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Office Leasing Guide | UK
                                  WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW BEFORE YOU SIGN
Colliers International                               Office Leasing Guide P. 1
THE OFFICE LEASING GUIDE

This step-by-step guide has been assembled
to reflect Colliers International’s knowledge
of the leasing process. You’ll find information
on tenant improvements, common pitfalls,
timelines and frequently asked questions.

The knowledge in this handbook will help
you make a major business transition with
minimum disruption.




P. 2 Office Leasing Guide                         Colliers International
Contents




>4         ALLOW US TO INTRODUCE             >7     THE OFFICE LEASING PROCESS                    > 13   DESIGN AND PROJECT
           OURSELVES                                Four steps to business productivity                  MANAGEMENT
           About Colliers International                                                                  Create the space to meet your visitor
                                             >8     DETERMINE YOUR PROPERTY NEEDS
>5         GETTING STARTED                          Take your requirement from notion to motion   > 14   TRANSLATING THE LINGO
           Making educated decisions about                                                               Glossary of terms and frequently
           your business space                                                                           asked questions
                                             > 10   EVALUATE MARKET ALTERNATIVES
                                                    Inspect and compare your options
>6         TOP 10 TENANT MISTAKES                                                                 > 19   RELOCATION CHECKLIST
           Avoid these common blunders                                                                   Your step-by-step guide
           in your leasing process           > 12   COMMIT TO PREMISES
                                                    Completing or varying your lease
                                                    documentation; commencing the
                                                    full design process




Colliers International                                                                                                        Office Leasing Guide P. 3
Allow Us to
Introduce Ourselves
ABOUT COLLIERS INTERNATIONAL




WHO IS COLLIERS INTERNATIONAL?                                                                                  WHY ENGAGE OUR SERVICES?

We are an award-winning team of office leasing        Colliers International professionals are equipped with    Working with Colliers professionals saves you the
professionals with intimate knowledge of the local,   the skills, knowledge and tools to intelligently assess   time and confusion of dealing with multiple agents,
regional and global leasing markets. We bring an      your space requirements. We ensure that your leasing      landlords or consultants.
in-depth understanding of business needs and the      decision—whether to stay or relocate—is informed by
                                                                                                                Our comprehensive database contains information
leasing process.                                      both your business needs and a thorough market
                                                                                                                on every office listing, agent and landlord, providing
                                                      evaluation.
We are committed to creating a business solution                                                                exhaustive data about every opportunity that fits
that meets your organisation’s needs—now, and in      Colliers International’s culture of knowledge-sharing     your requirements.
the future. Your office space is more than just an    gives you access to experts in real estate management
                                                                                                                Our market knowledge provides forward-looking
address; it is where you make business objectives     services, project management, appraisal and valuation,
                                                                                                                analysis to help you take advantage of trends, and we
a reality.                                            and capital markets.
                                                                                                                offer a single point of accountability for your project
                                                                                                                to connect all of the specialists available to serve you.

                                                                                                                We are committed to accelerating your success.




P. 4 Office Leasing Guide                                                                                                                                 Colliers International
Getting Started
MAKING EDUCATED DECISIONS ABOUT YOUR BUSINESS SPACE




WHAT ARE MY OPTIONS?                             perception of your core values and elevate        improvement costs should be viewed as an          process for large or complex assignments,
                                                 your brand in the minds of customers and          organisational opportunity—a well-planned         in particular Design and Build schemes.
Stay put
                                                 other stakeholders.                               and executed office will adapt to your
If your current space satisfies your business
                                                                                                   organisation’s growth and changing needs          WHOM SHOULD I INVOLVE?
needs, but you are approaching the end of        Employee Retention
                                                                                                   and minimise churn costs.
your lease, consider renewing your lease.        With an improved work space, you will boost                                                         Your internal steering committee should be
We can help you ensure the space is              staff morale and productivity. Our market         Balancing your tenant improvement costs and       led by a senior employee, and supported by
available, and negotiate a new lease with the    research shows that even subtle changes in        their benefit to your organisation is critical.   decision-makers and influencers including
building owner.                                  the work environment create substantial           In addition, “make good” commitments will         human resources, IT, divisional heads and
                                                 gains in productivity, resulting in improved      affect your cash flow when exiting a lease.       staff. A single point of contact from your
Relocate
                                                 bottom-line financial performance.                These costs are covered in more detail later.     organisation, matched with a single point
The expiration of your lease offers you an
                                                                                                                                                     of contact at Colliers International, is ideal
opportunity to transform your business and
                                                                                                                                                     to make the process run smoothly.
create new efficiencies by relocating.           HOW MUCH WILL IT COST?                            WHEN SHOULD I START?
                                                                                                                                                     You may wish to conduct a survey of your
                                                 Operational Costs                                 Plan, Plan, Plan
                                                                                                                                                     staff to determine their needs, preferred
WHY SHOULD I RELOCATE?                           The negotiation of rent and tenant incentives     Whether you decide to stay or go, knowledge
                                                                                                                                                     work space amenities and location. Colliers
                                                 depends on the dynamics of your local             is key. Understand your current situation,
Business Needs                                                                                                                                       can survey your staff to determine the impact
                                                 market. In markets where over development         review other options, assess the marketplace
If your current space is too small, too large,                                                                                                       of relocation on commute times and employee
                                                 or economic conditions have created higher        context and negotiate with your current
or inflexible, a new office can energise your                                                                                                        retention.
                                                 vacancy, this favors tenants. In other markets,   landlord to optimise the end result.
organisation and act as a springboard for
                                                 low vacancy gives landlords the upper hand                                                          Professional real estate advice is a critical
improved productivity and operational cost                                                         The period required to conduct a lease
                                                 in negotiations. Contact your Colliers                                                              part of the project team. This will arm
savings. Additionally, market conditions may                                                       negotiation and relocate is three to six
                                                 professional for the market trends in your                                                          you with insight into the marketplace,
support the business case for relocation.                                                          months at a minimum. Depending on the
                                                 location.                                                                                           your alternative options and the financial
                                                                                                   size of your organisation and current
Brand Value Enhancement                                                                                                                              implications of the stay or go scenarios. A
                                                 Tenant Improvement and                            market conditions, you should begin this
The quality of your building and the tenant                                                                                                          skilled workplace strategist and design
                                                 “Make Good” Costs                                 process 18 to 24 months prior to your
improvements in your office space speak                                                                                                              professional will complete the team by
                                                 Your entry and exit strategy to a lease           lease expiration. It can take two years or
volumes about your organisation. A new                                                                                                               providing knowledge of productivity-enhancing
                                                 can greatly affect the real cost of your          more to complete the lease and relocation
building can strengthen your employees’                                                                                                              tenant improvements.
                                                 commitment. Workplace design and tenant




Colliers International                                                                                                                                                      Office Leasing Guide P. 5
Top 10
MOST COMMON MISTAKES MADE BY TENANTS




>1        Beginning the negotiation of a renewal     >5   Making inaccurate estimations of the          >8     Agreeing to terms prior to obtaining
          or new lease too late                           company’s space requirements                         a space planning perspective


>2        Lacking clearly defined business or real   >6   Failing to leave enough time at the end of    >9     Failing to allow for expansion space
          estate objectives                               the lease to fulfil “make good” obligations
                                                                                                        > 10   Lacking the knowledge of future
>3        Focusing exclusively on financial costs    >7   Acting too slowly once a decision is made,           opportunities; often, the best deals
                                                          and consequently missing out on                      are secured well in advance of space
>4        Failing to appoint a project leader as          opportunities                                        becoming available
          the internal single point of contact




