FACULTY OF EDUCATION CHARLES STURT UNIVERSITY
Pedagogy and School Libraries
Judy O’Connell
9 October, 2015
Developing Agile Approaches in a Digital Age
flickr photo by clappstar http://flickr.com/photos/clappstar/5759395358 shared under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) license

Developing Agile Approaches in a Digital Age

School

flickr photo by Kay Kim(김기웅) http://flickr.com/photos/kaykim/3883340152 shared under a Creative Commons (BY) license
Change

Challenge

Challenge

"Gutenberg Parenthesis”
or ……Living the dream!

Eisenstadt (a Gutenberg scholar): the book did not take
on its own form until 50 years after it was invented by
Gutenberg. Printing was originally called "automatic
handwriting." [horseless carriage]

The Web at 25+
Overall verdict:
The internet has been a plus for society and an
especially good thing for individual users
http://www.pewinternet.org/2014/02/27/the-web-at-25-in-the-u-s/

http://pennystocks.la/internet-in-real-time/
http://pennystocks.la/internet-in-real-time/

Is the “Gutenberg Parenthesis”
a foundational concept that can
help us in reconceptualising
directions for school libraries?

Trends in knowledge
construction and
participatory culture

21c curriculum alignment =
digital information ecology
Agile approaches to connected
learning

21 C teacher librarian
flickr photo by giulia.forsythe http://flickr.com/photos/gforsythe/10310176123 shared under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-SA) license

not just a
discussion
about selfies
Robert Cornelius in 1839, believed to be the world's first selfie. Photograph: Library of Congress
digital footprint

chirp! a plant watering alarm
drone pilot locates missing 82-year-old man after three day search
not just a
about our
technology
man accused of murder asked Siri where to hide the body
living replica of Vincent Van Goh’s ear

welcome innovation
embrace change
meet the challenges of our global connected future
Developing Agile Approaches in a Digital Age

Thomas, D., & Brown, J. S. (2011). A new culture of learning: Cultivating the
imagination for a world of constant change (Vol. 219). Lexington, KY: CreateSpace.
“Information absorption is a
cultural and social process of
engaging with the constantly
changing world around us”. p47

When you stand at the door of your library
and look inside, do you see your school
library dream?
http://www.flickr.com/photos/planolibrary/3382581338/

What does your library look like, sound like,
and feel like - to your school community?
cc licensed ( BY SD ) flickr photo by heyjudegallery: http://flickr.com/photos/heyjude/480675657/

7 Things You Should Know About Makerspaces. (2013, April 1). Retrieved June 8, 2015, from https://net.educause.edu/ir/library/pdf/eli7095.pdf
Awesome effect!

changing their
reading
and
information
encounters

changing their
creative
encounters

In talking about school libraries and the
essential paradigm shift that is taking place,
Stanley (2011) highlights three areas of
influence:
Information fluency — using search engines
effectively; evaluating online information;
collaborating in virtual environments, and
delivering material resources online.
Digital citizenship — understanding
responsible and ethical use of information, and
maintaining safe online practices.
Digital storytelling — reading, writing and
listening to books in many formats; creating,
collaborating and sharing in a range of
mediums.
Digital influences
Stanley. D.B. (2011). Change has arrived for school libraries, School Library Monthly, 27 (4)4, 45–47.

Media literacy
nature and role of subliminal media effects
“The entire process is fundamentally rhetorical:
it concerns the transformation of an audience”
McLuhan, E., & McLuhan, M. (2011). Theories of communication. Peter Lang.
flickr photo by Striking Photography by Bo Insogna http://flickr.com/photos/thelightningman/4888770222 shared under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) license

Digital literacy
“reading and writing in a digital environment, in order
to position where the literacy action is taking place
and that it can be authentic, multimodal, far
reaching, multi-tool, and code interdependent”
Chase, Z., & Laufenberg, D. (2011). Digital literacies: Embracing the squishiness of digital
literacy. Journal of Adolescent & Adult Literacy, 54(7), 535–537

transliteracy is not about learning
text literacy and visual literacy
and digital literacy in isolation
from one another but about the
interaction of these literacies
Transliteracy

Information literacy
“the evolution of Web 2.0 and the revolution of social
media and social networking requires a fundamental
shift in how we think about information literacy”
Mackey, T. P., & Jacobson, T. E. (2014). Metaliteracy: reinventing information
literacy to empower learners. American Library Association.

comprehensive examination
approach to metacognition,
multiple intelligence theory, multi-
literacies, multiple literacies,
transliteracy, convergence and
multimodal literacy.
Metaliteracy

…..or any other bunch
of new literacies -
they really matter!

