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Economic Conditions Political Decisions Environmental Losses Presentation by Harvey Mead OECD Workshop on Best Practices for Assessing Sustainability of Biobased Products Montreal July 23-24, 2009 Delta Centre-ville
Bioproducts and the Club of Rome
The Fat Planet 2009:  Our Footprint = 1.3 Planets Source:  Living Planet Report,  WWF, Zoological Society of London, Global Footprint Network (2006)
The  per capita  Ecological  Footprint
Including that of most of humanity
Footprints of OECD Countries
Footprint With BAU Scenario:  2040 = 2x Earth’s Biocapacity
The  ecological footprint and  the Index of Human Development Canada
Mainstream Environmentalism: Incapable of coping … ,[object Object],[object Object]
…  and your economic criteria fail to look at the global context ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Growth and the criteria of the HDI For the following graphs: Jean Gadrey, « Croissance de la richesse économique ou « bien-être durable pour tous! »? », February 2009
Growth and the criteria of the HDI
Growth and the criteria of the HDI
Growth and the criteria of the HDI
Growth and the criteria of the HDI
Your Work: A response to peak oil by the United States and Europe ,[object Object]
And it’s not just peak oil that’s involved ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Thomas Homer-Dixon,  The Upside of Down: Catastrophe, Creativity and the Renewal of Civilization  (2006)
The same old story … ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Sustainability, Brundtland and Crises ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Early sustainability for ecological economists - 1 Matières Énergie Matières Énergie ÉCONOMIE ENVIRONNEMENT CHALEUR ÉNERGIE SOLAIRE
Sustainability earlier on for ecological economists - 2 Matières Énergie Matières Énergie ÉCONOMIE ENVIRONNEMENT ÉNERGIE SOLAIRE CHALEUR
Silicon Valley : Open Earth Source: An Introduction to the World Conservation Strategy, United Nations Environment Programme, p. 10.
Today’s lack of sustainability for ecological economists - 3 ÉNERGIE SOLAIRE Matières Énergie Matières Énergie ÉCONOMIE ENVIRONNEMENT CHALEUR
Silicon Valley : Full Earth Source: An Introduction to the World Conservation Strategy, United Nations Environment Programme, p. 10.
Energy return on investment (EROI) : Things have changed since 1930 Retour sur l’investissement énergétique (EROI)
The missing figures before starting your work ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Our Occupation of the Planet (Source: German report, p.47)
“ Highest potential of biomass production  …  in exactly those zones with very high or high biodiversity” Source: German report, p.57
Zones At Risk On the Planet  For Land and Food This slide and the next one: R, Cincotta, R. Engelman, D. Anastasion,  The Security Demographic , Population Action International (2003)
Zones At Risk On the Planet For Water and Food
Bioproducts in Borneo 1985-2005
German Report on Biofuels ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Sustainable management of agricultural land: Jakarta:1976-2004
Protection of natural biosphere areas (forests, grasslands,  …)
Preliminary Questions Remaining Apparently Unasked, Unanswered  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Fat Planet 2009:  Our Footprint = 1.3 Planets Source:  Living Planet Report,  WWF, Zoological Society of London, Global Footprint Network (2006)

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Nr can final

  • 1. Economic Conditions Political Decisions Environmental Losses Presentation by Harvey Mead OECD Workshop on Best Practices for Assessing Sustainability of Biobased Products Montreal July 23-24, 2009 Delta Centre-ville
  • 2. Bioproducts and the Club of Rome
  • 3. The Fat Planet 2009: Our Footprint = 1.3 Planets Source: Living Planet Report, WWF, Zoological Society of London, Global Footprint Network (2006)
  • 4. The per capita Ecological Footprint
  • 5. Including that of most of humanity
  • 6. Footprints of OECD Countries
  • 7. Footprint With BAU Scenario: 2040 = 2x Earth’s Biocapacity
  • 8. The ecological footprint and the Index of Human Development Canada
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11. Growth and the criteria of the HDI For the following graphs: Jean Gadrey, « Croissance de la richesse économique ou « bien-être durable pour tous! »? », February 2009
  • 12. Growth and the criteria of the HDI
  • 13. Growth and the criteria of the HDI
  • 14. Growth and the criteria of the HDI
  • 15. Growth and the criteria of the HDI
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20. Early sustainability for ecological economists - 1 Matières Énergie Matières Énergie ÉCONOMIE ENVIRONNEMENT CHALEUR ÉNERGIE SOLAIRE
  • 21. Sustainability earlier on for ecological economists - 2 Matières Énergie Matières Énergie ÉCONOMIE ENVIRONNEMENT ÉNERGIE SOLAIRE CHALEUR
  • 22. Silicon Valley : Open Earth Source: An Introduction to the World Conservation Strategy, United Nations Environment Programme, p. 10.
  • 23. Today’s lack of sustainability for ecological economists - 3 ÉNERGIE SOLAIRE Matières Énergie Matières Énergie ÉCONOMIE ENVIRONNEMENT CHALEUR
  • 24. Silicon Valley : Full Earth Source: An Introduction to the World Conservation Strategy, United Nations Environment Programme, p. 10.
  • 25. Energy return on investment (EROI) : Things have changed since 1930 Retour sur l’investissement énergétique (EROI)
  • 26.
  • 27. Our Occupation of the Planet (Source: German report, p.47)
  • 28. “ Highest potential of biomass production … in exactly those zones with very high or high biodiversity” Source: German report, p.57
  • 29. Zones At Risk On the Planet For Land and Food This slide and the next one: R, Cincotta, R. Engelman, D. Anastasion, The Security Demographic , Population Action International (2003)
  • 30. Zones At Risk On the Planet For Water and Food
  • 32.
  • 33. Sustainable management of agricultural land: Jakarta:1976-2004
  • 34. Protection of natural biosphere areas (forests, grasslands, …)
  • 35.
  • 36. The Fat Planet 2009: Our Footprint = 1.3 Planets Source: Living Planet Report, WWF, Zoological Society of London, Global Footprint Network (2006)