P. 6 Office Leasing Guide                                                                                                                 Colliers International
The Office Leasing Process
          THREE STEPS TO BUSINESS PRODUCTIVITY




                                                                                   STEP TWO: Relocate
                                                                                   Confirm real estate requirement evaluation


                                                                                   Brief preferred lessors


                                                                                   Confirm development sites/existing building options and assess via inspections


                                                                                   Begin offer/counter-offer process


                                                                                   Short-list options, work with design consultant to evaluate space plan
               STEP ONE                                                   Choose


                Understand lease termination clause and exit costs
                                                                                                                                                                    STEP THREE
   Fact
                Understand your business needs
Finding
                                                                                                                                                                    Commit to new (or existing) premises
                Determine your property needs
                                                                                   STEP TWO: Renew                                                                  Complete new (or variation of) lease documentation
                Identify decision makers and confirm critical time path
                                                                                   Confirm existing premises as most desirable opportunity
                                                                                                                                                                    Complete tenant improvement design and project management
                Conduct requirement evaluation
                                                                                   Brief existing lessor

                Produce real estate brief
                                                                                   Confirm real estate requirement evaluation

                Evaluate market alternatives: Relocate or renew
                                                                                   Work with design consultant to evaluate space efficiency


                                                                                   Begin offer/counter-offer process




Colliers International                                                                                                                                                                            Office Leasing Guide P. 7
Step One
                            DETERMINE YOUR PROPERTY NEEDS




                            TAKE YOUR REQUIREMENT                       – Is your business growing              If the workplace design happens solely
                            FROM NOTION TO MOTION                         or shrinking?                         during the design and construction
                                                                                                                phase, only minimal gains are possible.
                            Skipping the planning stage triggers a      – What are your brand values?
                            number of the Top 10 mistakes most
                                                                        – What are your preferred
                            commonly made by office tenants. It                                                 INVOLVE KEY INTERNAL
                                                                          work settings?
                            is crucial to understand your property                                              DECISION-MAKERS
                            requirements through the process of         – What types of employees will
                                                                                                                Assemble a team with the breadth
                            evaluation and forecasting.                   you have in the future?
                                                                                                                of skills to drive the project. Involve
                                                                        – What will your technology             your experts in information technology,
                            DETERMINE FUTURE NEEDS                        requirements be in three years?       human resources and finance. They will
                                                                                                                be familiar with specific future trends
                            Commercial leasing decisions should         – Are you considering acquiring
                                                                                                                that may influence your requirements
                            consider medium- to long-range business       or merging with other firms?
                                                                                                                and decisions. Their involvement from
                            goals for leases running three years or
                                                                        – What effect will moving have          the outset will help clarify and focus
                            more. Guided by professional workplace
                                                                          on your customers and staff?          your brief and achieve internal buy-in.
                            strategists and space planners, the
                            process of constructing a real estate       By working through this concept         Be sure to appoint a project leader to
                            brief to achieve your business objectives   planning phase, you will achieve the    connect with your internal stakeholders
                            will consider questions including:          maximum benefit—both financial          as well as with your broker and
                                                                        and strategic—in the relocation or      consultants.
                                                                        reconfiguration of your office space.



P. 8 Office Leasing Guide                                                                                                                    Colliers International
CREATE A REAL ESTATE BRIEF                   An important element in developing this       –   Technical requirements                KNOW YOUR LOCAL MARKET
                                             brief is to audit your existing premises—     –   Timing                                AND COMMITMENTS
The briefing process begins with the
                                             creating a clear understanding of what’s      –   Communications infrastructure
documentation of your workplace                                                                                                      During this phase, you should
                                             working, and what’s not.                      –   Budget
requirements.                                                                                                                        familiarise yourself with local office
                                                                                           –   Environmental considerations
                                                                                                                                     market conditions and existing lease
  –   Growth projections                                                                   –   Other unique needs
                                             WHAT SHOULD BE IN YOUR BRIEF?                                                           commitments. By knowing the market
  –   Office space size                                                                    –   Signage/naming rights
                                                                                                                                     vacancy rates, supply projections,
  –   Space configuration                    Your real estate brief should consider        –   Term/renewals
                                                                                                                                     current rental rates and tenant
  –   Organisational vision                  a wide range of criteria:
                                                                                         Consider ranking each factor in terms       incentives, you will be in a better
  –   Cost parameters
                                               – Size of space                           of importance, as you may have to           position to evaluate various proposals.
  –   Timing
                                               – Tenant improvement needs                compromise on some items, depending
                                                                                                                                     Your Colliers International leasing
A well-prepared real estate brief will         – Number of employees                     on the options available. You can also
                                                                                                                                     professional can provide you with
synthesise these elements and translate          (maximum and minimum)                   assign a point value to each factor, with
                                                                                                                                     an office market presentation that
them into your property requirements.          – Image/quality/aesthetics                more points possible for the factors
                                                                                                                                     describes these factors, both in
The brief will expedite your decision-         – Location                                with greater importance. Your Colliers
                                                                                                                                     your local market and in the specific
making process. You will save considerable     – Parking                                 professional can help guide you through
                                                                                                                                     sub-markets you identify as most
time by inspecting and reviewing only          – Building services                       this evaluation process.
                                                                                                                                     desirable.
suitable properties.                           – Office hours
                                               – Security and access
Your brief also creates a framework
                                               – Lease structure preferences
to evaluate and compare your options.



Colliers International                                                                                                                                  Office Leasing Guide P. 9
Step Two
                             EVALUATE MARKET ALTERNATIVES
                             INSPECT AND EVALUATE YOUR OPTIONS



                             RELEASE YOUR BRIEF
                             TO THE MARKET                               your stated business objectives. Colliers
                                                                         has developed a range of decision-
                             To avoid dealing with multiple agents,
                                                                         making models and matrices. These
                             you can request that your Colliers
                                                                         tools dramatically improve efficiency
                             professional approach the market on
                                                                         in the evaluation process.
                             your behalf. With an intimate knowledge
                             of the market and a well-established
                             network of agents and owners, Colliers      FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
                             will act as a single point of contact to
                                                                         There are several ways to compare the
                             uncover all suitable space opportunities.
                                                                         financial aspects of leasing, including:
                             Your real estate advisor will also assist
                             in discussions with your existing           –   Gross rent per square foot
                             landlord regarding lease renewal            –   Net effective rent per square foot
                             options.                                    –   Total occupancy cost per square foot
                                                                         –   Total occupancy cost per employee

                             EVALUATE AND PREPARE                        Further detail on these measurements
                             A SHORT LIST                                is provided in the Frequently Asked
                                                                         Questions portion of this guide.
                             When analysing alternative premises,
                             consider timing, financial and other        Look beyond the square foot rate offered.
                             incentives that may be offered. A lease     Some office space is highly efficient,
                             renewal option should include expansion     enabling you to accommodate your
                             and contraction costs, as well as the       employees in less space. For example,
                             cost of reconfiguring or completely         you may require 5,000 square feet to
                             refurbishing your work space. Aim for       accommodate your staff in one building
                             a short list of three or four properties.   while another may be able to house
                                                                         them comfortably in 4,000 square feet.
                             Evaluate options against your brief,
                                                                         In this instance, it does not make sense
                             ensuring the property’s benefits match



P. 10 Office Leasing Guide                                                                              Colliers International
It is now a fundamental requirement
                                                                                                                                          that the office architecture supports the
                                                                                                                                          intellectual work demanded of employees
                                                                                                                                          and facilitates your organisation’s
                                                                                                                                          continuous improvement strategies.