Heuristics for
instructional design!
Each of these has a common purpose to break overall
cognitive development process into parts that can more easily
structure educational processes and goals, and scaffold
learning and individual knowledge development.

Davies, A., Fidler, D., & Gorbis, M. (2011). Future work skills 2020.
http://www.iftf.org/our-work/global-landscape/work/future-work-skills-2020/

Evolving Learning Landscape
Current thinking about 21st century skills, and the learning
experiences that support their development, are essential
starting points for capacity building. A list of the workforce
skills presented by Davies, et al (2011, pp. 8-12) include:
• Sense-making
• Social intelligence
• Novel and adaptive thinking
• Cross-cultural competency
• Computational thinking
• New-media literacy
• Transdisciplinarity
• Design mindset
• Cognitive load management
• Virtual collaboration
http://www.iftf.org/our-work/global-landscape/work/future-work-skills-2020/

Sustainable learning involves
a pedagogic fusion between
environments, tools, formats
and meta-literacy capabilities.
(Mackey & Jacobson 2011)
Mackey, T P and Jacobson, T E 2011, ‘Reframing information literacy as a metaliteracy’,
College & Research Libraries, vol. 72, no. 1, pp. 62–78.

Foundation for young
Australians
2015
http://www.fya.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2015/08/fya-future-of-work-report-final-lr.pdf

Trends, challenges and
development in technologies
that will influence the future of
schools and libraries
NMC Horizon Reports
Using a modified Delphi process, a panel of 50+ education and technology
experts identify topics very likely to impact technology planning and decision-
making: six key trends, six significant challenges and six important
developments in technology.

Long-Term Impact Trends: next five or more years
• Rethinking how schools work
• Shift to deeper learning approaches
Mid-Term Impact Trends: next three to five years
• Increasing use of collaborative learning approaches
• Shift from students as consumers to students as creators
Short-Term Impact Trends: next one to two years
• Increasing use of hybrid/blended learning designs
• Rise of STEAM learning (Science, Technology, Engineering, the Arts and Mathematics)
http://www.nmc.org/publication/nmc-horizon-report-2015-k-12-edition/
Key Trends Accelerating
K-12 Ed Tech Adoption
unique opportunities for vision and leadership
Implications for Policy, Leadership, or Practice

Solvable Challenges: Those which we both understand and know how to solve
• Creating authentic learning opportunities
• Integrating technology in Teacher Education
Difficult Challenges: Those we understand but for which solutions are elusive
• Personalizing learning
• Rethinking the roles of teachers
Wicked Challenges: Those that are complex to even define, much less address
• Scaling teaching innovations
• Teaching complex thinking
Significant Challenges Impeding
K-12 Ed Tech Adoption
Increasing use of collaborative learning approaches

Time to Adoption: One Year or Less
• Bring your own device (BYOD)
• Makerspaces
Time to Adoption: Two to Three Years
• 3D printing
• Adaptive learning technologies
Time to Adoption: Four to Five Years
• Digital badges
• Wearable technology
Important developments
Shift of students as consumers to creators

Long-Term Impact Trends: next five or more years
• Increasing accessibility of research content
• Rethinking library spaces
Mid-Term Impact Trends: next three to five years
• Evolving nature of scholarly record
• Increasing focus on research data management
Short-Term Impact Trends: next one to two years
• Increasing value of the user experience
• Prioritisation of mobile content delivery
http://www.nmc.org/publication/nmc-horizon-report-2015-library-edition/
Key Trends Accelerating
Library Ed Tech Adoption
Implications for Policy, Leadership, or Practice

Solvable Challenges: Those which we both understand and know how to solve
• Embedding academic and research libraries in the curriculum
• Improving digital literacy
Difficult Challenges: Those we understand but for which solutions are elusive
• Competition from alternative avenues of discovery
• Rethinking the roles and skills of librarians
Wicked Challenges: Those that are complex to even define, much less address
• Embracing the need for radical change
• Managing knowledge obsolescence
Significant Challenges Impeding
Library Ed Tech Adoption
Evaluating digital services through user experience

Time-to-Adoption: One Year or Less
• Makerspaces
• Online learning
Time-to-adoption: Two to Three Years
• Information vizualisation
• Semantic web and linked data
Time-to-adoption: Four to Five Years
• Location intelligence
• Machine learning
Important developments
Growth of mobile technology and embedded curriculum

What is really at stake?

flickr photo by chrisfurniss http://flickr.com/photos/chrisfurniss/5554098017 shared under a Creative Commons (BY-NC) license

Learning today requires that education
is built on all kinds of reading and
connected information seeking

creative commons licensed (BY-NC-SA) flickr photo by kassemmounhem: http://flickr.com/photos/122638947@N08/13889171653
Learning today requires apps, devices,
information access, data repositories
sharing, networks and communication.

