Taiwan's green energy ind alex tong itri 2012 10 31

台比綠能科技與商機研討會

Taiwan's Green Energy Industry
– Status, Strength and Opportunities

Alex Tong 童遷祥
Vice President and General Director
Green Energy and Environment Research Laboratories
Industrial Technology Research Institute

October 31, 2012
Copyright 2012 ITRI 工業技術研究院 1

Industrial Technology Research Institute
(ITRI)
 A non‐profit R&D institution
founded in 1973.
 A multidisciplinary research
center with six core
laboratories, eight
focus/linkage centers,
several leading labs and
various business
development units.
 Playing a vital role in
transforming Taiwan’s
economy from a labor‐
intensive industry to a high‐
tech industry.


ITRI Contributes to Industry Greatly

Unlike any U.S. agency, ITRI has the
sole mission of developing
technology for commercialization
purposes. In 2004, it had a budget of
$579 million, had spun off more
than 100 companies, and had sent
17,000 of its former employees
(trained in science and technology)
into the Taiwanese workforce.”

(from p. 7 of the PCAST report)

ITRI and Fraunhofer are the only two R&D
institutes high-lighted in the report!!!

Outline

 Challenges and Targets of Green Energy
 Current Status of Green Energy Industry
 Opportunities for Cooperation


Challenges and Targets of Green Energy


Grand Challenges for Taiwan
Adverse Impacts on Taiwan
 99% energy supply
relies on imports
 65% food importation
 Water resource
shortage
 Serious climate change
threats
 Disaster mitigation
 Low carbon society
Temperature rise in Taiwan was
planning in urgent 1.43°C in the last century, almost
twice the global average (about 0.6°C)
need
Source: Environmental Protection Administration,Taiwan,2009


CO2 Emissions in Taiwan
 Taiwan released 240 million tons of CO2 in 2009
 CO2 emission has grown 1.2% annually since year 2000, slower than annual
economic growth rate of 3.1%
 Taiwan ranks #6 globally by IMD in terms of green tech competitiveness

CO2 Emission and GDP of Taiwan (2009) CO2 Intensity in Taiwan (2009)
unit：kg CO2/1000 NTD
unit：1000 Ton CO2 unit：million NTD

300,000 15,000,000 CO2 Intensity
CO2 Emission GDP

22.0
250,000 12,500,000
20.0

18.0
200,000 10,000,000
16.0

14.0
150,000 7,500,000

12.0

100,000 5,000,000 10.0
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Source：Bureau of Energy, Monthly Energy Statistic 2010.

Green New Deal in Taiwan

 Consensus on a low carbon society
 CO2 emission reduction to the 2000 level by 2025, and to
half of the 2000 level by 2050
 Promotion of low carbon policy measures
 Enhance reduction measures (e.g. increase of energy
efficiency and saving) in industrial, residential &
commercial and transportation sectors
 Initiate the “National Energy R&D Program” to explore new
technologies and innovations
 Launch “Green Energy Industry Program” for
implementation and value creation
 Promulgate Renewable Energy Development Act in July
2009


Dawning Green Energy Industry Program
Five Strategies 2015 Target Value
1. Technology Breakthrough 37.4 billion USD
2. Critical Investment
3. Environment Infrastructure
4. Export Markets Expansion 2011 Production Value
5. Domestic Market Growth
13.4 billion USD
Main
Industry 2009 Production Value
PV, LED‐lighting 6.5 billion USD
Next Wave • World’s top two players
• Expand domestic
industry demonstration
2008 Production Value
Wind, Electric Vehicle, EICT 4.7 billion USD
Potential • Accelerate to become a trillion dollar industry
• Low‐carbon society demo site
Industry
Biomass, Hydrogen & Fuel Cell
• Strengthen research and development
• Enhance pre‐production and system verification
Source: BOE (2012/01)


Current Status of Green Energy Industry


Potential Green Energy Industries in Taiwan

Renewable Energy Energy Conservation
Industry Industry
 PV  LED Lighting
 Wind Power  Smart Green Building
 Bio‐energy  EV / LEV
 CCS  Smart Grids
 Energy Storage System  Energy‐saving Services
 H2 & Fuel cell


Taiwan’s Solar Photovoltaic Industry
 Taiwan ranks #2 in PV cell production with 4.3GW production and 12%
growth rate in 2011
 BOE launched the “Million Rooftop PVs Promotion Office” in March to
increase domestic PV market
 Taiwan has a complete PV industry supply chain. Developing high‐efficiency,
low‐cost technology is the key strategy to Increase our competitiveness

6 12 54 17 100
Companies Companies Companies Companies Companies
Source：GEL, ITRI (2012/4)


Cost‐performance Leader in PV industry
 Non vacuum, printed CIGS Solar Cell ＜USD 0.4/Wp
 Easy for composition control
 Low equipment investment
 95% (non‐vacuum) vs 30% (vacuum)
materials utilization

 Leading non‐vacuum process and efficiency
 Printed CIGS + Cd‐free buffer
 14.2 % efficiency (5cm*5cm)
 Flexible module

Completed! Completed! Developing!