to compare the two options based on        WORKPLACE DESIGN AND TENANT                  DETERMINE WORK SPACE                       – Provide an opinion of likely tenant
their rate per square foot. It is more     IMPROVEMENTS                                 EFFICIENCIES                                 improvement costs
effective to use a cost per employee
                                           It’s not all about cost. When evaluating     By conducting a design site audit of
lease analysis model.
                                           your property options, don’t forget to       the short-listed options, your workplace   TENANT IMPROVEMENT COSTS
Lease conditions such as “make good”       consider the intangible costs and benefits   designer will determine the work space
                                                                                                                                   Attaining a tenant improvement that is
requirements can also impact on the        for each property option.                    efficiencies for each property. This
                                                                                                                                   aligned with your organisation’s ideal
attractiveness of a particular option.                                                  process also produces sample tenant
                                           Your workplace designer can help you                                                    outcome depends on which components
(For more information on “make good”                                                    improvement designs prior to your
                                           evaluate each option’s impact on staff                                                  are viewed as necessary and what is
costs, please refer to page 14.)                                                        agreement on terms enabling you to
                                           productivity and communication,                                                         discarded during the design phase. It is
                                                                                        compare your options based on financial
                                           corporate identity, information                                                         critical that all aspects to be included in
                                                                                        and non-financial criteria.
COMPARE YOUR OPTIONS USING                 technology, communications performance                                                  the tenant improvement are assessed
A LEASE ANALYSIS MODEL                     and your customer base. If appropriately     Your workplace designer will provide the   to determine their contribution to the
                                           engaged at step one, your workplace          following services during this critical    overall objectives.
Colliers International has developed
                                           designer will have the maximum positive      evaluation phase:
a lease analysis model designed to                                                                                                 Equally important is the identification and
                                           influence on your workplace brief.
compare leasing options on a financial                                                  – Prepare a detailed existing tenant       evaluation of the potential components
basis, using an “apples to apples”         In today’s challenging business                improvement audit                        that are excluded. The identification of
approach. The model allows the             environment, it is critical that                                                        positive and negative components through
                                                                                        – Assess items suitable for re-use
comparison of proposals from multiple      organisations look beyond the traditional                                               the audit process provides the
                                                                                          in the improved office space
lessors, demonstrating the cost of the     view of office accommodation and the                                                    opportunity to maximise the
financial offer over the term of lease.    measurement standards normally               – Manage the pre-design process            effectiveness of the final result and
                                           applied.                                       including a review of local authority    minimise the cost of the tenant
This financial modeling takes into
                                                                                          approvals and code requirements          improvement.
account lease incentives, such as free     Your work space must also contribute
rent and capital contributions towards     to the development of team networks and      – Prepare selected site audits
tenant improvements, the total rent over   organisational learning systems.
                                                                                        – Prepare a “stacking and blocking” plan
the life of the lease including rental     In addition, the office systems must
increases, and the term of the lease       support organisational change efficiently,   – Prepare preliminary concept designs
including extension provisions.            and with minimal redundancy.
                                                                                        – Conduct building services audits



Colliers International                                                                                                                                 Office Leasing Guide P. 11
Step Three
                             COMMIT TO PREMISES




                             Completing or varying your lease          the workplace tenant improvement
                             documentation; commencing the full        process begins immediately. At this
                             design process.                           stage, you should have completed a:

                                                                         – Needs analysis
                             AGREE HEADS OF TERMS                        – Space plan
                                                                         – Test fit
                             Once the particulars of a lease
                             agreement are negotiated, both parties    This will enable you to engage a
                             will sign a copy of the Heads of Terms.   designer, who may be the workplace
                             This document is generally not legally    designer, with accurate information
                             binding but is a gesture of good faith    regarding your requirements. The
                             that terms have been agreed. When         sooner a designer is engaged, the
                             signed, this document will be used to     better the outcome.
                             brief lawyers so that the final lease
                                                                       It is vital that this stage is viewed as an
                             documents can be prepared.
                                                                       investment in the organisation’s future
                                                                       and not merely a tenant improvement.
                             WORKPLACE DESIGN ISSUES                   The development of work space should
                                                                       be directly linked with your
                             When a lease agreement is complete,
                                                                       organisational strategy.




P. 12 Office Leasing Guide                                                                                           Colliers International
Step Four
DESIGN AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT




The final stage of the process provides      – Detailed construction timeline     BID REVIEW PHASE                          – Project manage delivery program
the perfect opportunity to re-think office     preparation
                                                                                  – Determine agreed tender review panel    – Project completion/occupation
imperatives and promote organisational
                                             – Documentation for building owner
effectiveness, community, communication                                           – Review and assess tender responses      – Oversee practical completion
                                               and lawyers
and productivity.
                                                                                  – Tender management and analysis          – Inspection and sign-off
                                             – Stakeholder coordination
                                                                                                                            – Manage the identification and
DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND
                                                                                  CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION                     completion of all outstanding
CONSTRUCTION APPROVAL                        DETAILED DESIGN AND
                                                                                                                              and defective works
                                             DOCUMENTATION PHASE                  – Manage the delivery process
– Engagement and full briefing of all
                                                                                    and administer contracts                – Cost reporting and final accounts
  other specialists and consultants          – Preparation of documentation
                                               for a construction tender          – Appoint all approved contractors        – As-built drawings, operating manuals,
– Commencement of detailed design
                                                                                    and suppliers including head tenant       guarantees and warranties
                                             – Finalise furniture selection
– Development of finishes selection                                                 improvement contractor
                                                                                                                            – Final inspection and completion
                                             – Finalise the selection of tenant
– Short list of furniture options                                                 – Coordination of all required meetings     of works at the end of the defects
                                               improvement finishes
                                                                                                                              liability period
– Review of likely tenant                                                         – Coordination of quality control
                                             – Obtain building and construction
  improvement costs                                                                 inspections
                                               consents
                                                                                  – Cost and variation management




Colliers International                                                                                                                        Office Leasing Guide P. 13
Translating the Lingo
GLOSSARY OF TERMS



BUILDING CONSENT                                INCENTIVE                                          columns, toilets, cupboards, plant/motor            RENT REVIEW
Approval from the relevant authorities for      An inducement offered by the landlord to           rooms, public spaces and service areas. It          The method by which your rent can vary
carrying out building work on the premises,     attract tenants to the building. This can          excludes areas dedicated as public spaces or        during the term of the lease. This can be a
usually for tenant improvements.                be offered in a variety of ways, such as           thoroughfares such as building service areas.       market rate review, a predetermined figure
                                                through a period of free rent or capital                                                               or a rate fixed to an index such as the CPI
                                                                                                   Gross Internal Area (GIA)
                                                contribution from the landlord.                                                                        or RPI. The review structure is agreed prior
CAP AND COLLAR                                                                                     GIA (measured in square feet or square
                                                                                                                                                       to lease commencement.
A term and method used in some market                                                              metres) is the floor space contained within
review clauses where rental increases are       LESSEE                                             each tenancy at each floor level by measuring
linked to indexation. It is a mechanism that    That legal entity, company or person whose         from the dominant portion of the outside            PLANNING CONSENT
puts a “cap” or maximum amount by which         name appears as the occupier or user of            faces of walls, to the centre line of the           Approval from the local planning department
the rent can be increased, or a “collar,” the   space on the formal lease document, binding        internal common area or inter-tenancy walls.        with regard to proposed building works
minimum the rent can increase, on the           the lessee to the terms and conditions stated                                                          or changes in the permitted use of the
rental rate review date.                        therein. Also known as the tenant.                                                                     premises.
                                                                                                   MAKE GOOD OR YIELD UP
                                                                                                   The lessee’s obligation to return the premises
NET EFFECTIVE RENT                              LESSOR                                             to their original condition prior to expiration     RIGHT OF RENEWAL
The rent payable under the lease accounting     The party whose name appears as lessor on          of the lease.                                       The lessee’s right to renew a lease for an
for all incentives but excluding all building   the formal lease document. The lessor is the                                                           agreed period of time prior to expiration of
expenses (i.e. business rates, utilities,       landlord or owner of the property.                                                                     the initial lease.
                                                                                                   OCCUPANCY RATIOS
service charge).
                                                                                                   A common ratio used to measure the tenant
                                                LEASABLE AREA                                      efficiency of individual building’s floor plates.   SERVICE CHARGE AND INSURANCE
GROSS RENT OR HEADLINE RENT                     Net Internal Area (NIA)                            This ratio is calculated by dividing the total      All other costs beside rent associated
The rent payable under the lease excluding      NIA (measured in square feet or square             net leasable area by the number of people           with insurance, operation, upkeep and/or
any incentives.                                 metres) is the useable floor space contained       who occupy a floor. Average occupancy               maintenance of the building, including air
                                                within each tenancy between the internal           ratios vary between 1:100 and 1:120 square          conditioning, elevator maintenance, common
                                                finished surfaces of permanent internal            feet per person.                                    area cleaning, security and electricity.
                                                walls and the internal finished surfaces of
                                                dominant portions of the permanent outer
                                                building walls. It generally excludes structural




