periodic table, trends, chemistry, education

1. Periodic Trends
Note Guide

2. How is the periodic table arranged?
 The
modern periodic table is
arranged by increasing atomic
number (protons).

3. Classes of elements
Metals

80% of the table!

Solids at room temperature (except for Mercury)
Nonmetals

Most are gases (except for Sulfur, Phosphorus, Bromine)
Metalloids

Similar properties to both metals and nonmetals
depending on the conditions

4. Periods and Groups

The vertical columns are called groups

The horizontal rows are called periods

5. The Representative Elements
 Groups
 For
1A – 7A
these elements
the group number
represents the
number of electrons
in the highest
occupied energy
level

6. Periodic Trends
 Atomic
size
(Distance between
nuclei)
 Increases
from top
to bottom (energy
levels increase)
 Decreases
from left
to right (electrons
get pulled closer to
the nucleus)

7. Periodic Trends

Ionization energy (energy required to remove one
electron)

Decrease from top to bottom

Increases from left to right (more attraction to nucleus
makes it harder to get that electron out!)

8. Periodic Trends

_Ionic Size (size of a
charged atom)

Cations (+) are always
smaller than the atom
from which they form

Anions (-) are always
larger than the atoms
from which they form

Increases from top to
bottom

Decreases from left to
right

9. Periodic Trends

Electronegativity (ability of an atom to attract electrons when in a
compound)

Decreases from top to bottom

Increases from left to right

10. Vocabulary Cards
 Periodic
Table
 Metal
 Nonmetal
 Metalloid
 Energy
Level
 Ionization
Energy
 Cation
 Anion
 Electronegativity
 Valence
Electrons

11. POST IT UP
How is electronegativity related to how
an element will react in a chemical
compound?
I S!
TH
OT
IG
IN
EE
DH
EL
P!