5. 机架式服务器内存容量
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2 ×CPU服务器,768 GB内存,内
存价格 $6,000
• 4 ×CPU服务器,1.5 TB内存,内
存价格$12,000
• 8 ×CPU服务器,3 TB 内存,内存
价格$24,000
服务器具备大容量内存的扩展能力,
价格已在可接受的范围之内,内存
时代已经来临。
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4 IVY Bridge,1.5 TB内存
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2 Intel IVY Bridge处理器,768 GB内存
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12×32GB
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12×32GB
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8 IVY Bridge,3 TB内存
•
2014年间,DDR3内存价格将有13%的下降
DDR4内存价格将有10%的下降
Source: http://wccftech.com/intel-broadwell-supports-ddr4-memory-server-platforms-arriving-consumers-2014/
华东师范大学云计算与大数据研究中心
7. 具有充沛的计算能力
众核处理器架构
Logical
Processor 1
Arch states
(Registers)
Logical
Processor 2
Logical
Processor 1
Arch states
(Registers)
ALU
Arch states
(Registers)
…
Logical
Processor 2
Arch states
(Registers)
ALU
Cache(s)
Cache(s)
Core 1
Core n
Cache(s)
Source: http://2.bp.blogspot.com/-liLwtV_GT_o/T5CSRWJqxoI/AAAAAAAAAPk/6dEJ6kvyzzc/s0/IntelsMulticoreReality.png
NUMA RAM
单CPU,12核,24超线程,2.7Ghz时钟
频率已商用
• 单CPU具备的累积时钟频率:64.8Ghz
处理器技术已具备100核的扩展能力,但市
场依旧需保持单核的高频率(历史单线程
程序),但处理器已具备充沛的内存数据
处理能力,未来将更为富足
Number of Cores inside CPU
•
Source: In-memory data management: an inflection point for enterprise applications.
华东师范大学云计算与大数据研究中心
14. 通讯瓶颈实验
数据访问性能比较
数据记录大小影响
数据获取性能
硬件: 2CPUs, 16GB Memory,
Ethernet
1G bps
数据表: 4GB 表文件,包含可变长度的记
录,存储于本地磁盘和远端内存
Disk I/O Bottleneck: Vulnerable to the
random disk access
随机磁盘数据性能
干扰很大
Memory Wall: Vulnerable to the data
placement in the memory (partly because
of the length of the record)
Communication Wall: Limited network
bandwidth comparing to tremendous
large data movement in the cluster.
华东师范大学云计算与大数据研究中心