P. 14 Office Leasing Guide                                                                                                                                                         Colliers International
STATUTORY EXPENSES
Statutory expenses include costs such as
business rates, water and sewer rates and
usage charges.


SUBLEASE/ASSIGNMENT
The mechanism under the provisions of the
lease allowing the lessee to find a suitable
replacement tenant. This is subject to lessor
approval and unless specifically stated, does
not limit your legal responsibilities during the
term of the lease.




Colliers International                             Office Leasing Guide P. 15
P. 16 Office Leasing Guide   Colliers International
Frequently Asked
Questions
HOW CAN I NEGOTIATE THE BEST DEAL?               WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN                    WHAT ADDITIONAL COSTS AM I                        WHAT IS A “YIELD UP” AND HOW MUCH
                                                 GROSS RENT, NET RENT, NET EFFECTIVE                 RESPONSIBLE FOR OVER AND ABOVE                    WILL IT COST?
By carefully selecting the right properties
                                                 RENT AND HEADLINE RENT?                             RENT AND OPERATING EXPENSES?
on your short list, you can create a                                                                                                                   A “yield up” clause is your (the lessee’s)
competitive environment to achieve the           GROSS RENT is the rent calculated inclusive         In addition to a pro-rata share of building       obligation to return the premises to its
most favorable lease agreement. Your             of all building costs. HEADLINE RENT is             operating expenses, you will generally be         original state upon completion of your lease,
Colliers International advisor can assist you    the quoted rental rate before taking into           responsible for electricity and other utility     usually excepting fair wear and tear of floor
throughout this process.                         account incentives or increases, whereas            charges and cleaning your own premises.           coverings.
                                                 NET EFFECTIVE RENT is the rental rate
                                                                                                                                                       If you are relocating, one of our building
                                                 averaged out over the term of the lease,
HOW MUCH SPACE WILL I NEED?                                                                          WHAT ARE THE RENT REVIEW PATTERNS                 surveyors will be able to assess “yielding
                                                 including consideration of rent-free periods
                                                                                                     FOR THE TERM AS WELL AS THE                       up” costs.
The amount of space you require will vary        or up-front incentives.
                                                                                                     RENEWAL PERIOD?
depending on the nature of your business
and the efficient use of space you select.                                                           Most lessors have a standardised lease            WHEN DOES THE AGREEMENT BECOME
                                                 WILL I BE ABLE TO SUBLEASE OR
As a rule you will require roughly 100 to                                                            document for their buildings, including a         LEGALLY BINDING?
                                                 ASSIGN MY LEASE?
120 square feet of space per employee.                                                               prearranged rental review pattern.
                                                                                                                                                       During a typical lease negotiation, leasing
                                                 Most commercial leases allow the lessee to
                                                                                                     Typically, the two most significant influencing   proposals are used as a medium to determine
                                                 sublease or assign their premises. Typically,
WHAT ARE MY TOTAL REAL                                                                               factors on rent review patterns are lease terms   terms and conditions acceptable to both lessor
                                                 the lessor is unable to unreasonably withhold
ESTATE COSTS?                                                                                        and the commencing rental. Rent review            and lessee. In the first instance this will
                                                 consent to the sublease/assignment. A prudent
                                                                                                     methods may include fixed increases,              usually be a set of agreed Heads of Terms,
In addition to your rent, you may also pay       lessor will consider the strength of the contract
                                                                                                     structured increases or reviews to market         outlining the salient terms of the lease.
for operating costs such as insurance, service   being offered by the incoming tenant and will
                                                                                                     levels. The Consumer Price Index (CPI),
and estate charges, business rates and           be reluctant to accept a sublease/assignment                                                          At this stage, the agreement may be
                                                                                                     or a margin over CPI, is another common
utility costs specific to your demise/use.       if it could potentially compromise their                                                              conditional. In some cases it may be
                                                                                                     structure.
                                                 financial position or security.                                                                       conditional on lessee and/or lessor board
                                                                                                                                                       approval, together with other approval
                                                                                                                                                       conditions.




Colliers International                                                                                                                                                       Office Leasing Guide P. 17
                                                                                                                                                                                      Office Leasing Guide P. 17
The lessee and/or lessor may not be legally
bound to commit to the premises until
the various conditions are satisfied. The
Heads of Terms, provides a framework by
which the lawyers will draw up the lease
documentation. The lease is only legally
binding when it has been signed and
executed by the lawyers.


HOW MUCH WILL MY TENANT FIT-OUT
WORKS COST?

This depends on the quality of the works
you require. Factors in the cost include the
quality of finishes selected, infrastructure
needs such as plumbing and wiring, and the
complexity of the requested build-out.




P. 18 Office Leasing Guide                     Colliers International
Relocation Checklist
A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE




PRELIMINARY                                         ˆ   Mail moving notices                           ˆ   Prepare labels for moving furniture               POST-MOVE
                                                                                                          and boxes to new locations
ˆ     Finalise lease for new location                   ˆ    Banks and financial institutions                                                               ˆ   Install and test telephone system
                                                                                                      ˆ   Assign move supervisors in each
ˆ     Notify present landlord of termination date       ˆ    Clients and customers                                                                          ˆ   Distribute new phone list and map showing
                                                                                                          department
                                                        ˆ                                                                                                       the locations of departments
ˆ     Advise staff of date and location of move              Professional organisations
                                                                                                      ˆ   Develop a master relocation project schedule
                                                        ˆ                                                                                                   ˆ   Install and test all computers
ˆ     Engage designer for new premises                       Credit accounts and credit cards
                                                                                                      ˆ   Schedule and implement a clean-up program
                                                        ˆ                                                                                                   ˆ   Do a detailed walk-through of the premises
ˆ     Create a master change-of-address list                 Insurance companies                          (purge files, dispose of trash)
                                                                                                                                                                and report any damage to moving company
                                                        ˆ    Accounts receivable and payable          ˆ   Schedule staff for unpacking, including
PRE-MOVE—GENERAL                                                                                                                                            ˆ   Transfer your insurance to the new location
                                                                                                          stocking supply cabinets, storerooms, file
                                                        ˆ    Newspaper and magazine subscriptions
ˆ     Reserve elevators and loading docks                                                                 rooms, and removing tags from all furniture       ˆ   Obtain Certificates of Insurance from your
                                                        ˆ    Telephone company and internet               and equipment to ensure your company will be          insurance company
      for moving day
                                                             service provider                             operational as rapidly as possible after move
ˆ     Tender and award moving contract                                                                                                                      ˆ   Confirm termination of old leases
                                                        ˆ    Prospects and special services           ˆ   Arrange for off-site storage of old files
ˆ     Tender and award telephone and                                                                                                                        ˆ   Collect parking passes, security cards and
                                                    ˆ   Hold a meeting at new premises three          ˆ   Pack contents of all filing cabinets and desks,       keys for the old facility. Confirm the return
      computer cabling
                                                        weeks prior to move. Bring in all parties         ensuring everything is properly labeled               of any deposits held by the landlord for
ˆ     Inventory existing furniture                      involved (design/construction/mover/cabling                                                             these items
                                                                                                      ˆ   Arrange for staff to tour new premises a few
                                                        company/information technology specialist)
ˆ     Code furniture and equipment on a                                                                   weeks prior to move                               ˆ   Audit final invoices against contracts
                                                        to ensure all details are covered and all
      colour-coded floor plan
                                                        responsibilities clear                        ˆ   Schedule post-move training for security, fire,   ˆ   Complete and file all warranty information
ˆ     Audit keys                                                                                          and life safety procedures at the new facility        for all new furniture and equipment
                                                    ˆ   Schedule public relations effort, including
ˆ     Order any new office furniture                    plans for news releases and an “office        ˆ   Distribute access cards and keys                  ˆ   Update fixed asset accounting system for
      and equipment                                     warming” party                                    for new premises                                      any new furniture and equipment purchased
ˆ     Order new stationery                          ˆ   Arrange for listing on lobby directory                                                              ˆ   Confirm the change-of-address
                                                        of new building                               MOVING DAY
ˆ     File change-of-address forms with post                                                                                                                    corrections made
      office and forward mail                       ˆ   Arrange for post-move cleaning                ˆ   Arrange with the building manager to have         ˆ   Schedule press release and client
                                                                                                          the air conditioning on during the move
ˆ     Check your insurance coverage for the move                                                                                                                announcement
                                                    PRE-MOVE—INTERNAL                                 ˆ   Remove computer equipment (server) and
ˆ     Advise suppliers (telephone, bottled water,
                                                                                                          phone system prior to arrival of movers and
      coffee service) of new address                ˆ   Organise a “staff moving committee” if
                                                                                                          commence reinstallation at new site
                                                        appropriate and delegate responsibilities
ˆ     Alert photocopier contractor
                                                                                                      ˆ   Draft an emergency contact list for vendors
                                                    ˆ   Schedule and prepare agenda for your
ˆ     Decide on security procedures for the move                                                          such as elevator maintenance, building
                                                        employee move orientation meeting
                                                                                                          management, utilities, telecommunications
                                                    ˆ   Finalise seating plan and identify                and moving company
                                                        each location


Colliers International                                                                                                                                                            Office Leasing Guide P. 19
Contact Details
                                                                                 Bill Kennedy MRICS
                                                                                 Managing Director (Joint)
                                                                                 bill.kennedy@colliers.com
                                                                                 +44 28 9051 1006




                                                                                 Ian Duddy MRICS
                                                                                 Director
                                                                                 ian.duddy@colliers.com
                                                                                 +44 28 9051 1003




                                                                                 Tracy Flannigan MRICS ACIArb
                                                                                 Director
                                                                                 tracy.flannigan@colliers.com
                                                                                 +44 28 9051 1001




Accelerating success
These notes contain a summary only of certain aspects of the subject matter. They have been prepared for the purposes of the guide and are not a substitute for legal advice on specific
facts. Great care has been taken in their preparation but no responsibility is accepted for any inaccuracies or omissions. (Feb 2011)

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Belfast Office Leasing Guide A4 Lr

