Renewable and energy efficient technologies

Renewable and Energy
Efficient Technologies
by EfficientCarbon

A few basic guidelines
• 2 hr session
– 45 mins for theory

– 15 mins of Q&A (at the end of theory)

– 1 hr of demo/activity

– Some climate change videos if time permits

• Maximum Participation

• Tell us if we are boring you to sleep 

www.efficientcarbon.wordpress.com
Phone: +91 9000345588
efficientcarbon@gmail.com
© efficientcarbon, All rights reserved

Agenda
• The current situation
– Fossil Fuels - Greenhouse Gases
– How Global Warming Works
– Climate Change and India

• The Carbon Economy Equation
• Technologies for the future
– Solar
• The science behind the Solar Cell
• What is the world upto
• Advantages, Disadvantages and Applications

– LED
• The basics – science, fabrication and coloring
• Advantages, Disadvantages and Applications

• About EfficientCarbon
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Fossil Fuels and Greenhouse Gases
The global emissions have been steadily increasing since 1900 and the rate of their
increase is going up as well.

The six greenhouse gases to account for are, CO2, CH4, SF6, N2O, HFCs and PFCs.
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How Global Warming Works

Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas)
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Effects of Fossil Fuel based Economy Globally
Rising Sea Level Increased Temperature

Damage to Biodiversity Changes in Water Supply
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Effects of Fossil Fuel based Economy Globally

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Climate Change and India
• Rise of Sea-level/Depleting water
resources
– Sea level is rising at 3.14 mm a year in the
Sunderbans against a global average of 2
mm, threatening low-lying areas of India
and Bangladesh.
• Impacts on Agricultural yields
– Indian agriculture supports around 60% of
the population and contributes to around
17% of the GDP. For every 1* rise in
temperature there would be a 6%
reduction in the rice yields in India
• Climate Refugees
– Rising sea levels poses a threat of
migration of people into other areas
increasing the stress of infrastructure,
basic amenities and job opportunities

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The Low Carbon Economy Equation

world’s population

global economy
Total Carbon
Emissions =
energy efficiency

carbon intensity

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Technologies for the future

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Solar Energy

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The Science behind Photo-voltaic Cell
Cross-section of a Solar Cell

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The Science behind Photo-voltaic Cell

PN Junction Depletion

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China Announces Solar energy covers 2.8% Spain’s
Massive Solar Projects electricity demand

What is the world up to?

‘Solar City’ to come up at Kadiri - AP

20 GW of solar power by 2020 - India

Germany meets 1.2% of electricity
demand through Solar energy
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Solar performance assessment
Advantages Disadvantages
• Freely available and can last for a • High initial cost to set-up
long long time
• Clean energy from the sun – Zero • Large area required to set up the
Carbon panels
• Can reach places where grid
electricity does not reach • Reduced production during rainy
• Low Maintenance days and no production during
• Rugged and durable nights
• Low recurring costs
• Rebates and subsidies from the
govt.
• Nil Transmission losses

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LED Technology

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The Basics
Light Emitting Diode: A semiconductor device that
emits light when electricity is applied to it.

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Few variations of LEDs

High Power LED Packages – General Lighting

3.5 x 2.8 x 3.5 x 2.8 x 3.4 x 3.3 x
1.9 mm 1.9 mm 1.9 mm

Dimensions: length x width x height

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What gives LED its colour

InGaAlP
(Indium Gallium Aluminum Phosphide)

Red, amber, orange, yellow

InGaN
(Indium Gallium Nitride)

Green, blue, deep blue

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White Light LED process
Blue InGaN chip + Phosphor = White LED

InGaN LED
Relative Spectral Power (%)

White = Red +
YAG Phosphor Green + Blue

Wavelength (nm)

Wavelength (nm) Phosphors

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Advantage LED
Incandescent Halogen CFL Metal Halide White LED

Efficacy
7 - 20 15 - 20 50 - 100 80 - 110 70 - 110
(Im/W)

Life time
750–2,000 2,000–4,000 9,000–20,000 5,000–20,000 50,000+
(hrs)

CCT
2,500–3,000 2,800–3,150 2,700–7,500 4,000 2,700–10,000
(K)

CRI  95 100 70 - 85 70 70 - 85

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Advantages of LED lights
Efficient Technology Greater Design Flexibility
Directional light source Compact size (fixture design flexibility)
(minimal collection losses) Dynamic color tuning
High efficiency, lower wattage Instant on and dimmable
Low voltage No Infrared and UV emission
Wide range of CCT & CRI options

Reliability Environmental Friendly
Long lifetime of 50k+ hours No mercury (reduced disposal
 Lower life cycle costs costs)
 Reduced maintenance costs Reduced fossil fuel consumption
and carbon emissions
Robust (temperature, shock)

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Applications

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Q&A Time

Copies of this presentation can be downloaded at:
www.slideshare.net/harshayadav

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Contact us
Office: +91 40 40128206
Harsha: +91 9000345588
Ananth: +91 9176613965


www.efficientcarbon.com

www.twitter.com/efficientcarbon

www.facebook.com/efficientcarbon

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"Sustainability is not only absolutely necessary considering the situation our
planet is in, we as companies are also overdue to take responsibility. We
can't wait for governments. Companies have to lead the way…
- Jochen Zeitz, CEO, Puma

Thank You
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Renewable and energy efficient technologies

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