Tokuyoshi,Y., (2016) Development and validity of the Creative Flow Scale in skills and self-efficacy (CFS) クリエイティブ・フロー（創造的なフロー尺度）の開発。創造性のスキルと自己効力感（自信） ビックファイブパーソナリティ，一般的自己効力感尺度との関係性。

1. Development and validity of
the Creative Flow Scale in
skills and self-efficacy (CFS)
Yoga TOKUYOSHI
The 31st International Congress of Psychology (ICP2016)
Wednesday, July 27, 2016

2. •The special secret of making
dreams come true can be
summarized in four C’s.
•They are Curiosity,
Confidence, Courage, and
Constancy.
Walt Disney

3. Objective
There are two main purposes.
(1)To develop the Creative
Flow Scale in skills and self-
efficacy (CFS).
(2)To examine its reliability
and validity. Studies that explore
creative flow will be conducted.

4. CFS was developed on
Creative Flow model
Venture
Creative
Flow
Apathy Wasteful
Creative Self –efficacy
【High】
Creative
Skill
【High】
•This Creative flow
model is hypothesized
that the person who has
skills and self-efficacy of
Creativity will be able to
demonstrate a high
performance in Creativity.
(Only Skill)
(Only Self-efficacy)

5. ■CFS was developed for evaluation of
the Creative Skills and Self–efficacy at necessitates
an approach based on a Creativity and Psychology.
【12 items with 5-point Likert scale. 2 subscales】
◆【Creative Skills】： 7 items
(e.g., “I feel that I have skills to create something.”)
◆【Creative Self-efficacy】 : 5 items
(e.g., “I feel that I have a confidence of Creativity.”)
Creative Flow Scale in Skills and Self-
Efficacy (CFS) (Tokuyoshi, 2016)
【Development of Scale】

6. “Creative Skills” Factor was
based on CREATIVE Model
(Tokuyoshi et al.,2014)
C: Curiosity, Concept or Purpose
R: Research, Resources & Reframe
E: Expand or Eliminate
A: Adapt, Attach, Apply to combine
T: Technique or Tool
I : Import from different fields or cultures
V: Venture and Preparation
E: Evaluation
※Applying of Creative Problem Solving, Cognitive Behavioural
and Solution focused approach

7. The purpose of the development of this scale
was to measure the effect of the intervention
based on Creative Problem Solving Coaching.

8. Ten Item Personality Measure-
Japanese (TIPI-J) (Osio et at. 2012)
●This is Big-5 personality.
10-item, 7 rate scale.
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Conscientiousness
Neuroticism (Emotional Instability )
Openness to Experience
※Original: TIPI(Gosling, Rentfrow, & Swann, 2003)

9. ■Japanese Adaptation of the General
Self Efficacy Scale(J-GSES)
(Ito, Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 2005)
•The General Self-Efficacy Scale is a
10-item psychometric scale that is
designed to assess optimistic self-
beliefs to cope with a variety of
difficult demands in life.
•GSES has been originally developed
in Germany by
Matthias Jerusalem
and Ralf Schwarzer.

10. Results
Factor M SD α Ht
CFS All 46.2 9.4 .90 .48
Creative Skills 28.7 5.5 .87 .54
Creative
Self-efficacy
17.5 4.9 .84 .57
Study１ Web Survey， Subject: 811名
（Man: 380名，Woman: 431名）Mean Age 29.0（SD=10.4）
Independent samples t-tests found no significant differences in the
mean scores of CFS and sub scale in Sex（n.s) .

11. Parallel Analysis Scree Plot
◆Parallel Analysis
Scree Plot（1.0）
①「Exploratory
factor analysis」
(Promax rotation）
②「Confirmatory
factor analysis」
Maximum
likelihood
procedure

12. Creative Flow Scale in Skills and Self efficacy
Item I feel that … F1 F2 Hi Dsc
Q1：I can imagine some new things to add or put
something together.
.74 .05 .55 2.7
Q2：I can imagine some new things making
modifications or applying.
.85 -.12 .56 2.9
Q3：I can imagine some new things using new
methods.
.73 .05 .58 2.8
Q4： I can imagine some new things making it
simple.
.54 .05 .45 1.7
Q5： I can imagine some new things changing
viewpoints.
.72 -.05 .55 2.4
Q6： I can imagine some new things using new
tools.
.58 .06 .50 1.8
Q7： I can imagine some new things using
something from other domains.
.79 -.06 .57 2.8
Q8： I have the ability to challenge myself to new
things.
.05 .77 .62 3.0
Q9： I want to challenge myself to new things. .17 .51 .51 1.7
Q10： I can carry out new things. -.12 .95 .64 3.6
Q11： I can imagine various ideas. .24 .54 .55 2.2
Q12： I am ready to begin new things. -.08 .68 .52 1.7