  • 1. Office Leasing Guide | UK WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW BEFORE YOU SIGN Colliers International Office Leasing Guide P. 1
  • 2. THE OFFICE LEASING GUIDE This step-by-step guide has been assembled to reflect Colliers International’s knowledge of the leasing process. You’ll find information on tenant improvements, common pitfalls, timelines and frequently asked questions. The knowledge in this handbook will help you make a major business transition with minimum disruption. P. 2 Office Leasing Guide Colliers International
  • 3. Contents >4 ALLOW US TO INTRODUCE >7 THE OFFICE LEASING PROCESS > 13 DESIGN AND PROJECT OURSELVES Four steps to business productivity MANAGEMENT About Colliers International Create the space to meet your visitor >8 DETERMINE YOUR PROPERTY NEEDS >5 GETTING STARTED Take your requirement from notion to motion > 14 TRANSLATING THE LINGO Making educated decisions about Glossary of terms and frequently your business space asked questions > 10 EVALUATE MARKET ALTERNATIVES Inspect and compare your options >6 TOP 10 TENANT MISTAKES > 19 RELOCATION CHECKLIST Avoid these common blunders Your step-by-step guide in your leasing process > 12 COMMIT TO PREMISES Completing or varying your lease documentation; commencing the full design process Colliers International Office Leasing Guide P. 3
  • 4. Allow Us to Introduce Ourselves ABOUT COLLIERS INTERNATIONAL WHO IS COLLIERS INTERNATIONAL? WHY ENGAGE OUR SERVICES? We are an award-winning team of office leasing Colliers International professionals are equipped with Working with Colliers professionals saves you the professionals with intimate knowledge of the local, the skills, knowledge and tools to intelligently assess time and confusion of dealing with multiple agents, regional and global leasing markets. We bring an your space requirements. We ensure that your leasing landlords or consultants. in-depth understanding of business needs and the decision—whether to stay or relocate—is informed by Our comprehensive database contains information leasing process. both your business needs and a thorough market on every office listing, agent and landlord, providing evaluation. We are committed to creating a business solution exhaustive data about every opportunity that fits that meets your organisation’s needs—now, and in Colliers International’s culture of knowledge-sharing your requirements. the future. Your office space is more than just an gives you access to experts in real estate management Our market knowledge provides forward-looking address; it is where you make business objectives services, project management, appraisal and valuation, analysis to help you take advantage of trends, and we a reality. and capital markets. offer a single point of accountability for your project to connect all of the specialists available to serve you. We are committed to accelerating your success. P. 4 Office Leasing Guide Colliers International
  • 5. Getting Started MAKING EDUCATED DECISIONS ABOUT YOUR BUSINESS SPACE WHAT ARE MY OPTIONS? perception of your core values and elevate improvement costs should be viewed as an process for large or complex assignments, your brand in the minds of customers and organisational opportunity—a well-planned in particular Design and Build schemes. Stay put other stakeholders. and executed office will adapt to your If your current space satisfies your business organisation’s growth and changing needs WHOM SHOULD I INVOLVE? needs, but you are approaching the end of Employee Retention and minimise churn costs. your lease, consider renewing your lease. With an improved work space, you will boost Your internal steering committee should be We can help you ensure the space is staff morale and productivity. Our market Balancing your tenant improvement costs and led by a senior employee, and supported by available, and negotiate a new lease with the research shows that even subtle changes in their benefit to your organisation is critical. decision-makers and influencers including building owner. the work environment create substantial In addition, “make good” commitments will human resources, IT, divisional heads and gains in productivity, resulting in improved affect your cash flow when exiting a lease. staff. A single point of contact from your Relocate bottom-line financial performance. These costs are covered in more detail later. organisation, matched with a single point The expiration of your lease offers you an of contact at Colliers International, is ideal opportunity to transform your business and to make the process run smoothly. create new efficiencies by relocating. HOW MUCH WILL IT COST? WHEN SHOULD I START? You may wish to conduct a survey of your Operational Costs Plan, Plan, Plan staff to determine their needs, preferred WHY SHOULD I RELOCATE? The negotiation of rent and tenant incentives Whether you decide to stay or go, knowledge work space amenities and location. Colliers depends on the dynamics of your local is key. Understand your current situation, Business Needs can survey your staff to determine the impact market. In markets where over development review other options, assess the marketplace If your current space is too small, too large, of relocation on commute times and employee or economic conditions have created higher context and negotiate with your current or inflexible, a new office can energise your retention. vacancy, this favors tenants. In other markets, landlord to optimise the end result. organisation and act as a springboard for low vacancy gives landlords the upper hand Professional real estate advice is a critical improved productivity and operational cost The period required to conduct a lease in negotiations. Contact your Colliers part of the project team. This will arm savings. Additionally, market conditions may negotiation and relocate is three to six professional for the market trends in your you with insight into the marketplace, support the business case for relocation. months at a minimum. Depending on the location. your alternative options and the financial size of your organisation and current Brand Value Enhancement implications of the stay or go scenarios. A Tenant Improvement and market conditions, you should begin this The quality of your building and the tenant skilled workplace strategist and design “Make Good” Costs process 18 to 24 months prior to your improvements in your office space speak professional will complete the team by Your entry and exit strategy to a lease lease expiration. It can take two years or volumes about your organisation. A new providing knowledge of productivity-enhancing can greatly affect the real cost of your more to complete the lease and relocation building can strengthen your employees’ tenant improvements. commitment. Workplace design and tenant Colliers International Office Leasing Guide P. 5
  • 6. Top 10 MOST COMMON MISTAKES MADE BY TENANTS >1 Beginning the negotiation of a renewal >5 Making inaccurate estimations of the >8 Agreeing to terms prior to obtaining or new lease too late company’s space requirements a space planning perspective >2 Lacking clearly defined business or real >6 Failing to leave enough time at the end of >9 Failing to allow for expansion space estate objectives the lease to fulfil “make good” obligations > 10 Lacking the knowledge of future >3 Focusing exclusively on financial costs >7 Acting too slowly once a decision is made, opportunities; often, the best deals and consequently missing out on are secured well in advance of space >4 Failing to appoint a project leader as opportunities becoming available the internal single point of contact P. 6 Office Leasing Guide Colliers International
  • 7. The Office Leasing Process THREE STEPS TO BUSINESS PRODUCTIVITY STEP TWO: Relocate Confirm real estate requirement evaluation Brief preferred lessors Confirm development sites/existing building options and assess via inspections Begin offer/counter-offer process Short-list options, work with design consultant to evaluate space plan STEP ONE Choose Understand lease termination clause and exit costs STEP THREE Fact Understand your business needs Finding Commit to new (or existing) premises Determine your property needs STEP TWO: Renew Complete new (or variation of) lease documentation Identify decision makers and confirm critical time path Confirm existing premises as most desirable opportunity Complete tenant improvement design and project management Conduct requirement evaluation Brief existing lessor Produce real estate brief Confirm real estate requirement evaluation Evaluate market alternatives: Relocate or renew Work with design consultant to evaluate space efficiency Begin offer/counter-offer process Colliers International Office Leasing Guide P. 7
  • 8. Step One DETERMINE YOUR PROPERTY NEEDS TAKE YOUR REQUIREMENT – Is your business growing If the workplace design happens solely FROM NOTION TO MOTION or shrinking? during the design and construction phase, only minimal gains are possible. Skipping the planning stage triggers a – What are your brand values? number of the Top 10 mistakes most – What are your preferred commonly made by office tenants. It INVOLVE KEY INTERNAL work settings? is crucial to understand your property DECISION-MAKERS requirements through the process of – What types of employees will Assemble a team with the breadth evaluation and forecasting. you have in the future? of skills to drive the project. Involve – What will your technology your experts in information technology, DETERMINE FUTURE NEEDS requirements be in three years? human resources and finance. They will be familiar with specific future trends Commercial leasing decisions should – Are you considering acquiring that may influence your requirements consider medium- to long-range business or merging with other firms? and decisions. Their involvement from goals for leases running three years or – What effect will moving have the outset will help clarify and focus more. Guided by professional workplace on your customers and staff? your brief and achieve internal buy-in. strategists and space planners, the process of constructing a real estate By working through this concept Be sure to appoint a project leader to brief to achieve your business objectives planning phase, you will achieve the connect with your internal stakeholders will consider questions including: maximum benefit—both financial as well as with your broker and and strategic—in the relocation or consultants. reconfiguration of your office space. P. 8 Office Leasing Guide Colliers International
