Nose reshaping, Anemia during pregnancy, colonoscopy procedure, Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), Alzheimer's disease. Find out more inforrmation about medical videos, top Medical Products, doctors online, Healthcare Experts, top medical news, online medical news, online medical videos visit our (http://docturs.com/dd/) website.

1. 5 Major Health Diseases and
Treatments

2. Index
S.No Title
1 Nose reshaping - a discussion about Rhinoplasty
2 Anemia - The RBC Deficiency & Pregnancy
3 Colonoscopy Procedure – The Risks Involved
4 ERCP technique - Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
5 Alzheimer's Disease - The Memory Disease

3. Nose reshaping - a discussion about Rhinoplasty
The plastic surgery by which the nose of an individual is re-structured is called
Rhinoplasty and in laymen terms, it t is understood as ‘Nose reshaping’. The operation
may be carried out to improve the shape of the nose. This can be done to make the
individual look visually more appealing or for medical reasons like breathing difficulty.
For such patients, a nose job improves the breathing activity.
Before the Plastic surgeon operates upon you, there will be a discussion about your
expectations, fitness to undergo the surgery, your medical history and what the results of
the nose reshaping would be like. With improved technologies like computer imaging, it
is easy to get an idea about the final outcome. One can also visit the internet and talk to
doctors online, much before your scheduled appointment with the plastic surgeon, so as
to get an idea about what to expect from the procedure.
People of any age group can volunteer for a nose reshaping procedure. However, a
minimum age restriction of 13 years for girls and 15 years for boys is prescribed. This is
because during adolescence and puberty, the body structures may not be fully developed.
Further still, it is important that the individual personally opts for such a surgical
procedure himself and is not influenced by peers or parents; as is possible at young age.

4. Plastic surgeries are often not covered in the medical insurance policies. Typically, the
cost for Rhinoplasty may range from about $4000 to $7000 depending on factors such as
the complexity of the operation, the surgeon performing the procedure and the location of
treatment. After the procedure you may have to keep your face upwards to avoid
increased swelling. Regions near your eyes and nasal area can be slightly bruised and
swollen. The patient may also experience pain but generally, this can be controlled with
painkillers. Within a week or two all the dressings and stiches will be removed and you
shall be able to indulge in normal activities comfortably after at most 4 weeks.
The effects of nose reshaping are permanent and ever lasting. The main goal of
undergoing the procedure is to create a balance in your facial statistics. Once you have
completed your research and contemplated the consequences, you can schedule a nasal
consultation and make decision about a nose re-shape, yourself. There is plenty of
information available on the internet and book stores. Put in efforts and make an
informed decision.
Anemia - The RBC Deficiency & Pregnancy
Anemia is a term derived from the Greek ‘anaimia’ meaning the lack of blood. Anemia is
actually the lack of RBC - red blood cells or the lack of hemoglobin in the blood. The
hemoglobin is found inside the RBCs and it carries oxygen to the tissues from the lungs.
As the quantity of hemoglobin decreases, there is a lack of oxygen in the organs – a
condition called hypoxia. The varying degree of anemia has different consequences.
The most common disorder of blood is anemia, and it is of several kinds caused due to
various underlying reasons. Anemia can be mainly categorized into deficient RBC
production, excessive blood loss and excessive blood cell destruction.

