Energy B
plant, installed capacity of 130 kVA,
east-west array configuration, adopt
the fixed angle best installation.
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Microgrid Technology Research and Demonstration
http://www.meter.et.aau.dk
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Wind power generation subsystem
Total wind power installed capacity: 20kVA. (2 x 10 kW Wind Turbines)
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Microgrid Technology Research and Demonstration
http://www.meter.et.aau.dk
8. 37
Time
Period
↑
Current, Voltage inner loops
Droop Control
ω / V Restoration
Grid Synchronization
Power Export/Import
Demand Response
Scheduling, EMS
Main goal
Integration of Smart Meters in the Control Hierarchy
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Microgrid Technology Research and Demonstration
http://www.meter.et.aau.dk
11. DC Distribution Microgrids
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Problems in AC microgrids:
Synchronization of distributed generators
Inrush current (transformers, Induction motors, Induction generators)
Three-Phase Unbalance (single-phase loads, single-phase generators such as photovoltaic)
Recent Trends
Introduction of many Inverter loads (AC/DC and DC/AC conversions are included)
Introduction of distributed generations with DC output (photovoltaic, fuel cell,
variablespeed type wind turbine, microturbine, gas engine)
Needs for higher quality power
DC-Coupled Microgrids
DC microgrids/nanogrids
DC distributed power systems (DPS)
Applications: VRM, -48 V telecom systems, DC-link for UPS systems
Isolated systems: avionic, automotive, marine…
12. DC Distribution Microgrids
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300-400V DC Operational and Demo Sites Worldwide (Europe, USA and Japan)
Source: NTT, Japan
Demonstrations of 300-400V DC MicroGrids in the world
17. DC Distribution Microgrids
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Events timeline for a microgrid in Sendai, Japan, after the March 11, 2011 earthquake.
K. Hirose, “Performance of the Sendai Microgrid During the 2011 Earthquake and Tsunami”
Sendai Microgrid Project
18. Data server
DC Data Centers
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DC microgrids for data centers & servers
Four power conversions can result in a poor efficiency of the system
Online UPS system is easily available in the market
Supplying digital loads. A classical solution:
19. DC Data Centers
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PDU -. Power Distribution Unit.
PSU -. Power Supply Unit
DC microgrids for data centers & servers
21. DC Data Centers
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Small scale demonstration comparing conventional a high efficiency AC architecture
with 380V DC facility-level distribution
Overhead lights operated on 380Vdc as well.
DC – AC Demonstration Facility
22. DC Data Centers
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Small scale demonstration setup for AC (top) and DC (bottom)
7% improved efficiency and 6% savings with DC
DC – AC Demonstration Facility
23. WWW.MICROGRIDS.ET.AAU.DK 55
Phase I: Design, modelling and control.
Phase II: Coordination control schemes between microgrid elements, including
communication systems and energy management systems for DC microgrids.
Phase III: Creation of two Living Labs as a user-centred research concept, to test
innovation systems and elements that can conform a DC microgrid for different
applications.
• Home DC Microgrid Living Lab
At AAU to research and test DC distribution for
1-2 family houses
• Industrial DC Microgrid Lab
At North China Electrical Power University (China),
for research, demo and test of energy solutions
for commercial buildings.