  • 9. CREATE A REAL ESTATE BRIEF An important element in developing this – Technical requirements KNOW YOUR LOCAL MARKET brief is to audit your existing premises— – Timing AND COMMITMENTS The briefing process begins with the creating a clear understanding of what’s – Communications infrastructure documentation of your workplace During this phase, you should working, and what’s not. – Budget requirements. familiarise yourself with local office – Environmental considerations market conditions and existing lease – Growth projections – Other unique needs WHAT SHOULD BE IN YOUR BRIEF? commitments. By knowing the market – Office space size – Signage/naming rights vacancy rates, supply projections, – Space configuration Your real estate brief should consider – Term/renewals current rental rates and tenant – Organisational vision a wide range of criteria: Consider ranking each factor in terms incentives, you will be in a better – Cost parameters – Size of space of importance, as you may have to position to evaluate various proposals. – Timing – Tenant improvement needs compromise on some items, depending Your Colliers International leasing A well-prepared real estate brief will – Number of employees on the options available. You can also professional can provide you with synthesise these elements and translate (maximum and minimum) assign a point value to each factor, with an office market presentation that them into your property requirements. – Image/quality/aesthetics more points possible for the factors describes these factors, both in The brief will expedite your decision- – Location with greater importance. Your Colliers your local market and in the specific making process. You will save considerable – Parking professional can help guide you through sub-markets you identify as most time by inspecting and reviewing only – Building services this evaluation process. desirable. suitable properties. – Office hours – Security and access Your brief also creates a framework – Lease structure preferences to evaluate and compare your options. Colliers International Office Leasing Guide P. 9
  • 10. Step Two EVALUATE MARKET ALTERNATIVES INSPECT AND EVALUATE YOUR OPTIONS RELEASE YOUR BRIEF TO THE MARKET your stated business objectives. Colliers has developed a range of decision- To avoid dealing with multiple agents, making models and matrices. These you can request that your Colliers tools dramatically improve efficiency professional approach the market on in the evaluation process. your behalf. With an intimate knowledge of the market and a well-established network of agents and owners, Colliers FINANCIAL ANALYSIS will act as a single point of contact to There are several ways to compare the uncover all suitable space opportunities. financial aspects of leasing, including: Your real estate advisor will also assist in discussions with your existing – Gross rent per square foot landlord regarding lease renewal – Net effective rent per square foot options. – Total occupancy cost per square foot – Total occupancy cost per employee EVALUATE AND PREPARE Further detail on these measurements A SHORT LIST is provided in the Frequently Asked Questions portion of this guide. When analysing alternative premises, consider timing, financial and other Look beyond the square foot rate offered. incentives that may be offered. A lease Some office space is highly efficient, renewal option should include expansion enabling you to accommodate your and contraction costs, as well as the employees in less space. For example, cost of reconfiguring or completely you may require 5,000 square feet to refurbishing your work space. Aim for accommodate your staff in one building a short list of three or four properties. while another may be able to house them comfortably in 4,000 square feet. Evaluate options against your brief, In this instance, it does not make sense ensuring the property’s benefits match P. 10 Office Leasing Guide Colliers International
  • 11. It is now a fundamental requirement that the office architecture supports the intellectual work demanded of employees and facilitates your organisation’s continuous improvement strategies. to compare the two options based on WORKPLACE DESIGN AND TENANT DETERMINE WORK SPACE – Provide an opinion of likely tenant their rate per square foot. It is more IMPROVEMENTS EFFICIENCIES improvement costs effective to use a cost per employee It’s not all about cost. When evaluating By conducting a design site audit of lease analysis model. your property options, don’t forget to the short-listed options, your workplace TENANT IMPROVEMENT COSTS Lease conditions such as “make good” consider the intangible costs and benefits designer will determine the work space Attaining a tenant improvement that is requirements can also impact on the for each property option. efficiencies for each property. This aligned with your organisation’s ideal attractiveness of a particular option. process also produces sample tenant Your workplace designer can help you outcome depends on which components (For more information on “make good” improvement designs prior to your evaluate each option’s impact on staff are viewed as necessary and what is costs, please refer to page 14.) agreement on terms enabling you to productivity and communication, discarded during the design phase. It is compare your options based on financial corporate identity, information critical that all aspects to be included in and non-financial criteria. COMPARE YOUR OPTIONS USING technology, communications performance the tenant improvement are assessed A LEASE ANALYSIS MODEL and your customer base. If appropriately Your workplace designer will provide the to determine their contribution to the engaged at step one, your workplace following services during this critical overall objectives. Colliers International has developed designer will have the maximum positive evaluation phase: a lease analysis model designed to Equally important is the identification and influence on your workplace brief. compare leasing options on a financial – Prepare a detailed existing tenant evaluation of the potential components basis, using an “apples to apples” In today’s challenging business improvement audit that are excluded. The identification of approach. The model allows the environment, it is critical that positive and negative components through – Assess items suitable for re-use comparison of proposals from multiple organisations look beyond the traditional the audit process provides the in the improved office space lessors, demonstrating the cost of the view of office accommodation and the opportunity to maximise the financial offer over the term of lease. measurement standards normally – Manage the pre-design process effectiveness of the final result and applied. including a review of local authority minimise the cost of the tenant This financial modeling takes into approvals and code requirements improvement. account lease incentives, such as free Your work space must also contribute rent and capital contributions towards to the development of team networks and – Prepare selected site audits tenant improvements, the total rent over organisational learning systems. – Prepare a “stacking and blocking” plan the life of the lease including rental In addition, the office systems must increases, and the term of the lease support organisational change efficiently, – Prepare preliminary concept designs including extension provisions. and with minimal redundancy. – Conduct building services audits Colliers International Office Leasing Guide P. 11
  • 12. Step Three COMMIT TO PREMISES Completing or varying your lease the workplace tenant improvement documentation; commencing the full process begins immediately. At this design process. stage, you should have completed a: – Needs analysis AGREE HEADS OF TERMS – Space plan – Test fit Once the particulars of a lease agreement are negotiated, both parties This will enable you to engage a will sign a copy of the Heads of Terms. designer, who may be the workplace This document is generally not legally designer, with accurate information binding but is a gesture of good faith regarding your requirements. The that terms have been agreed. When sooner a designer is engaged, the signed, this document will be used to better the outcome. brief lawyers so that the final lease It is vital that this stage is viewed as an documents can be prepared. investment in the organisation’s future and not merely a tenant improvement. WORKPLACE DESIGN ISSUES The development of work space should be directly linked with your When a lease agreement is complete, organisational strategy. P. 12 Office Leasing Guide Colliers International
  • 13. Step Four DESIGN AND PROJECT MANAGEMENT The final stage of the process provides – Detailed construction timeline BID REVIEW PHASE – Project manage delivery program the perfect opportunity to re-think office preparation – Determine agreed tender review panel – Project completion/occupation imperatives and promote organisational – Documentation for building owner effectiveness, community, communication – Review and assess tender responses – Oversee practical completion and lawyers and productivity. – Tender management and analysis – Inspection and sign-off – Stakeholder coordination – Manage the identification and DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION completion of all outstanding CONSTRUCTION APPROVAL DETAILED DESIGN AND and defective works DOCUMENTATION PHASE – Manage the delivery process – Engagement and full briefing of all and administer contracts – Cost reporting and final accounts other specialists and consultants – Preparation of documentation for a construction tender – Appoint all approved contractors – As-built drawings, operating manuals, – Commencement of detailed design and suppliers including head tenant guarantees and warranties – Finalise furniture selection – Development of finishes selection improvement contractor – Final inspection and completion – Finalise the selection of tenant – Short list of furniture options – Coordination of all required meetings of works at the end of the defects improvement finishes liability period – Review of likely tenant – Coordination of quality control – Obtain building and construction improvement costs inspections consents – Cost and variation management Colliers International Office Leasing Guide P. 13
