6. SIGN AND SYMPTOM
1.May present as abdominal
emergency
-Acute distension
-Colicky pain (spasm)
-Failure to pass flatus or stool
(constipation is prevailing
feature)
-Vomiting is late sign
2.Rapid heart rate.
3.Rapid breathing.
7. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
• Redundant sigmoid
colon that has a narrow
mesenteric attachment
to posterior abdominal
wall allows close
approximation of 2 limbs
of sigmoid colon à
8. DIAGNOSTIC TEST
1. X-r ays — A bdom nal X-r ays m show
i ay
obst r uct i on and abnor m ai r -f l ui d l evel s
al
oi ,i
i n t he si gm d and cecum n m dgut
i
vol vul us, abdom nal X-r ays m be
i ay
nor m .
al
2. W t e bl ood cel l count — In strangulation, the
hi
count is greater than 15,000/µl, in bowel
infarction, greater than 20,000/µl.
9. CON’T…
3.B i umenem — I n cecal vol vul us,
ar a
bar i umf i l l s t he col on di st al t o t he
sect i on of cecum .
4.C put ed t om aphy scan — m show
om ogr ay
evi dence of i nt est i nal obst r uct i on.
11. TREATMENT
1.For children with midgut
volvulus, surgery is required.
2. For adults with sigmoid
volvulus, nonsurgical treatment
includes proctoscopy to check for
infarction and reduction by
careful insertion of a flexible
sigmoidoscope to deflate the
12. TREATMENT
3.Untwisting by performing
sigmoidoscopy and placing
rectal tube, monitor for signs
of bowel ischemia for 2-3
days, if no improvement,
consult surgery for
laparotomy (sigmoid
resection and primary
anastamosis)