The digital age student who
can think critically, learn
through connections, create
knowledge and understand
concepts should be able to
actively participate in a
digitally enhanced society.
creative commons licensed (BY-NC-SA) flickr photo by kassemmounhem: http://flickr.com/photos/122638947@N08/13889171653

Library futures
https://youtu.be/_dv4KxkNCKI

The question is.....?

How should you, your library
AND technology connect?
cc licensed ( BY NC SA ) flickr photo by fatboyke (Luc): http://flickr.com/photos/fatboyke/2984569992/

More content, streams of data,
topic structures, (theoretically)
better quality - all of these in
online environments
require an equivalent shift in our
online capabilities.

56
“the first search result is clicked on twice as
much as the second, and the second twice
as much as the third”. Dan Russell, Google’s usability chief
cc
licensed
(
BY
NC
SD
)
flickr
photo
by
ecsta=cist:
h?p://flickr.com/photos/ecsta=cist/3722475127/

57
cc
licensed
(
BY
NC
)
flickr
photo
by
Cayusa:
h?p://flickr.com/photos/cayusa/1444806159/

..... because your knowledge and
my knowledge, based on what
search results we are served,
may be very different from each
other. Siva
Vaidhyanathan
in
The
Googlization
of
Everything,
Filter bubble!

Rather than simply identifying a useful page, these
systems try to pull the information from those pages
that might be what a user is looking for, and to make
this immediately apparent.
More informative results?

What’s the
story with the
yellow blotch?
SearchReSearch blog
http://searchresearch1.blogspot.com.au/
A blog about search, search skills, teaching search, learning how to search, learning how to
use Google effectively, learning how to do research. It also covers a good deal of sensemaking
and information foraging.

For several years people have
been fascinated by small, robot-
like figures popping up in city
streets and other innocuous
places. These figures, now
documented in flickr pools and
blog posts from cities arose the
world, can be attributed to
Stikman (sometimes searched for
and referred to as "stickman"), an
anonymous graffiti artist,
sometimes perhaps going by the
alias "Bob," who has been putting
these images up since at least
2006.
http://searchresearch1.blogspot.com.au/2013/01/wednesday-search-challenge-11613-whats.html
Search for 'painted
yellow man robot'
yielded 'stickman' for a
better explanation.
About 3 minutes
Reply

Agile approaches to your library
environments
Let’s talk about my favourites!
h?p://www.flickr.com/photos/tjt195/501975860/

When your formative years are spent working your fingers
through apps and iPads, smartphones and YouTube, the
digital world and its habits can bend and shape not just
how you access information, but how you
conceptualiseinformation discovery!
h?p://www.flickr.com/photos/tjt195/501975860/

Google Knowledge Graph
When you search, you’re not just
looking for a webpage.
You’re looking to get answers,
understand or explore.
Google alerts too!

Learn about the latest
additions to search so as to
get the most out of Google.
http://www.google.com/insidesearch/howsearchworks/
thestory/index.html

knowledge
encounters
helping students
broaden the scope
of their information
seeking

http://www.kidrex.org/

http://www.instagrok.com/

What else is really at stake?

learning
information
This is the connected world!