  • 14. Translating the Lingo GLOSSARY OF TERMS BUILDING CONSENT INCENTIVE columns, toilets, cupboards, plant/motor RENT REVIEW Approval from the relevant authorities for An inducement offered by the landlord to rooms, public spaces and service areas. It The method by which your rent can vary carrying out building work on the premises, attract tenants to the building. This can excludes areas dedicated as public spaces or during the term of the lease. This can be a usually for tenant improvements. be offered in a variety of ways, such as thoroughfares such as building service areas. market rate review, a predetermined figure through a period of free rent or capital or a rate fixed to an index such as the CPI Gross Internal Area (GIA) contribution from the landlord. or RPI. The review structure is agreed prior CAP AND COLLAR GIA (measured in square feet or square to lease commencement. A term and method used in some market metres) is the floor space contained within review clauses where rental increases are LESSEE each tenancy at each floor level by measuring linked to indexation. It is a mechanism that That legal entity, company or person whose from the dominant portion of the outside PLANNING CONSENT puts a “cap” or maximum amount by which name appears as the occupier or user of faces of walls, to the centre line of the Approval from the local planning department the rent can be increased, or a “collar,” the space on the formal lease document, binding internal common area or inter-tenancy walls. with regard to proposed building works minimum the rent can increase, on the the lessee to the terms and conditions stated or changes in the permitted use of the rental rate review date. therein. Also known as the tenant. premises. MAKE GOOD OR YIELD UP The lessee’s obligation to return the premises NET EFFECTIVE RENT LESSOR to their original condition prior to expiration RIGHT OF RENEWAL The rent payable under the lease accounting The party whose name appears as lessor on of the lease. The lessee’s right to renew a lease for an for all incentives but excluding all building the formal lease document. The lessor is the agreed period of time prior to expiration of expenses (i.e. business rates, utilities, landlord or owner of the property. the initial lease. OCCUPANCY RATIOS service charge). A common ratio used to measure the tenant LEASABLE AREA efficiency of individual building’s floor plates. SERVICE CHARGE AND INSURANCE GROSS RENT OR HEADLINE RENT Net Internal Area (NIA) This ratio is calculated by dividing the total All other costs beside rent associated The rent payable under the lease excluding NIA (measured in square feet or square net leasable area by the number of people with insurance, operation, upkeep and/or any incentives. metres) is the useable floor space contained who occupy a floor. Average occupancy maintenance of the building, including air within each tenancy between the internal ratios vary between 1:100 and 1:120 square conditioning, elevator maintenance, common finished surfaces of permanent internal feet per person. area cleaning, security and electricity. walls and the internal finished surfaces of dominant portions of the permanent outer building walls. It generally excludes structural P. 14 Office Leasing Guide Colliers International
  • 15. STATUTORY EXPENSES Statutory expenses include costs such as business rates, water and sewer rates and usage charges. SUBLEASE/ASSIGNMENT The mechanism under the provisions of the lease allowing the lessee to find a suitable replacement tenant. This is subject to lessor approval and unless specifically stated, does not limit your legal responsibilities during the term of the lease. Colliers International Office Leasing Guide P. 15
  • 16. P. 16 Office Leasing Guide Colliers International
  • 17. Frequently Asked Questions HOW CAN I NEGOTIATE THE BEST DEAL? WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN WHAT ADDITIONAL COSTS AM I WHAT IS A “YIELD UP” AND HOW MUCH GROSS RENT, NET RENT, NET EFFECTIVE RESPONSIBLE FOR OVER AND ABOVE WILL IT COST? By carefully selecting the right properties RENT AND HEADLINE RENT? RENT AND OPERATING EXPENSES? on your short list, you can create a A “yield up” clause is your (the lessee’s) competitive environment to achieve the GROSS RENT is the rent calculated inclusive In addition to a pro-rata share of building obligation to return the premises to its most favorable lease agreement. Your of all building costs. HEADLINE RENT is operating expenses, you will generally be original state upon completion of your lease, Colliers International advisor can assist you the quoted rental rate before taking into responsible for electricity and other utility usually excepting fair wear and tear of floor throughout this process. account incentives or increases, whereas charges and cleaning your own premises. coverings. NET EFFECTIVE RENT is the rental rate If you are relocating, one of our building averaged out over the term of the lease, HOW MUCH SPACE WILL I NEED? WHAT ARE THE RENT REVIEW PATTERNS surveyors will be able to assess “yielding including consideration of rent-free periods FOR THE TERM AS WELL AS THE up” costs. The amount of space you require will vary or up-front incentives. RENEWAL PERIOD? depending on the nature of your business and the efficient use of space you select. Most lessors have a standardised lease WHEN DOES THE AGREEMENT BECOME WILL I BE ABLE TO SUBLEASE OR As a rule you will require roughly 100 to document for their buildings, including a LEGALLY BINDING? ASSIGN MY LEASE? 120 square feet of space per employee. prearranged rental review pattern. During a typical lease negotiation, leasing Most commercial leases allow the lessee to Typically, the two most significant influencing proposals are used as a medium to determine sublease or assign their premises. Typically, WHAT ARE MY TOTAL REAL factors on rent review patterns are lease terms terms and conditions acceptable to both lessor the lessor is unable to unreasonably withhold ESTATE COSTS? and the commencing rental. Rent review and lessee. In the first instance this will consent to the sublease/assignment. A prudent methods may include fixed increases, usually be a set of agreed Heads of Terms, In addition to your rent, you may also pay lessor will consider the strength of the contract structured increases or reviews to market outlining the salient terms of the lease. for operating costs such as insurance, service being offered by the incoming tenant and will levels. The Consumer Price Index (CPI), and estate charges, business rates and be reluctant to accept a sublease/assignment At this stage, the agreement may be or a margin over CPI, is another common utility costs specific to your demise/use. if it could potentially compromise their conditional. In some cases it may be structure. financial position or security. conditional on lessee and/or lessor board approval, together with other approval conditions. Colliers International Office Leasing Guide P. 17 Office Leasing Guide P. 17
  • 18. The lessee and/or lessor may not be legally bound to commit to the premises until the various conditions are satisfied. The Heads of Terms, provides a framework by which the lawyers will draw up the lease documentation. The lease is only legally binding when it has been signed and executed by the lawyers. HOW MUCH WILL MY TENANT FIT-OUT WORKS COST? This depends on the quality of the works you require. Factors in the cost include the quality of finishes selected, infrastructure needs such as plumbing and wiring, and the complexity of the requested build-out. P. 18 Office Leasing Guide Colliers International
  • 19. Relocation Checklist A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE PRELIMINARY ˆ Mail moving notices ˆ Prepare labels for moving furniture POST-MOVE and boxes to new locations ˆ Finalise lease for new location ˆ Banks and financial institutions ˆ Install and test telephone system ˆ Assign move supervisors in each ˆ Notify present landlord of termination date ˆ Clients and customers ˆ Distribute new phone list and map showing department ˆ the locations of departments ˆ Advise staff of date and location of move Professional organisations ˆ Develop a master relocation project schedule ˆ ˆ Install and test all computers ˆ Engage designer for new premises Credit accounts and credit cards ˆ Schedule and implement a clean-up program ˆ ˆ Do a detailed walk-through of the premises ˆ Create a master change-of-address list Insurance companies (purge files, dispose of trash) and report any damage to moving company ˆ Accounts receivable and payable ˆ Schedule staff for unpacking, including PRE-MOVE—GENERAL ˆ Transfer your insurance to the new location stocking supply cabinets, storerooms, file ˆ Newspaper and magazine subscriptions ˆ Reserve elevators and loading docks rooms, and removing tags from all furniture ˆ Obtain Certificates of Insurance from your ˆ Telephone company and internet and equipment to ensure your company will be insurance company for moving day service provider operational as rapidly as possible after move ˆ Tender and award moving contract ˆ Confirm termination of old leases ˆ Prospects and special services ˆ Arrange for off-site storage of old files ˆ Tender and award telephone and ˆ Collect parking passes, security cards and ˆ Hold a meeting at new premises three ˆ Pack contents of all filing cabinets and desks, keys for the old facility. Confirm the return computer cabling weeks prior to move. Bring in all parties ensuring everything is properly labeled of any deposits held by the landlord for ˆ Inventory existing furniture involved (design/construction/mover/cabling these items ˆ Arrange for staff to tour new premises a few company/information technology specialist) ˆ Code furniture and equipment on a weeks prior to move ˆ Audit final invoices against contracts to ensure all details are covered and all colour-coded floor plan responsibilities clear ˆ Schedule post-move training for security, fire, ˆ Complete and file all warranty information ˆ Audit keys and life safety procedures at the new facility for all new furniture and equipment ˆ Schedule public relations effort, including ˆ Order any new office furniture plans for news releases and an “office ˆ Distribute access cards and keys ˆ Update fixed asset accounting system for and equipment warming” party for new premises any new furniture and equipment purchased ˆ Order new stationery ˆ Arrange for listing on lobby directory ˆ Confirm the change-of-address of new building MOVING DAY ˆ File change-of-address forms with post corrections made office and forward mail ˆ Arrange for post-move cleaning ˆ Arrange with the building manager to have ˆ Schedule press release and client the air conditioning on during the move ˆ Check your insurance coverage for the move announcement PRE-MOVE—INTERNAL ˆ Remove computer equipment (server) and ˆ Advise suppliers (telephone, bottled water, phone system prior to arrival of movers and coffee service) of new address ˆ Organise a “staff moving committee” if commence reinstallation at new site appropriate and delegate responsibilities ˆ Alert photocopier contractor ˆ Draft an emergency contact list for vendors ˆ Schedule and prepare agenda for your ˆ Decide on security procedures for the move such as elevator maintenance, building employee move orientation meeting management, utilities, telecommunications ˆ Finalise seating plan and identify and moving company each location Colliers International Office Leasing Guide P. 19
  • 20. Contact Details Bill Kennedy MRICS Managing Director (Joint) bill.kennedy@colliers.com +44 28 9051 1006 Ian Duddy MRICS Director ian.duddy@colliers.com +44 28 9051 1003 Tracy Flannigan MRICS ACIArb Director tracy.flannigan@colliers.com +44 28 9051 1001 Accelerating success These notes contain a summary only of certain aspects of the subject matter. They have been prepared for the purposes of the guide and are not a substitute for legal advice on specific facts. Great care has been taken in their preparation but no responsibility is accepted for any inaccuracies or omissions. (Feb 2011)