just my small effort

1. Gandhinagar Institute ofTechnology
Topic : Diesel Power Plant
Guided By : Prof. Rahish Sir
Branch : Electrical
Batch : B1 Sem : 4th
Academic year : 2015-16(even)
Prepared by : Harshid Panchal (140120109023)
Subject Name And Code : Electrical Power Generation (2140908)
Active Learning assignment
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2. Diesel power plant
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3. Introduction
A power station in which diesel engine used as the prime mover
for the generation of electrical energy is called diesel power
station.
In diesel power station, diesel used as the working fluid.The
fuel(diesel) burns inside the engine cylinder and chemical energy
of diesel is converted into the heat energy and this heat energy is
converted into mechanical energy. Diesel engine coupled with
alternator which converts mechanical energy into electrical
energy.
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4. CHEMICAL
ENERGY
MECHANICAL
ENERGY
ELECTRICAL
ENERGY
DIESEL
ENGINE
ALTERNATORFUEL
(DIESEL)
ENERGY CONVERSION IN DIESEL POWER PLANT
R
Y
B
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5. Diesel power station is very low capacity type as compare to
steam and hydro power station.
Diesel engine is also called I.C. (Internal Combustion) engine for
which the burning of fuel take place inside the engine.The main
difference between the diesel engine and the steam engine is that
in diesel engine the combustion of fuel take place inside the
engine and steam engine combustion of fuel take place outside
the engine.
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6. Line diagram of diesel power plant 6

7. Essential
elements of
diesel power
station
1) Diesel Engine : It is the main component of the diesel power
station. The diesel engines are two stroke or four stroke type. It
may be horizontal or vertical type. The diesel engine used as a
prime mover which is directly coupled with the generator.
2) Generator : The main function of generator is to convert
mechanical energy into electrical energy. Generator is mainly
coupled with diesel engine. The generator used power station is
salient pole type and rotating speed from 215 to 1000 r.p.m,
capacity 25 to 5000 KVA and output voltage 440V for small
machine and 2200 v for big machine.
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8. Essential
elements of
diesel power
station
3) Exciter : It is small d.c. generator coupled to the main set used
to produced required d.c. for excitation of the alternating field
is winding.
4) Air Filter : The main function of air filter to remove dust and
other suspended impurities from the air which is taken into the
engine.
5) Silencer : The main function of silencer is to reduce noise when
exhaust gas left out and also reduce noise pollution
6) Fuel Oil Tank : The fuel oil is stored in the fuel oil tanks which are
situated outside the diesel engine room for safety.
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9. Essential
elements of
diesel power
station
7) Strainer : Strainer is provided to remove suspended impurities
and supply clean fuel to engine.
8) Transfer Pump : The main function of the transfer pump is to
transfer fuel oil from the main tank to all day tank.
9) All day tank : The fuel oil which is transferred from fuel oil tank
to small storage tank kept at some height is called all day tank.
All day tank stored fuel oil as per the daily requirement.
10) Oil Filter : The main function of oil filter is to remove the dust
particles and other impurities from the fuel oil.
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10. Essential
elements of
diesel power
station
11) Fuel injection pump : fuel injection pump inject fuel oil to the
engine cylinder at high pressure.
12) Hot well : Hot well is provided in the surge tank. The water takes
away heat from the diesel engine and it self become hot. The
hot water stored in Hot well.
13) Jacket water pump : The main function of jacket water pump is
to transfer hot water from the hot well to heat exchanger.
14) Cooling tower : The cooling water which is absorbs heat from
heat exchanger and become hot. This is cooled in a cooling
tower and recirculated through the heat exchanger.
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11. Essential
elements of
diesel power
station
15) Raw water pump : Raw water pump discharges cooling water
from the cooling tower to heat exchanger.
16) Lubricating Oil tank : The life of the engine depend on the
lubrication system. Lubricating oil stored in this tank.
17) Oil pump : Oil pump to pass lubricating oil to the oil filter.
18) Air compressor : The main function of air compressor is to
compressed air at high pressure and it is admitted to cylinders of
the engine. Compressed air system is mostly used for starting
diesel engine.
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12. Comparison of
I.C. Engine and
External
Combustion
Engine
I.C. Engine
1) The combustion of fuel
takes place inside the
engine cylinder.
2) Diesel is used as the
working fluid.
3) Fuel cost is high.
4) Less capital cost.
5) Required less space.
6) Thermal efficiency is high.
7) Used in heavy duty
vehicles like truck, buses
etc.
External Combustion Engine
(steam engine)
1) The combustion of fuel
takes place outside the
engine cylinder.
2) Working fluid steam.
3) Fuel cost is low.
4) More capital cost.
5) Required large space.
6) Thermal efficiency is low.
7) Used in railway
locomotives, power
station etc.
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13. THE WORKING OF 4 – STROKE DIESEL ENGINE.
Exhaust valve Inlet valve
airExhaust gases
TDC
BDC
Fuel Injector
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14. 14WORKING OF 2-STROKE I.C. ENGINE