13. Confirmatory factor analysis (Maximum likelihood）
•CFI=.92, TLI=.89, RMSEA=.095 N=811

14. CFS, Big 5 and General Self efficacy
Correlation
CFS
Total
Creative
Skills
Creative
Self -
Efficacy
J-GSES
Conscientiousness .23***
.13**
.30***
.41***
Extraversion .29***
.19***
.35***
.44***
Agreeableness .13**
.07*
.17***
.18***
Neuroticism -.28***
-.17***
-.34***
-.52***
Openness to
Experience
.61***
.47***
.64***
.53***
J-General-Self
efficacy
.61***
.44***
.68***
-
*p<.05,**p<.01, ***p<.001 N=811

15. Divide 4 zone based on 2 factors of CFS
Self –efficacy of Creativity
【High】
Creative
Skill
【High】
4 zone
【Low】
【Low】
Venture
Creative
Flow
Apathy Wasteful
(Only Skill)
(Only Self-efficacy)

16. General Self-efficacy and 4 zones of CFS
21.9
27.4
23.1
30.4
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
25.0
30.0
35.0
Apathy Venture Wasteful Creative-Flow
p<.01【Multiple comparison (Holm’s method)】
(Only Skill)(Only Self-efficacy)

17. Big 5 Openness and 4 zones of CFS
3.9
5.1
4.5
5.8
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
7.0
Apathy Venture Wasteful Creative-Flow
p<.01【Multiple comparison (Holm’s method)】
(Only Skill)(Only Self-efficacy)

18. Discussion
■The scale showed excellent internal
consistency (2 Factors,α= .84–.87) in a
sample of 811 Japanese individuals.
■Criterion-related validity was also
determined by CFS total score, the General
Self-Efficacy Scale and the openness of Big
5 Personality.
■The results of this study confirmed the
reliability and validity of the proposed scale
for evaluating CFS in Japanese individuals.
■However, it will be necessary to conduct a
psychological experiment based on Creativity.
(Ex: Intervention or Cognitive experiment)

19. Reference
• Gosling, S. D., Rentfrow, P. J., & Swann, W. B., Jr. (2003). A
Very Brief Measure of the Big Five Personality Domains.
Journal of Research in Personality, 37, 504-528.
• Csikszentmihalyi, Mihaly (1990). Flow: The Psychology of
Optimal Experience. New York: Harper and Row.
• Tokuyoshi，Y, Iwasaki,S, & Palmer,S. (2013). Development of
an Interview Sheet based on the CREATIVE model for Coaching
Psychology Practice. Coaching Psychology International, 7(1),
4-10.

20. Creative Flow Scale in Skills and Self efficacy
Item F1 F2 Hi Dsc
Q1：何かを追加したり，組み合わせたりして，新しいことを考
えられると感じる。
.74 .05 .55 2.7
Q2：修正したり，応用したりすることで，新しいことを考えら
れると感じる。
.85 -.12 .56 2.9
Q3：新しい方法を利用することで，新しいことを考えられると
感じる。
.73 .05 .58 2.8
Q4：シンプルにすることで，新しいことを考えられると感じる。 .54 .05 .45 1.7
Q5：見方を変えることで，新しいことを考えられると感じる。 .72 -.05 .55 2.4
Q6：新しい道具を利用して，新しいことを考えられると感じる。 .58 .06 .50 1.8
Q7：別の領域から何かを導入して，新しいことを考えられると
感じる。
.79 -.06 .57 2.8
Q8：新しいことを行うために，自分にはその能力があると感じ
る。
.05 .77 .62 3.0
Q9：新しいことに挑戦したいと感じる。 .17 .51 .51 1.7
Q10：新しいことを実行できると感じる。 -.12 .95 .64 3.6
Q11：いろいろなアイデアを考えることができると感じる。 .24 .54 .55 2.2
Q12：新しいこと始めるために，準備ができていると感じる。 -.08 .68 .52 1.7

21. The Creative Flow in Skills and Efficacy Scale (Tokuyoshi,Y., 2016)
Please rate the following statements on a scale of 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree).
1: Strongly Disagree 2: Disagree 3: Neutral 4: Agree 5: Strongly Agree
I feel that...
＿＿Q1： I can imagine some new things to add or put something together.
＿＿Q2： I can imagine some new things making modifications or applying.
＿＿Q3： I can imagine some new things using new methods.
＿＿Q4： I can imagine some new things making it simple.
＿＿Q5： I can imagine some new things changing viewpoints.
＿＿Q6： I can imagine some new things using new tools.
＿＿Q7： I can imagine some new things using something from other domains.
＿＿Q8： I have the ability to challenge myself to new things.
＿＿Q9： I want to challenge myself to new things.
＿＿Q10：I can carry out new things.
＿＿Q11：I can imagine various ideas.
＿＿Q12：I am ready to begin new things.
■Total Score （ ） ■Creative Skills （ ） ■Creative Self-efficacy （ ）
Factor M SD α Ht
CFS All （Q01-12） 46.2 9.4 .90 .48
Creative Skills （Q01-Q07） 28.7 5.5 .87 .54
Creative Self-efficacy （Q08-Q12） 17.5 4.9 .84 .57