Printed CIGS Cd‐free In (Ga)‐free


Taiwan’s Wind Power Industry
 Accumulated installation of  onshore wind power system in Taiwan has reached
563.75MW  between 2000~2011.
 Total output values of wind power products in 2011 came to around NTD 6.6 billion
with 80% went to components, 15% to materials and 5% to the remaining systems.
 BOE launched the “Thousand Wind Turbines Promotion Office” in March to increase
domestic wind power market
 The large scale development of offshore wind power is the global trend .

Wind Power Industry Chain Accumulated Installation
(MW)
Equipment      Service System 600
(55) (23) (6) 500

400
Material Wind Farm
Maintenance 300
operation
200
Component/ Wind simulation
Sub‐system and assessment 100

0
Turbine
2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
system
Source：GEL, ITRI (2012/3)


Offshore Wind Power Potential in Taiwan

 Shallow water (5‐20 m)
 Area : 177,920 ha
 Capacity : 9 GW
– 2.7GW in Phase 1 (～30%)
9GW
 Medium deep water (20‐50m)
 Area : 654,700 ha
 Capacity : 48 GW
– 6.3GW in Phase 2 (～13%)
 Deep water (50‐100 m)
 Area : 1,195,400 ha
 Capacity : 90 GW
– 12GW optional (～13%)

Source: ITRI/GEL(2011/04)
※Estimated within 12 mile with a wind farm layout in 4D×10D(D: Rotor dia.,100m), turbine size is 3MW.

Current R&D for Offshore Wind
Technology challenge: cost of energy ≦NTD 4/kWh

 Lower initial capital cost 
Lighter tower head mass
 Novel drive‐train design : HTSG + Direct
drive
 Hybrid blade : carbon/glass fiber hybrid
design for typhoon resistant

 Lower O&M cost  Higher
reliability and availability
 Intelligent maintenance : fault
prognosis, health monitoring, Source: USDOE (Department of Energy)
“A National Offshore Wind Strategy: Creating an Offshore
preventive maintenance Wind Energy Industry in the United States. February 2011”
 Typhoon resistant design : typhoon
load‐spectrum, fatigue‐resistant blade


Why Bio‐Butanol?
World Leading 3rd Generation Biofuel Technology
 Global bio‐ethanol production: 86.5 billion liter (2010); 134
billion liter (2020)*
 Superior fuel properties to ethanol
 Compared to ethanol, butanol with higher energy content, less
evaporative, less corrosive, higher hydrophobic
 Challenges
 Low productivity of bio‐butanol and fossil butanol is not
sustainable

Ethanol Butanol Gasoline
Molecular formula C2H5OH C4H9OH ‐‐‐
Heating Value (kcal/L) 5,600 6,600 7,700
Air to fuel ratio 9 11‐12 12‐15
Rvp (psi@100 F) 2 0.33 4.5

* Source: OECD and FAO Secretariats, 2011


ITRI’s Bio‐butanol Technology
Innovative pathway results in 50% increase in feedstock utilization

 Ethanol is called “Half‐ Innovative Traditional Traditional
Pathway Butanol Pathway Ethanol Pathway
Burn Fuel” since 1/3 of Glucose
feedstock carbons turn Pyruvate
to CO2 during C6H12O6
H2
C6H12O6
2 CO2
fermentation Acetate Acetyl-CoA Ethanol
2 CO2
 ITRI’s Carbon Loss‐Free Acetoacetyl-CoA Acetone
Pathway (game‐changer) CO2
1.5 Butanol 2 Ethanol
 Theoretical carbon Butyrate Butryl-CoA Butanol
yield is 100% (50% C6 → 1.5 C4 C6 → C4 + 2 CO2 C6 → 2 C2 + 2 CO2
higher carbon
utilization) Carbon Yield (%)
Theoretical Microorganism
 Provides butanol ‐ a Current
maximum
superior fuel ITRI’s Process 83 100
Acclimatized
Bacteria
Literature* 45-57 66.7 GMO (E. coli)
Ethanol Process 64 66.7 Yeast