Notes de l'éditeur

  1. Ce graphique résume beaucoup de choses. La lecture de gauche à droite situe les pays dans le cadre de l’indice des Nations Unies sur le développement (IDH), selon lequel il faut que le pays soit au-dessus de 0,8 pour signifier l’atteinte d’un niveau de vie acceptable. La lecture du bas vers le haut présente l’empreinte écologique des pays. Une mauvaise orientation du développement verrait les pays pauvres atteindre le niveau de consommation des pays riches, remplissant la partie vide du graphique – un dépassement inconcevable de la capacité de support de la planète. Les arbitrages seront complexes pour trouver un autre issu…. Source: WWF International, Zoological Society of London, Global Footprint Network (2006), Living Planet Report , p.19. http://assets.panda.org/downloads/living_planet_report.pdf http://assets.panda.org/downloads/living_planet_report.pdf
  2. Source: An Introduction to the World Conservation Strategy , United Nations Environment Programme, p. 10
  3. Source: An Introduction to the World Conservation Strategy , United Nations Environment Programme, p. 10
  4. Ce graphique (en anglais, faute de capacité à le refaire) est compliqué, et présente le retour sur l’investissement énergétique (EROI), soit le rapport entre la quantité d’énergie utilisable, obtenue d’un vecteur d’énergie donné, et la quantité d’énergie nécessaire pour son obtention. Le graphique est présenté ici « simplement » pour souligner le déclin de l’EROI (axe verticale à gauche), au fur et à mesure de l’utilisation des sources d’énergie fossile depuis 75 ans. En 1930, les États-Unis retiraient environ 100 barils de pétrole pour l’équivalent d’un baril investi. Aujourd’hui le pays consomme de plus en plus de ces ressources (la consommation en quads indiquée à l’extrême droite), ses réserves en sont extrêmement réduites et les importations comportent des ÉROI entre 15 (pétrole) et 20 (gaz); le retour sur l’investissement est cinq fois moins qu’en 1930. Le coin en bas à gauche montre où se situent les deux courants nord-américains actuels, soit les sables bitumineux et les biocarburants. Ceux-ci ont des EROI tellement bas qu’ils ne répondent pas dans leur production au minimum de retour sur l’investissement requis pour la civilisation, selon cet auteur, et se place au niveau d’une société de paysanne. Le charbon, très polluant, reste abondant et représente soit un défi soit une menace pour l’ensemble des pays. Source : Hall C.A.S., Cleveland C.J. (2005), EROI: definition, history and future implications. Présenté à ASPO-US conference, Denver November 10, 2005 http://www.esf.edu/efb/hall/talks/EROI6a.ppt#467,22
  5. Cette carte, ègalement tirée de The Security Demographic: Population and Civil Conflict After the Cold War ( carte 5.2, p. 59) , produit par Population Action International, présente un portrait des pays où la croissance démographique entraîne une situation où l’accès aux terres agricoles devient de plus en plus problématique. L’urbanisation massive prévue pour les prochaines décennies découle en partie de cette situation. Plus la couleur est foncée, plus le stress et le risque sont importants. Encore une fois, l’alimentation est en question. Les deux cartes montrent bien que les problèmes vont se rencontrer dans les pays du Sud. Les pays industrialisés, en particulier l’Amérique du Nord, sont en large partie épargnés ces stress, même si le Sud-ouest des États-Unis , voire le Sud-est, connaissent des problèmes. Voir: http://www.populationaction.org/Publications/Reports/The_Security_Demographic/Summary.shtml
  6. Cette carte tirée de The Security Demographic: Population and Civil Conflict After the Cold War ( carte 5.1, p. 57) , produit par Population Action International, présente un portrait des pays où la croissance démographique comporte une situation où l’accès à l’eau potable devient de plus en plus problématique, et est associé à des pénuries selon la situation. Plus la couleur est foncée, plus le stress et le risque sont importants. L’alimentation est en question. Voir: http://www.populationaction.org/Publications/Reports/The_Security_Demographic/Summary.shtml