5. Pictures of Benzene Electrostatic potential surface Benzene molecular orbital In top picture notice a p orbital on each C atom. Bottom picture show the overlap of the p orbitals.
6. Orbital picture of benzene each carbon atom is sp 2 hybridized The resonance picture indicates why each C-C bond is the same length.
19. Different substituents These don’t have a common root name so alphabetize the name of the substituents. ortho-bromochlorobenzene para-bromonitrobenzene
20. Heat of hydrogenation data The low heat of hydrogenation means that benzene is especially stable – this extra stability is characteristic of all aromatic compounds.
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23. This molecule is non-aromatic It is cyclic, completely conjugated, non-planar, and contains 8 π electrons
24. This molecule is anti-aromatic Cyclic, planar, completely conjugated, and contain four π electrons.
37. Aromatic Question Thiamin, or vitamin B1, contains a five-membered, nitrogen-sulfur heterocycle called a thiazalium ring. Explain why the thiazolium ring is aromatic.