Personal learning environment –
relying on the people we connect
with through social networks and
collaborative tools e.g. Twitter,
Yammer.
Personal learning network –
knowing where or to whom to
connect and find professional
content
[learning] self

Personal web tools – used
for tracking our life and
powering our information
organisation e.g. photos to
Facebook, pictures to Flickr,
photos to Twitter
[learning] self

Microblogging
Social bookmarking and tagging
Collaborative writing
Information management – e.g. Endnote, Easybib, Zotero
Information capture on multiple devices – e.g. Evernote
Library resources or databases all used for information
collection, RSS topic and journal alerts, and compatible
with research organisation tools
Online storage for access across multiple platforms
[information] self

flickr photo by chrisfurniss http://flickr.com/photos/chrisfurniss/5554098017 shared under a Creative Commons (BY-NC) license
How do you get
where you want to
go?

it’s ok to start small

The Scout Report is the flagship publication
of the Internet Scout Research Group.
Published every Friday both on the Web and
by email subscription, it provides a fast,
convenient way to stay informed.
https://scout.wisc.edu/

http://oztlnet.com/
The OZTL_NET Discussion List is an email-based forum
for information professionals working in Australian schools.
It is supported by the teacher librarianship academic staff at
the School of Information Studies , Charles Sturt University.
Discussion is open to all members of the Australian TL
community and any people with a genuine interest in
teacher librarianship and/or school libraries.

http://www.smashwords.com/books/view/96705
A crowdsourced
collection of over 100
essays from around
the world about trends
in school libraries
written by librarians,
teachers, publishers,
and library vendors.

I need to search, scan, and
select the best resources I can
find for my own personal
interests, and by making my
choices available to others, I
create a resource for many
besides myself.It’s about knowing, learning,
sharing, and teaching, all in one.
Turn personal interest into a
community of interest
The Solution: Infotention Training
http://www.rheingold.com/university/mini-courses/

cc licensed flickr photo by assbach: http://flickr.com/photos/assbach/253218488/
Gather
Seek Follow
Explore
Cultivating inquisitive mindsets

http://delicious.com/hrheingold/crap_detection
‘crap’ detection
cc licensed flickr photo by selva: http://flickr.com/photos/selva/23816545/
Information labyrinth
Howard Rheingold
Nurture strategies for information fluency

Gapminder fact-based world view
http://www.gapminder.org/for-teachers/

http://www.google.com/publicdata
Google Public Data Explorer

http://www.livebinders.com/play/play/245623
Evernote for Educators
Digital librarian

Evernote in education Flipboard Magazine http://bit.ly/1cmL2Ki

h?p://23mobilethings.net/wpress/
Modelling
exemplary use of
social media,
search engines,
and collaborative
research strategies.

The natural limitations of search has
resulted in expansion of choice in
information curation.
The traditional social bookmarking sites like
diigo, pearltrees, Scoopit, and others
enable users to save information.
Products like pinterest allow for collection
of visual artifacts, allowing users to
organize them into infinite categories.
http://www.teachthought.com/featured/how-google-impacts-the-way-students-think/
But recent software has taken this even further, with
apps like Learnist, mentormob, and even InstaGrok
providing more structure to how information is not only
discovered, but sequenced and applied.

Diigo is a social bookmarking site that allows users to collect bookmarks, annotate
them and share to groups or lists.
Pinterest is a pinboard-styled social photo sharing website. The service allows
users to create and manage theme-based image collections linked out to sites of
origin.
Learnist is a social curation and sharing site that integrates with other curation
opportunities such as Pinterest, LinkedIn, Google+, Twitter
Livebinders is a great way to creat your own information resources, evidence,
documentation, and more. It’s easy and it’s visual and a great opportunity for
collaborating, organising and sharing resources.
Scoop.it allows users to create and share their own themed magazines designed
around a given topic.

Diigo

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Flipboard Magazine
http://theedublogger.com/2013/06/12/flipboard/

http://trove.nla.gov.au/

http://archive.org/
Explore it all!

Europeana enables people to explore the
digital resources of Europe's museums, libraries,
archives and audio-visual collections.
http://www.europeana.eu/portal/index.html
Linked Open Data on the Web. The site currently contains
metadata on 3.5 million texts, images, videos and sounds.

Global Images
The key goal of The Commons is to share hidden treasures
from the world's public photography archives.
https://www.flickr.com/commons

Create resource guides
Feedly is a great RSS feed reader to help you monitor lots of resources quickly.
Smore or Tackk works well to create newsletter types of pages where you can add new
resources and news.
Flipboard Magazines allow you to create collections of articles, links to resources,
images, news and more. Users can subscribe and get updates in a variety of ways,
depending on the source.
Tumblr blog – it’s easy to add notes, photos, links to articles to a tumblr. Your audience
can subscribe to update through their own tumblr account, visit it via it’s URL or via an
RSS feed
Diigo Groups – Bookmark items in Diigo and add items to a diigo group that your
audience can subscribe to updates via email or RSS.
RSS magic – Anything with an RSS feed gives you lots more options. Readers can
subscribe via their own feed reader or email. And you can display updates in a widget on
your web/wiki pages.
https://cooltoolsforschool.wordpress.com/thing-22-create-a-resource-guide/