5. The low count of red blood cells causes a variety of signs and symptoms and can make
any other underlying medical condition worse. Anemia symptoms may include weakness,
light-headedness, paleness, fatigue, shortness of breath, palpitations while severe anemia
symptoms may be dizziness, passing out, chest pain, rapid heart rate, angina or heart
attack. Presence of anemia may be felt due to symptoms like change in stool color, low
BP, jaundice, spleen enlargement or rapid breathing.
Anemia during pregnancy is a common occurrence among women as the demand for
vitamins and iron increases in the body. It is necessary for a mother to increase the
production of RBCs in the body which is also used by the placenta and the fetus. The
body starts producing more RBCs and plasma but the increase is not proportionate. The
plasma amount is disproportionately greater than the RBCS and hence blood is diluted.
As the RBCs are lesser, there is a fall in hemoglobin concentration. In such cases,
medical products like iron supplement pills and medical tests like serum ferritin is the
best way to keep a check. Iron deficiency may also be caused due to a low-iron diet, lack
of folic acid in the diet or loss of blood due to bleeding from piles or ulcers.
A pregnant woman will generally not have anemia symptoms except when the
hemoglobin is below 8g/dl. Starting with paleness and tiredness, the mother may
experience palpitations or chest pain if anemia is severe (hemoglobin drops to 6g/dl).
Pregnant women should take care about anemia by emphasizing on varied diet,
consulting the doctor about food and supplements intake during pregnancy, intake of
good sources of iron and supplements of iron, vitamins and especially folic acid, so that
the child does not suffer from the problem of spina bifida. Pregnancy is a fragile
condition and one should be very careful and alert. Rest and proper food always proves to
be good for the child.
Colonoscopy Procedure – The Risks Involved
The colon is the posterior part of the digestive canal which is involved in absorption of
liquids and nutrients from the solid wastes before excretion. It is hence, and important
part of the digestive system. The colonoscopy procedure is carried out when this distal
part of the alimentary canal needs to be examined for signs of cancers, ulcers, fistulas or
any other such anomalies. Often, patients have the misconception that the examination is
carried out only for ‘Colon cancer’; but this is not true.
In most cases, the colonoscopy procedure is safe and complications are seldom seen. The
colonoscopy instrument – called the colonoscope - is entered into the anus and monitored
technically. The device records images of the colon as well as helps in clearing blockages
and polyps or to take a biopsy of tissues for studying. The process is relatively painless
and but sometimes complications may arise.
The minor complications that can be experienced are mainly nausea and subsequent,
vomiting; allergies on the skin around the anus and dehydration. Dehydration is common
because the colon passage has to be free from solids to allow proper examination. Due to

6. this, medication, which induces loose motions, is administered to the patient. The effects
may ware off a little while after the schedule.
During the process, the abdomen is filled up with air so that the health care expert can
view the internal regions of the alimentary canal clearly on the computer screen.
As a side effect of the procedure, cramps in the stomach may be experience. This may be
accompanied by abdominal swelling. However, these symptoms generally do not last for
a very long duration.
When a biopsy is carried out, a small amount of tissue is collected from the body. Hence,
the bowel may contain small amounts of blood. The patient may suffer a slight loss of
blood for a few days.
Further, during the test, the patient is administered certain specific medications to which
the body can develop an allergic reaction. The risk involved here, is the same as any other
medical procedure. Further, there is a uncommon possibility that the intestinal wall is
scraped or damaged slightly causing a perforation or infection.
Over and above the points discussed here, one should remain updated with medical news
and technological advancements. The colonoscopy procedure, though very useful, may
not be able to diagnose some diseases. In such a case, additional investigation becomes
necessary.

7. ERCP technique - Endoscopic retrograde
cholangiopancreatography
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) may sound like the longest
word in the dictionary, but it is just a medical technique which helps the physician to
diagnose problems in the pancreas, liver, bile ducts and gallbladder.
The internal body structure concerning the ercp medical procedure consists of the liver –
which makes a digestion-helping liquid called bile, gallbladder – storage of bile till it is
needed for digestion, pancreas – these glands produce chemicals helping in digestion and
hormones like insulin and bile ducts – tubes transporting bile liquid from liver to small
intestine and gallbladder. ERCP technique is used to examine and treat the conditions of
these transporter bile ducts along with gallstones, scars, leaks and cancer.
The ercp procedure includes using endoscopy and x-rays so that it enables the physician
to have a better view of the inside of the stomach and the intestine. Endoscopy procedure
uses an instrument called endoscope which is a lighted, flexible long tube. Dyes are
injected in the bile ducts and the pancreas so they can be seen on x-rays.
The ercp treatments start with sedating the patient and numbing the back of the throat.
The endoscope is swallowed by the patient and is guided through the esophagus, stomach
and the intestines to access the bile ducts and the pancreas. A small plastic tube is passed
through the scope and the dye is injected in the ducts which would show clearly in the x-
rays. As soon as the dye is injected, the x-rays are taken. Certain instruments can also be
inserted in the scope to remove ant abnormal growth or obstruction, in case of the
examination showing a gallstone or narrowing of the ducts. Tissue samples can be taken