Bio‐butanol Business Model
Creating advantages of carbon credit business by Innovative technology
Advantages of Industrial Production
 Current experimental results indicated a carbon yield of 83%, improves the
feedstock utilization significantly
 Existing ethanol process can be switched to the new process by minor
modification
Business Model
Technology Overseas Licensed
Investment Production
ITRI Joint Venture Major Alcohol
Company Royalty
Producers
Local (Carbon credit or (ITRI DNA)
Overseas JV Butanol)
Industry Capital
New Butanol
Facilities
Benefit
 Based on a penetration rate of existing ethanol production of 3% per annum
and take over 30% share of new installed capacity, the income in 2025 will
be 2.88 billion liters of gasoline equivalent, ~15% of transportation fuel in
Taiwan

Carbon Storage Potential in Taiwan

Taoyuan Saline Aquifer

Estimated CO2 storage capacity in YHS Gas Field (CPC)

the western part of Taiwan TCS Gas Field (CPC)

CB Industrial Park (TPC)
 Onshore oil and gas structures: 2,800 Potential demonstration
sites for CO2 storage
Mtons
 Coastal and offshore deep saline
aquifers: 9,000 ~ 68,000 Mtons

Most power plants and industrial parks are
located in the western part of Taiwan, where
suitable enhanced gas recovery (EGR),
sedimentary basins and rock formations for CO2
storage are abundant.


Carbon Capture Business Model
‐ Calcium looping by Cement Industry
Leading business model for scale‐up and commercialization

 Innovative business model and
benefit
 Engaging cement industry (1.9 MW
pilot) for synergy
 Zero adsorbent cost and low
storage
energy consumption in carbon
capture reduce the capture cost
form US$ 45 to US$ 26 /t CO2
 28 Mts CO2 reduction potential in 2025 Target Market
ITRI
 Core technology IP
 Patented technology of low‐energy BP
Power plant

calcium looping cycle for post‐ Power Industry Cement Engineering Cement industry
Company
combustion carbon capture Industry Petrochemical,
Steel industry
 Advanced oxy‐fuel calcination
technology CCS Business Model


Advanced R&D on CCS
Seeking Leading‐edge Technologies

 Metal‐Organic Framework (MOF) as absorbent
 MOF synthesis and microstructure control
 MOF characterization and performance evaluation
 600 kW MOF‐based test bed setup

 CO2 reuse
 CO2 as feedstock for fertilizer and chemicals
 CO2 as feedstock for electric fuel synthesis

 CO2 sequestration
 Earthquake‐caused leakage prevention
 Aquifer for CO2 sequestration

MOF: Metal‐organic Frameworks


Taiwan’s LED Lighting Industry
 The world’s third largest packaging revenue, the second largest value of
the production
 The production value of Taiwan’s LED industry was NTD 134.6 billion
(US$ 4.5 billion) in 2011, and expected to reach NTD 200 billion this year
(US$ 6.7 billion) , about a 50 percent increase
 LED lighting is likely to account for 30 percent of the global market by
2015, and LED light sources and fixture costs are the key.
HB LED Component supply LED Lighting Industry Chain
Korea Taiwan/ others in North America Japan
China Asia /Europe

Around 40 Around 90 Around 600
Companies Companies Companies

Source: SEMI Taiwan


Technologies for Smart Green Building
Integration of Insulation, High efficiency PV
lighting, and HVAC
Grid connectivity

Smart Energy Management

Smart Meter

Energy Storage

S/W & Tools for
System Simulation

Wireless Low E Facilities & LED Lighting System
Monitoring Management System Integration
Platform

Opportunities for Cooperation


Cooperation between Taiwan and Europe

Taiwan’s Strength Europe’s Strength

 Dynamic small‐and‐
medium enterprises  European Union (EU) ‐
Unity and diversity
 Strong high‐tech
industries &  Institutes and
broadband universities for
penetration innovation leadership
 Well‐developed PV  Large system
and LED manufactures integration
experiences

Leverage both strengths to create a win‐win situation

Business Opportunities – PV
Taiwan Europe

 Taiwan’s PV industry has reached scale of economics
 Excellent manufacturing capability and high product quality
 Complete up‐, mid‐ and downstream PV industry supply chain
 Government's policy in promoting PV industries

 Proposed Cooperation Model
 Technology Transfer
Non‐vacuum Cd‐free CIGS technology
 Products/process
High‐efficiency solar module, system
co‐production

Saddle‐shaped solar‐panel roof of 2009 World
Games Stadium, Kaohsiung, Taiwan (1000kW)

Existing Cooperation Programs

 The Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN),
Netherlands
 Wind Power, Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS), Bio‐energy
 Dutch Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO),
Netherlands
 Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS)
 Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre (IMEC), Belgium
 Photovoltaics (PV)


Thank you

圖片來源：http://www.flickr.com/photos/hanksun88/6608214497/

Taiwan's green energy ind alex tong itri 2012 10 31

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