1. Television Broadcasting
Television broadcasting started in the United Kingdom in 1936 as public service
free of advertising. Now there is a collection of free and subscription services over
a variety of distribution media, There are 27,000 hours of domestic content
produced a year at a cost of £2.6 billion. There are many channels such as channel
5 the owners of this are northern & shell it plays in 4 advertising region. Northern
& shell also owns three entertainment television channels: Channel 5, 5* and
5USA. The company also owns Portland TV, which owns the adult TV channels;
Television X, Red Hot TV, and others. Another channel is Channel 4, the owners of
this channel are Channel Four Television Corporation, this company also owns
other TV corporations such as more 4, film 4, 4seven, e4, 4music and channel 4+1.

2. National Television broadcasting
There are many national television broadcasting channels across the UK and
some example of this are:
-BBC: Although the BBC provide channels the US they mainly stream
nationally across England Scotland and Wales.
-ITV: this is a national television channel with both shows produced and hired
from other companies.
Local Television Broadcasting
Some local television broadcasting channels are:
BBC London
BBC Scotland
BBC North Eastc

3. Public Service
Broadcasting
(The BBC)
The BBC is a public service in the UK. This is a company which has a purpose of
purely entertaining people rather than its commercials and advertising. The BBC’s
headquarters in London. This organization is the oldest in the UK and is the largest
broadcaster in the world by number of employees, with about 23,000 staff.
The BBC is publicly owned. The way the BBC make their money is via TV license.
This is a fee that everyone in the UK pays if they have any type of digital
technology that you can watch TV broadcasting on.

4. How Big is BBC Radio
BBC Radio reaches out to million of people across the united kingdom. BBC radio is
one on the most listened to radio companies in the UK. These are some statistics
showing the success and the expansion and development of BBC on their radio
platform:

5. National Television
Channels

6. Digital TV Channels

7. Regional TV
Channels

8. International
presence
International television is TV broadcasting
around the world. There are thousands of
channels internationally and this is
gradually increasing every year due to the
fact that television has become a normal
facility in any home.

9. BBC License Fee
BBC do not work like any other radio or
television broadcaster in the UK. Unlike
other companies the BBC earn their
finances from a fee that everyone with a
digital device at home has to pay. This
fee is about £145.50 yearly.
The advantages of earning your money from
TV license is that it is a fixed amount yearly
and they will not loose money. There only
way possible of loosing money is if everyone
in the UK threw away their televisions and
never watched TV. This is an advantage
because this means that the BBC will never
go bankrupt or struggle with finances
because they can easily budget due to the
fixed amount of money coming in.
The purpose of the BBC is purely
entertainment purposes and not for
commercial advertisements. They
produce their own shows and broadcast
them on various different channels that
they own.

10. What is Commercial TV
Commercial TV is TV channels and television broadcasting that is run by
advertisements and commercials. Majority of the channels across the
world earn their money from advertisements and this all relies on the
amount of viewers that the channel gain and loose. The more viewers a
channel has the bigger companies will want to advertise on your channel
which equals to more money.
Some Commercial
Television Channels

11. Effects of relying on advertising
revenue
An effect for relying on advertising revenue for TV broadcasting is that
the company that owns the channel need to rely on the number of
viewers they have. This is because companies such as ITV, channel 4 and
channel 5 earn all their finances from all the advertisements. They rely
on the revenue to fund for their channel. The better the show that they
can produce they will attract larger companies hence they can afford
better shows and gain more viewers.
Smaller companies cannot advertise on national channels such as ITV
because the price range to advertise on a channel such as ITV is very
high. On the other hand it is very much possible that small companies
can have a chance to advertise on ITV because it may be less costly
when children are at school and when adults are working.

12. Do these owners companies have a presence on other media
platforms
BBC: BBC are on other media platforms such as radio e.g. BBC
radio 1,2,3,4,5 and 5live.
ITV: they are on different platforms such as the web. They have
ITV player and their own website with information for people to
see.

13. Channel 4 Television
Company Limited and IBA
Channel Four TV corporation is a large media company that is publically owned. This company is
headquartered in London, United Kingdom. Its original and principal activity is the British national
television network Channel 4. The company was founded in 1982 as Channel Four Television
Company Limited, a completely owned subsidiary of the IBA, and became an independent legal
corporation in 1993. They own Big companies such as channel 4. The IBA appointed and regulated a
number of regional programme TV contractors.
Channel 4 financially depend on advertisements to run there channels or too keep the company
going. This is how most television programs earn there money. They use this money for production
and to buy shows to display on their channel but channel 4 are mainly making their own productions
although they do buy a few shows from American companies.