8. and biopsy can be done for further testing. One can see the ercp procedure in detail with
the help of top medical videos, which are sometimes taken live.
An ercp medical procedure can take around half an hour to two hours and discomfort can
be felt when air is blown in the duodenum and dye is injected. Hospital stay may be
necessary till the sedative wears off.
There may be risks and complications in ercp like in any other surgery. The possible
complications may be inflammation of the pancreas known as pancreatitis, perforation of
the duodenum, bleeding or infection. A lump or tenderness may be seen where the
sedative is injected but it goes away by itself in a few days.
Alzheimer's Disease - The Memory Disease
A lot has been written and spoken about the memory disease - Alzheimer's. It has also
been a celluloid subject and much has been done for its awareness. But the real top
medical news is the research that speaks about the brain implants that could restore
memory in Alzheimer's sufferers. The electrical implant can bring back long-term
memory which has been completely lost and improve it in others who have normal recall.
Along with Alzheimer sufferers, it is also beneficial for stroke victims and people with
brain injuries. In the current statistics of people over 65, one in three is expected to die
with dementia and in UK, over 3,75,000 have Alzheimer’s disease. If such condition
continues, in just 10 years, a million people will be living with dementia.
Alzheimer’s disease impairs memory and gradually affects thinking and behavior. It is
the most popular form of dementia, which is a loss of brain function that occurs with
certain diseases. A type of dementia, AD, gradually gets worse with time. It also affects
language, judgment, decisiveness and personality over a period of time.

9. The risk factors for Alzheimer’s may be family history and age. Combination of certain
genes, a family history or some relatives having the disease and increasing age carries the
risk of developing Alzheimer’s. Some unproven risk factors also include history of head
trauma and high BP since a long time. Alzheimer’s disease can be categorized into the
early onset and late onset groups. The symptoms in the early onset of AD start showing
before the age of 60 and progresses rapidly and this kind of disease mostly runs in the
family. Late onset of AD is a much common disease developing after the age of 60.
The reason behind the causing of AD is not known but it can be said that it may include
both genetic and environmental factors. Earlier, the reason was guessed to be the buildup
of aluminum, mercury, lead and other substances in the brain but it is no longer believed
to be a cause. The most certain way of determining the presence of AD is to examine
their brain tissue sample after their death. The common changes in the brain tissue are
neurofibrillary tangles, senile plaques and neuritic plaques.
Alzheimer’s disease treatment is a drug treatment which works on slowing the symptoms
of the disease and many a times there are no noticeable changes. Some other medicines
may also be combined which are needed for agitated and aggressive behaviors, which
may prove to be dangerous. It is also said that research is being done on early testing
vaccine against AD.

10. Reference:
Nose reshaping: - http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/11287/nose-reshaping-rhinoplasty/
Anemia during pregnancy: - http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/13264/anaemia-during-
pregnancy/
colonoscopy procedure: - http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/2441/colonoscopy-
examination-of-the-colon/
Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP):
-http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/13136/ercp/
Alzheimer's disease - http://docturs.com/dd/pg/groups/13010/alzheimers-disease/
Top medical news, medical videos and medical products: - http://docturs.com/dd/

11. Thank you