15. Comparison
between
2 stroke and
4 stroke
Two stroke engine
1) The cycle of operation is
completed in two stroke.
2) Simple construction.
3) High working efficiency.
4) Produce more noise.
5) They consume more
lubricating oil.
6) These engines required
less space.
Four stroke engine
1) The cycle of operation is
completed in four stroke.
2) Complicated construction.
3) Low working efficiency.
4) Produce less noise.
5) They consume less
lubricating oil.
6) These engines required
more space.

16. Application of
diesel power
plant
1) Peak load plant : Diesel engine power plant can be easily
started or stopped so it can be use in combination with thermal
or hydro plants as a peak load plants.
2) Mobile Plant : Diesel plants mounted on trailers can be used for
temporary or emergency purposes such as for suppling power
to large civil engineering works.
3) Stand by Units :When any one unit of steam power station
under maintenance period the diesel engine power station can
operate in parallel to generate electric power.
4) Emergency Plant : In Industries where the process is such that
continuous power supply is must when power from grid supply
fails the diesel plant is run to meet with requirement of supply.
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17. Application of
diesel power
plant
5) Nursery station :When a new power station is constructed or in
the absence of main grid, a diesel power station to supply
power in a small town.
6) Starting station : Diesel power station can be used to run the
auxiliaries for starting large steam power plant.
7) Central station : It is also used as central station where the
capacity required is small
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18. Advantages of
diesel power
station
1) It can be located near load centre.
2) Plant layout is simple.
3) The plant can be quickly started and can pick up load in very
short time.
4) There are no stand by losses.
5) The plant is smaller in size than steam power plant for the same
capacity.
6) The working life of diesel power plant is longer.
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19. Advantages of
diesel power
station
7) Capital cost is less.
8) They require less cooling tower.
9) Less civil engineering work is required.
10) There is no ash handling problem.
11) Easy lubrication system.
12) Efficiency is higher.
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20. Disadvantages
of diesel power
plant
1) The plant can not work under overload condition for longer
times.
2) Lubrication cost is high.
3) The capacity of plant is limited.
4) High operating cost.
5) Noise problem.
6) Capacity is restricted.
7) Cost of fuel is high and vary with time to time.
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21. Site selection
for diesel
power station
1) Distance from load centre : It should be located near the load
centre.This will minimize the cost of transmission lines and
power losses through them.
2) Availability of water : Sufficient quantity of water should be
available at the site selected for cooling purpose.
3) Foundation condition :The foundation condition of sub-soil
should be such that a foundation at a reasonable depth should
be capable of providing a strong support to the engine.
4) Access to the site :The site selected should have rail and road
transportation facilities.
5) FuelTransportation :The site selected should be nearer to the
source of fuel(diesel) supply so that transportation charges low.
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22. References :  Electrical Power Generation by Dr. D.M. Patel
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