Flickr

http://www.periodicvideos.com/
Periodic Table of QR codes on Flickr

https://www.tineye.com/

Find free images online http://judyoconnell.com/find-free-images-online/
PhotoPin – My first stop for photo searching. Very easy to use
and searches a number of sources for CC licensed photos.
CC search – search for images, video and music from one
search page. Handy!
Flickr advanced search – Scroll to the botton of the screen
and select the Creative Commons setting & “Find content to
modify, adapt, or build upon”
Image search tools

• Post photos of school & community events.
• Create a school group on Flickr for students & staff to share photos
of events.
• Hold a “Day in the Life” event where the community shares photos
representing one day in the life of the school.
• Photos to chronicle library/school renovations and keep community
up to date.
• Share photos of art work and crafts created by students.
• Book spine poetry photos. :)
• Scan & post historic photos and ask community to share memories
through the comments feature.
• Join other groups or share your own class groups!
• Share ideas for library displays, program ideas and more.
• Create slide shows that can be embedded on your web page
• Create your own favourites collection
• Public photo sharing sites like flickr are great resources for Creative
Commons licensed images to use in presentations.

Spell with Flickr
http://metaatem.net/words/
http://bighugelabs.com/

Creative Commons
Creative Commons licensing allows for reuse of a image
(and other intellectual content) under certain conditions.
The licensing is easy to understand and having students
select how they want to license their own work is a great
way to get students thinking about copyright, reuse and
attribution.

Creative commons
licenses work as “some
rights reserved rule
instead of “all rights
reserved” rule.
Diverse set of license
conditions with a range
of freedoms and
limitations.
http://creativecommons.org/

Digital content curation and communication
The benefits of
content curation
is that you don’t
re-invent the
wheel - you
share!
Model the future!

Curriculum projects
The focus of the project was to facilitate deeper learning in our students by creating an
‘authentic learning’ experience to strengthen writing and literacy skills across the
curriculum. In English, students learned about the literary conventions of forensic fiction in
their crime novel, Framed, and how to use them to solve a crime. In Science, students
learned about how use a variety of scientific methods including analysing dental records,
fragments and fibres, fingerprinting, shoe-printing and DNA samples in order to solve a
crime.
Body in the library

Curriculum projects
Each boy received a forensic workbook –
containing a range of materials for
examination such as crime reports,
witness statements and a coroners
report. In addition the ‘crime scene’ was
taped off, with key evidence on display
e.g. fingerprints, the location of the body,
and places where DNA was found.
Photographic evidence included the
injury reports (fake bruising and blood on
the victim), video footage of the scene of
the crime (staged by students and
teachers) and also hard hitting
interviews.

Curriculum projects
O’Connell, J. (2011). Body in the Library': A cross-curriculum transliteracy project, in
L.Marquardt & D. Oberg (Ed.) Global Perspectives on School Libraries: Projects and Practices,
Berlin, New York : De Gruyter Saur.
English curriculum
• Study of forensic fiction and different sub -genres of mystery fiction
(this also provided an opportunity for supporting literature displays in the
library)
• Study of famous fiction forensic films/novels/characters
• Character and plot analysis, including the relationships of clues,
events, and people in solving a crime.
Science curriculum
• Study of forensic science and the scientific method required (this provided
an opportunity for non-fiction book displays in the library)
• Crime scene basics, protocol, techniques, scientific evidence.
• Police techniques for investigating a murder. i.e., interviews, ID parade,
CTV security images.

What is really at stake?

• Communication
–sharing thoughts, questions, ideas and solutions
• Curation
–collecting and reflecting on what we encounter
• Collaboration
–working together to reach a goal
–putting talent, expertise and ‘smarts’ to work
• Critical thinking
–looking at problems in a new way
–linking learning across subjects and disciplines
• Creativity
–trying new approaches to get things done
–innovation and invention

119
Developing agile approaches .....
http://libraryschool.libguidescms.com/hiddentreasures
Hidden treasures in
the global commons

120
The leadership support is out there .....

121
pedagogy and school libraries ….. WOW

heyjudeonline
Judy O’Connell
http://judyoconnell.com
Judy O’Connell